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Help:IPA/Pashto

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Pashto on Wikipedia.
It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Pashto in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first.
For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.
Wikipedia key to pronunciation of Pashto

The chart below explains how Wikipedia represents Pashto pronunciations with the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

See Pashto phonology for a more thorough discussion of the sounds of Pashto.

Consonants
IPA Letter Usual romanization English approximation
NW NE SW SE
b
ب
b bed
d
د
d day
z d͡z
ځ
dz lads
d͡ʒ
ج
j jam
ɖ
ډ
day (retroflex)
f
ف
f fun
ɡ
ګ
g go
ɣ
غ
ğ, ǧ Spanish amigo
h
ه
ح
h hat
j
ي
y yes
k
ک
k king
l
ل
l left
m
م
m man
n
ن
n no
ŋ song
ɳ
ڼ
no (retroflex)
p
پ
p spit
q
ق
q cool (without voicing)
r
ر
r run
ɺ , ɻ , ɽ
ړ
run (retroflex)
s
س
ث
ص
s see
ʃ
ش
š she
ç x ʂ ʃ
ښ
x̌, ṣ̌ she (retroflex)
t
ت
ط
t top
s t͡s
څ
c, ts cats
t͡ʃ
چ
č chin
ʈ
ټ
top (retroflex)
w
و
w win
x
خ
x Bach (German)
z
ز
ذ
ض
ظ
z zoo
ʒ d͡ʒ ʒ
ژ
ž pleasure
ʝ ɡ ʐ ʒ
ږ
ǵ, ẓ̌ pleasure (retroflex)
◌̃
ں
̃ , ń song
Marginal consonant
IPA Letter Usual romanization English approximation
ʔ
ع
ء
', ɂ water (glottalized)
Vowels
IPA Letter Usual romanization English approximation
a
َ
ه
a cat
ɑ
آ
َا
ā father
e
ې
e egg
ə
ٙ
ۀ
ə comma
ɪ
ِ
i it
i
ِي
i, ī eat
o
و
o story
ʊ
ُ
u cool
u
ُو
u, ū put
Diphthongs
IPA Letter Usual romanization English approximation
ai
َی
ay ice
ɑi
آی
َای
āy ice
əi
ٙۍ
ٙئ
əy face
aw
َو
aw loud
ɑw
آو
َاو
āw loud
وی
oy boy
ُوی
uy booyah; Gruyère
Stress
IPA Usual romanization English approximation
ˈ ́ about

See also

[edit ]
Comparisons
Introductory guides

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