| Accession: | |
|---|---|
| Functional site class: | Tankyrase-binding motif |
| Functional site description: | Tankyrases belong to the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) family of proteins, which function by catalyzing the covalent linkage of ADP-ribose polymers onto target proteins and thereby regulating their ubiquitylation, stability and function. The human genome encodes two similar tankyrases. TNKS and TNKS2 both recruit a variety of substrates with a broad range of functions. Each shows some variation in their conservation and tissue expression. Moreover both Tankyrases contain N-terminal ankyrin repeats. These ankyrin repeats form five domains known as ankyrin repeat clusters (ARCs) and each can serve as a discrete binding site for its binding partners. Tankyrase plays important roles in many biological functions including telomere length regulation, insulin signalling and centrosome function. Dysregulation of 3BP2 recognition by tankyrase causes a human disease knows as cherubism. Tankyrase is also considered to be a potential candidate for a telomere-directed anticancer target. |
| ELM Description: | Tankyrase1 and Tankyrase 2 are closely related poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases. They have both enzymatic and scaffolding activities. Tankyrases are multidomain proteins. The C-terminal PARP domain catalyzes the poly-(ADP-ribosyl)ation of substrate proteins, whereas the ankyrin repeat domain interacts with the substrates and brings them to PARP domain. There are five ankyrin triple repeat clusters (ARCs) present in Tankyrase and, except ARC3, all are predicted to act as independent binding unit. The ARCs interact with substrates through their tankyrase binding motifs. All ARCs having similar substrate recognition abilities and the overall binding mode of substrates to an ARC of Tankyrase is highly conserved, with the binding peptide lying in a surface groove. Each ARC is able to bind the same set of proteins with different binding affinity. So they are redundant in function. The Tankyrase binding motif is usually depicted as RxxPDG. The arginine and glycine residues at positions 1 and 6 are highly conserved acting as critical anchor residues of the motif. The R enters the deepest part of the groove making charged interactions. The G is sandwiched in the narrowest part of the groove. The P and D positions are more variable. The motif is experimentally verified in nearly 17 proteins including 3BP2, AXIN1, TRF1, IRAP and NUMA1. |
| Pattern: | .R..[PGAV][DEIP]G. |
| Pattern Probability: | 0.0003538 |
| Present in taxon: | Metazoa |
| Interaction Domain: |
Ank (PF00023)
Ankyrin repeat
(Stochiometry: 4 : 1)
PDB Structure: 3TWS
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