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Help:IPA/Franco-Provençal

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This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Franco-Provençal on Wikipedia.
It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Franco-Provençal in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first.
For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.
Wikipedia key to pronunciation of Franco-Provençal
The Franco-Provençal guide is currently under construction; inaccuracies may be present.

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Franco-Provençal (also known as Arpitan) pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

Consonants
IPA Examples English approximation
b bâs bow
ç [1] [examples needed ] hue
d dinar doe
ð [2] [examples needed ] then
f [2] fèna foe
ɡ gran go
ɡj[2] dz ghoral goods
jazz
ɟ ague
ʒ measure
h [1] [2] [examples needed ] happy
k kilô sky
kj[2] c chalor skew
ʃ show
ts hats
change
l lârro low
ʎ lyata roughly like million
m mira mow
n nâs no
ɲ [examples needed ] roughly like canyon
ŋ [examples needed ] parking
p pâre spy
r[3] r curâ atom (GA )
ʁ roughly like loch (Scotland )
s [2] sôré so
t tanta stow
θ [2] [examples needed ] thin
v [2] savuc vote
z [2] zérô zoo
Vowels
Oral Nasal
IPA Examples English approximation IPA Examples English approximation
a tina pasta ɑ̃ [4] chançon croissant (GA ) or coq au vin
ɑ pâta bra
e [examples needed ] clay ɛ̃ vent length
ɛ libertá festival
i [examples needed ] see ĩ [examples needed ] ring
ə [examples needed ] again œ̃ [examples needed ] nasalized [œ]
œ [examples needed ] roughly like shirt (RP )
ø [examples needed ]
o [examples needed ] story ɔ̃ [5] chançon croissant (RP )
ɔ [examples needed ] off
u [examples needed ] cool ũ [examples needed ] nasalized [u]
y blu roughly like cute [examples needed ] nasalized [y]
Semivowels
IPA Examples English approximation
j vreyer yet
w [examples needed ] wet
ɥ [examples needed ] simultaneous yet and wet
Other symbols
IPA Examples Explanation
ˈ [examples needed ] primary stress (placed before the stressed syllable)[6]
. [examples needed ] syllable break (placed between the syllables)

Notes

[edit ]
  1. ^ a b /h/ varies in realization: [h], [x] and [ç] (the latter also a realization of other phonemes) all occur.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i There appears to be considerable variation among [dz], [dʒ], [ʒ], and [ɟ], as well as among [ts], [tʃ], [ʃ], and [c], as a result of the palatalization of /ɡ/ (or /d/) and /k/ (or /t/), respectively. Other possible realizations, which also occur separately, are [ð], [v], [z] for the voiced phoneme and [θ], [f], [s], [h] for the voiceless one.
  3. ^ The most common pronunciations include [ʁ], [ʀ] and [χ], albeit in many regions as well as in Switzerland and Italy the older [r] is still very common.
  4. ^ Also realized as [æ̃].
  5. ^ Also realized as [ɒ̃].
  6. ^ Stress always falls on one of the final two syllables.

See also

[edit ]
Comparisons
Introductory guides

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