Komering language
| Komering | |
|---|---|
| Basa Kumoring باس كوموريڠ | |
| Pronunciation | [baˈsaku.mo.ɣiŋ] |
| Native to | Indonesia |
| Region | South Sumatra |
| Ethnicity | Komering |
Native speakers | (470,000 cited 2000 census)[1] |
Austronesian
| |
| Lampung (historical, mainly for Komering Hulu dialect)
Latin (present and majority) Komering (present and minority, mainly for Komering Ilir dialect) Jawi (present and minority) | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | kge |
| Glottolog | kome1238 |
| This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. | |
Komering is a Lampungic language spoken by the Komering people, an indigenous ethnic group native to Komering regions alongside the Komering River in South Sumatra, Indonesia.
Location
[edit ]Komering is spoken in Lampung Province and South Sumatra Province in southern Sumatra, along the Komering River.
Classification
[edit ]The Komering language belongs to the Lampungic branch, which is a subgroup within the Austronesian family.[2] [3]
Phonology
[edit ]Consonants
[edit ]| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||
| Plosive/ Affricate |
voiceless | p | t | tʃ | k | ʔ |
| voiced | b | d | dʒ | ɡ | ||
| Fricative | s | h | ||||
| Lateral | l | |||||
| Trill | r | |||||
| Approximant | w | j | ||||
A voiced fricative /z/ also occurs, but only as a result of foreign loanwords.
Vowels
[edit ]| Front | Central | Back |
|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u |
| Mid | o | |
| Open | a |
Vocabulary
[edit ]Examples of basic Komering words:[4]
| Komering (standard) | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Kayu | Tree |
| Habu | Ashes |
| Tanoh | World |
| Jukuk | Grass |
| Hatolui | Egg |
| Tolu | Three |
| Hujan | Rain |
| Hambur | To Steal |
| Tohlui | Egg |
| Pak | Four |
| Ganta | Now |
| Ompai | New |
| Sisu | Chicken |
| Manuk | Bird |
| Bunga | Flower |
| Punti | Banana |
| Punti Kayu | Papaya |
| Halimawong | Tiger |
| Iwak | Fish |
| Turui | Sleep |
| Batangari | River |
Alphabet
[edit ]
Currently, Komering uses Latin as the general writing system, but there are also a small number of people who still use Jawi Arabic letters. The Komering script was used in ancient times, now there are efforts to preserve this script again.
Sample text
[edit ]Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1
[edit ]| Latin | Kaunyin jolma tilahirko mardeka rik uwat pi'il rik hak-hak sai goh-goh. Tiyan tiunjuk akal pikiran rik hati nurani mari tiyan dapok nyampur rik sai barihna dilom semangat bukolpah. |
|---|---|
| Arabic | كأوݧين جولما تيلاحير كو مرديكا ريک اوت ڤيئيل ريک حق-حق سي گوه گوه. تيان تيئونجوک اكل ڤيكيرن ريک هاتي نوراني ماري تيان داڤوک ݧامڤور ريک سي باريه ن ديلوم سماڠت بوكولڤه.
|
| IPA | /kaʔuɲind͡ʒolmatilaˈhiɣkomaɣdekaɣiʔuwatpiʔilɣiʔhaʔ-haʔsaɪɡoh-ɡoh.tijantiʔund͡ʒuʔakalpikiˈɣanɣiʔhatinuɣanimaɣitijandapoʔɲampuɣɣiʔsaɪbaɣihnadiˈlomsəˈmaŋatbuˈkolpah./ |
Notes and references
[edit ]Sources
[edit ]- Adelaar, Alexander, The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar: A Historical Perspective, The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar, pp. 1–42, Routledge Language Family Series, Londres, Routledge, 2005, ISBN 0-7007-1286-0
- Walker, Dale F., A Lexical Study of Lampung Dialects , Miscellaneous Studies in Indonesian and Languages in Indonesia, Part I (editor: John W. M. Verhaar), NUSA Linguistic Studies in Indonesian and Languages of Indonesia, Volume 1, pp. 11–21, Jakarta, Badan Penyelenggara Seri NUSA, 1975.
- Walker, Dale F., A Grammar of the Lampung Language: the Pesisir Dialect of Way Lima , NUSA Linguistic Studies in Indonesian and Languages of Indonesia, Volume 2, Jakarta, Badan Penyelenggara Seri NUSA, 1976.
- Sofjan Abdurrahman, and Colin Yallop. A Brief Outline of Komering Phonology and Morphology , Miscellaneous studies in Indonesian and languages in Indonesia, Part VI (editor: Amran Halim), NUSA Linguistic Studies in Indonesian and Languages of Indonesia, Volume 7, pp. 11–18, Jakarta, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya, 1979.
See also
[edit ]
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