People's Republic of China (PRC) and ADB
ADB operations in the People’s Republic of China support innovative, sustainable, knowledge-based, and replicable solutions to address climate change, environmental challenges, and population aging.
The PRC navigated a complex socioeconomic landscape in 2024 including challenges in the real estate market, heightened trade tensions, and severe climate-related disasters. However, robust exports and supportive monetary and fiscal policies sustained economic growth. Assistance from the Asian Development Bank (ADB) continued to promote high-quality green growth and climate resilience, focusing on biodiversity conservation, decarbonized development, and nature-based solutions.
Sovereign operations. As of 31 December 2024, ADB has committed 1,238 public sector loans, grants, and technical assistance totaling 45ドル.2 billion to the PRC. ADB’s current sovereign portfolio in the PRC includes 72 loans worth 11ドル.79 billion.
ADB commenced several projects in the PRC in 2024. The bank committed a 197ドル.6 million loan equivalent to establish a finance system for decarbonizing industrial parks, aiming to reduce 900,000 tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions annually by 2032. The project will fund renewable energy, biogas, organic fertilizer, and biomass heat supply subprojects, benefiting 1.5 million people and supporting 25 enterprises (including 8 led by women).
In Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, ADB committed 203ドル.2 million equivalent to create a green insurance and guarantee system to finance energy-saving projects, targeting a reduction of 750,000 tons of CO2 emissions annually by 2030. This initiative will support low-carbon technologies in micro and small enterprises, particularly those led by women, and improve air quality for 9.6 million residents.
ADB also committed a results-based lending program of 195ドル.4 million equivalent in Chongqing Gaoxin District. The program will benefit 840,000 residents and reduce CO2 emissions by 206,538 tons annually by 2030 through establishing green and low-carbon urban infrastructure and services, implementing nature-based solutions for urban ecology and climate resilience, and enhancing institutional capacity and human capital for green and low-carbon urban development.
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As the first investment under the Regional Flyway Initiative, ADB committed a 146ドル million equivalent for restoring the South Dongting Lake in Hunan province. The project aims to restore nearly 12,000 hectares of nature reserves, habitats, and wetlands and establish an eco-compensation mechanism to incentivize farmers to adopt eco-friendly farming and aquaculture practices.
ADB also committed 150ドル million to enhance biodiversity conservation and climate resilience in Qixia City, Shandong Province. The project aims to restore aquatic ecosystems and provide technical advice for climate-smart production to 200,000 farmers, half of whom are women. It will also improve services, livelihood opportunities, and flood and drought risk management for 429,000 people.
Nonsovereign operations. Total outstanding balances and undisbursed commitments of ADB’s nonsovereign transactions in the PRC as of 31 December 2024 amounted to 1ドル.06 billion representing 8.22% of ADB’s total private sector portfolio.
ADB is enhancing health care in the PRC, mobilizing 5ドル million in private sector financing to consolidate the benefits of an ongoing elderly care demonstration project in Yichang municipality, Hubei Province. Under the transaction, a private operator will manage two modern facilities with 1,200 beds, reserving 20% for financially disadvantaged patients.
ADB is expanding vocational education with a nonsovereign loan of 59ドル million equivalent to the Yantai Institute of Science and Technology for a climate-adaptive campus, and 39ドル.3 million equivalent to China Education Group Holdings Limited to refinance operations. Through its new facilities, Yantai will offer new courses in health services, robotics, automation, and intelligent manufacturing.
ADB provided a 54ドル.2 million loan equivalent to Huaneng Tiancheng Financial Leasing Company Limited for distributed wind energy projects, aiming to avoid 250,000 tons of greenhouse gas emissions annually.
ADB signed a 50ドル.5 million loan equivalent with Canvest Environmental Protection Group Company Limited to build a waste-to-energy plant in Huizhou City, Guangdong Province, and expand services in Quyang County, Hebei Province.
ADB also invested 40ドル million in a private equity fund to support up to 30 early-stage companies in health care, technology, enterprise solutions, and consumer sectors.
Cumulative disbursements. Cumulative sovereign and nonsovereign loan and grant disbursements to the PRC amount to 38ドル.15 billion. These were financed by regular ordinary capital resources and other special funds.
Operational challenges. Operational challenges persist in less developed regions in the PRC due to weaker institutional capacity, fiscal constraints, and high local public debt levels. Addressing emerging issues such as scope changes, loan savings, and challenges in financial intermediation loans requires targeted training and clear guidelines. Regular performance reviews and stakeholder consultations remain critical. Strategic capacity building and institutional strengthening have played a key role in enhancing performance and should continue to support further improvements.
Additionally, the economic and social profitability of ADB-financed projects and the attraction of greater private sector participation are shared goals between ADB and local governments. Private sector enterprises continue to face challenges in green transitioning, which requires ADB to strengthen its cooperation with the PRC to ensure high-quality and sustainable development in the private sector.
ADB and the PRC continued to strengthen knowledge cooperation, including support from the ADB-PRC Regional Knowledge Sharing Initiative. In 2024, ADB hosted the East Asia Forum in which participants from 18 ADB members discussed the ADB-PRC evolving partnership; climate change, nature conservation, and energy transition; and the role of artificial intelligence.
ADB and the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction cohosted a forum to promote regional knowledge exchange on urban resilience.
A report titled Echoes of Success shows how five ADB projects in the PRC have been replicated locally and internationally. A brief titled Innovations in Information and Communication Technology‐Enhanced and Competency-Based Education: Experience from Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China shares successful examples of how creative uses of technology can boost primary education. ADB also published a paper, Integrated Approach for Cost-Effective Disaster Risk Management, developing a cost-effective disaster risk management framework. Other knowledge products focused on biodiversity conservation and ecological protection.
News Release: ADB to Deepen Partnership With PRC Under New 5-Year Strategy
News Release: Guizhou Builds Skilled Workforce in Partnership With ADB
News Release: First ADB Policy-Based Loan to PRC Supports Air Pollution Control in Beijing Capital Region
News Release: ADB President Assures PRC Vice Premier of Strong Support for Reforms, Environment, and Poverty Reduction
News Release: PRC Knowledge Hub on Green Development and Eco-Compensation Established with ADB Support
Case study: PRC’s Tianjin Breathing Easier with Cleaner Coal Power
Speech: Launch of Offshore Renminbi Bonds – Bindu N. Lohani
Article: Building Strong Cities in the People’s Republic of China
Case study: People’s Republic of China: Switching on to Clean Energy
Case study: People's Republic of China: Clean and Efficient Energy in Guandong Province
Publication: People's Republic of China: Tapping a New Well
The PRC is the first developing country to create such a fund with an international financial institution and starts its new roles as donor and resource country for experience and knowledge sharing in development.
News release: GMS Leaders Commit to Stronger Partnerships
Publication: Impact Stories from the People's Republic of China: Partnership for Prosperity
Read how the phenomenal growth rate of Shanghai's Pudong area is linked to this infrastructure project: Bridges Bring Boom.
ADB Projects in the PRC Project data sheets for loans, grants, TAs
Number of Shares Held
684,000 (6.429% of total shares)
Votes
722,547 (5.433% of total membership, 8.37% of total regional membership)
*Overall capital subscription
8ドル.92 billion
*Paid-in capital subscription
446ドル.16 million
* United States dollar figures are valued at rate as of 31 December 2024.
ADB Governor: Lan Fo'an
ADB Alternate Governor: Liao Min
ADB Director: Liu Weihua
ADB Alternate Director: Zhan Shu
ADB Director’s Advisors: Tian Min and Gao Yuanhou
Financing partnerships enable ADB’s financing partner governments or their agencies, multilateral financing institutions, and private organizations to participate in financing ADB projects. The additional funds provided may be in the form of loans and grants, technical assistance, and nonsovereign cofinancing.
Cumulative cofinancing commitments in the PRC:
In 2024, the PRC received 65ドル million in loan cofinancing from the Agence Française de Développement for the Hunan South Dongting Lake Wetland Ecological Restoration and Sustainable Development Project.
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In preparation for the next country partnership strategy covering 2026–2030, ADB is committed to fostering a more innovative and multifaceted partnership with the PRC to promote the creation of global, regional, and local public goods. This requires ADB’s operations to be more selective and transformative, focusing on demonstrative projects where ADB can add value and benefit the wider region. The One ADB and client-centered approach will leverage ADB’s support in financing, knowledge, and cutting-edge technology; catalyze private capital; and enhance efficiency in operations.
This article was originally published in the ADB and the People’s Republic of China: Fact Sheet. Updated yearly, this ADB Fact Sheet provides concise information on ADB's operations in the country and contact information.
Last updated: 30 April 2025
People’s Republic of China Resident Mission
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Chaoyang District, Beijing 100004
People’s Republic of China
Tel: +86 10 8573 0909
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E-mail
Ministry of Finance
Sanlihe, Xicheng District, Beijing 100820
People’s Republic of China
Fax: +86 10 6855 1125
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