- ๐ฌ๐ง Arsenic
- ๐บ๐ฆ ะัั'ัะบ
- ๐จ๐ณ ็ ท
- ๐ณ๐ฑ Arseen
- ๐ซ๐ท Arsenic
- ๐ฉ๐ช Arsen
- ๐ฎ๐ฑ ืืจืกื
- ๐ฎ๐น Arsenico
- ๐ฏ๐ต ใ็ด
- ๐ต๐น Arsênico
- ๐ช๐ธ Arsénico
- ๐ธ๐ช Arsenik
- ๐ท๐บ ะััััะบ
- Name: arsenic
- Symbol: As
- Atomic number: 33
- Relative atomic mass (Ar): 74.921595 (6)
- Standard state: solid at 298 K
- Appearance: metallic grey
- Classification: Semi-metallic
- Group in periodic table: 15
- Group name: Pnictogen
- Period in periodic table: 4
- Block in periodic table: p
- Shell structure: 2.8.18.5
- CAS Registry: 7440-38-2
Arsenic atoms have 33 electrons and the shell structure is 2.8.18.5. The ground state electronic configuration of neutral arsenic is [Ar].3d10.4s2.4p3 and the term symbol of arsenic is 4S3/2.
Arsenic: description
Elemental arsenic occurs in two solid modifications: yellow, and grey or metallic, with specific gravities of 1.97, and 5.73, respectively. The element is a steel grey, very brittle, crystalline, semimetallic (metalloid) solid. It tarnishes in air, and when heated rapidly oxidises to arsenous oxide which has a garlic odour.
Arsenic and its compounds are poisonous as any reader of "who-done-it" books knows. Upon heating arsenic and some minerals containing arsenic, it sublimes (transfers from the solid to the gaseous state, without passing through the liquid state).
arsenic
This sample is from The Elements Collection, an attractive and safely packaged collection of the 92 naturally occurring elements that is available for sale.
Arsenic: physical properties
- Density of the chemical elements on a miniature periodic table spark table Density of solid: 5727 kg m-3
- Molar volume of the chemical elements on a miniature periodic table spark table Molar volume: 12.95 cm3
- Thermal conductivity of the chemical elements on a miniature periodic table spark table Thermal conductivity: 50 W m‑1 K‑1
Arsenic: heat properties
- Melting point on a miniature periodic table spark table Melting point: 1090 [817 °C (1503 °F)] (under pressure) K
- Boiling point on a miniature periodic table spark table Boiling point: 887 [614 °C (1137 °F)] (sublimes) K
- Enthalpy of fusion on a miniature periodic table spark table Enthalpy of fusion: 20.5 kJ mol-1
Arsenic: atom sizes
- Atomic radius (empirical) of the chemical elements on a miniature periodic table spark table Atomic radius (empirical): 115 pm
- Covalent (single bond) radius on a periodic table spark table Molecular single bond covalent radius: 121 (coordination number 3) ppm
- van der Waals radius on a periodic table spark table van der Waals radius: 188 ppm
Arsenic: electronegativities
- Pauling electronegativity of the chemical elements on a miniature periodic table spark table Pauling electronegativity: 2.18 (Pauling units)
- Allred-Rochow electronegativity of the chemical elements on a miniature periodic table spark tableAllred Rochow electronegativity: 2.20 (Pauling units)
- Mulliken-Jaffe electronegativity of the chemical elements on a miniature periodic table spark tableMulliken-Jaffe electronegativity: 2.26 (20% s orbital)
Arsenic: orbital properties
- First ionization energy the chemical elements on a miniature periodic table spark table First ionisation energy: 944.45 kJ mol‑1
- Second ionization energy the chemical elements on a miniature periodic table spark table Second ionisation energy: 1793.58 kJ mol‑1
- Third ionization energy the chemical elements on a miniature periodic table spark table Third ionisation energy: 2735.3 kJ mol‑1
Arsenic: abundances
- Chemical elements abundance by weight in the universe on a miniature periodic table spark tableUniverse: 8 ppb by weight
- Chemical elements abundance by weight in the earth's crust on a miniature periodic table spark tableCrustal rocks: 2100 ppb by weight
- Chemical elements abundance by weight in humans on a miniature periodic table spark tableHuman: 50 ppb by weight
Arsenic: crystal structure
Arsenic: biological data
- Human abundance by weight of the chemical elements on a miniature periodic table spark table Human abundance by weight: 50 ppb by weight
Arsenic, despite its poisonous reputation, may be a necessary ultratrace element for humans. It is a necessary ultratrace element for red algae, chickens, rats, goats, and pigs. A deficiency results in inhibited growth.
Arsenic: uses
Arsenic: reactions
Reactions of arsenic as the element with air, water, halogens, acids, and bases where known.
Arsenic: binary compounds
Binary compounds with halogens (known as halides), oxygen (known as oxides), hydrogen (known as hydrides), and other compounds of arsenic where known.
Arsenic: compound properties
Bond strengths; lattice energies of arsenic halides, hydrides, oxides (where known); and reduction potentials where known.
Arsenic: history
Arsenic was discovered by known since ancient times in unknown at not known. Origin of name: from the Greek word "arsenikon" meaning "yellow orpiment".Arsenic: isotopes
Arsenic: isolation
Isolation: it is not usually necessary to make arsenic in the laboratory as it is commercially available. Arsenic is found in nature in a number of minerals including realgar (As4S4), orpiment (As2S3), arsenolite (As2O3), and iron minerals such as arsenopyrite (FeAsS) and loellingite (FeAs2). Arsenic is made on an industrial scale by heating appropriate minerals in the absence of air. The arsenic is condensed out as a solid.
FeAsS (700°C) → FeS + As(g) → As(s)