- 🇬🇧 Neon
- 🇺🇦 Неон
- 🇨🇳 氖
- 🇳🇱 Neon
- 🇫🇷 Néon
- 🇩🇪 Neon
- 🇮🇱 ניאון
- 🇮🇹 Neo
- 🇯🇵 ネオン
- 🇵🇹 Néon
- 🇪🇸 Neón
- 🇸🇪 Neon
- 🇷🇺 Неон
- Name: neon
- Symbol: Ne
- Atomic number: 10
- Relative atomic mass (Ar): 20.1797 (6) g, m [see notes g m]
- Standard state: gas at 298 K
- Appearance: colourless
- Classification: Non-metallic
- Group in periodic table: 18
- Group name: Noble gas
- Period in periodic table: 2
- Block in periodic table: p
- Shell structure: 2.8
- CAS Registry: 7440年01月9日
Neon atoms have 10 electrons and the shell structure is 2.8. The ground state electronic configuration of neutral neon is [He].2s2.2p6 and the term symbol of neon is 1S0.
Neon: description
Neon is a very inert element. Neon forms an unstable hydrate. In a vacuum discharge tube, neon glows reddish orange. Of all the rare gases, the discharge of neon is the most intense at ordinary voltages and currents. It is present in the atmosphere as 1 part in 65000.
Liquid neon has over 40 times more refrigerating capacity than liquid helium, and more than 3 times that of liquid hydrogen.
Neon: physical properties
- Density of the chemical elements on a miniature periodic table spark table Density of solid: 1444 kg m-3
- Molar volume of the chemical elements on a miniature periodic table spark table Molar volume: 13.23 cm3
- Thermal conductivity of the chemical elements on a miniature periodic table spark table Thermal conductivity: 0.0491 W m‑1 K‑1
Neon: heat properties
- Melting point on a miniature periodic table spark table Melting point: 24.56 [‑248.59 °C (‑415.46 °F)] K
- Boiling point on a miniature periodic table spark table Boiling point: 27.07 [‑246.08 °C (‑410.94 °F)] K
- Enthalpy of fusion on a miniature periodic table spark table Enthalpy of fusion: 20.5 kJ mol-1
Neon: atom sizes
- Atomic radius (empirical) of the chemical elements on a miniature periodic table spark table Atomic radius (empirical): (no data) pm
- Covalent (single bond) radius on a periodic table spark table Molecular single bond covalent radius: 67 (coordination number 1,2) ppm
- van der Waals radius on a periodic table spark table van der Waals radius: [ 158 ] ppm
Neon: electronegativities
- Pauling electronegativity of the chemical elements on a miniature periodic table spark table Pauling electronegativity: (no data) (Pauling units)
- Allred-Rochow electronegativity of the chemical elements on a miniature periodic table spark tableAllred Rochow electronegativity: 4.84 (Pauling units)
- Mulliken-Jaffe electronegativity of the chemical elements on a miniature periodic table spark tableMulliken-Jaffe electronegativity: 3.98 (12.5% s orbital)
Neon: orbital properties
- First ionization energy the chemical elements on a miniature periodic table spark table First ionisation energy: 2080.66 kJ mol‑1
- Second ionization energy the chemical elements on a miniature periodic table spark table Second ionisation energy: 3952.32 kJ mol‑1
- Third ionization energy the chemical elements on a miniature periodic table spark table Third ionisation energy: 6119.42 kJ mol‑1
Neon: abundances
- Chemical elements abundance by weight in the universe on a miniature periodic table spark tableUniverse: 1300000 ppb by weight
- Chemical elements abundance by weight in the earth's crust on a miniature periodic table spark tableCrustal rocks: 3.0 ppb by weight
- Chemical elements abundance by weight in humans on a miniature periodic table spark tableHuman: (no data) ppb by weight
Neon: crystal structure
Neon: biological data
- Human abundance by weight of the chemical elements on a miniature periodic table spark table Human abundance by weight: (no data) ppb by weight
Neon has no biological role.
Neon: uses
Neon: reactions
Reactions of neon as the element with air, water, halogens, acids, and bases where known.
Neon: binary compounds
Binary compounds with halogens (known as halides), oxygen (known as oxides), hydrogen (known as hydrides), and other compounds of neon where known.
Neon: compound properties
Bond strengths; lattice energies of neon halides, hydrides, oxides (where known); and reduction potentials where known.
Neon: history
Neon was discovered by Sir William Ramsay, Morris W. Travers in 1898 at London, England. Origin of name: from the Greek word "neon" meaning "new".Neon: isotopes
The three Neon isotopes are used for various purposes. Ne-22 is used for the production of the medical radioisotope Na-22. Ne-20 can be used for the production of F-18, although the route via O-18 is by far the most commonly used. Ne-21 has been used in Masers to study quantum physics.
Neon: isolation
Isolation: neon is present to a small extent in the atmosphere and is obtained as a byproduct from the liquefaction and separation of air. This would not normally be carried out in the laboratory and neon is available commercially in cylinders under pressure.