Devanagari (Unicode block)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
See also: Devanagari Extended (Unicode block), Devanagari Extended-A (Unicode block), and Vedic Extensions (Unicode block)
Unicode character block
| Devanagari | |
|---|---|
| Range | U+0900..U+097F (128 code points) |
| Plane | BMP |
| Scripts | Devanagari (122 char.) Common (2 char.) Inherited (4 char.) |
| Major alphabets | Hindi Sanskrit Marathi Nepali Rajasthani Bhojpuri |
| Assigned | 128 code points |
| Unused | 0 reserved code points |
| Source standards | ISCII |
| Unicode version history | |
| 1.0.0 (1991) | 104 (+104) |
| 4.0 (2003) | 105 (+1) |
| 4.1 (2005) | 106 (+1) |
| 5.0 (2006) | 110 (+4) |
| 5.1 (2008) | 112 (+2) |
| 5.2 (2009) | 117 (+5) |
| 6.0 (2010) | 127 (+10) |
| 7.0 (2014) | 128 (+1) |
| Unicode documentation | |
| Code chart ∣ Web page | |
| Note: [1] [2] | |
Devanagari is a Unicode block containing characters for writing languages such as Hindi, Marathi, Bhojpuri, Rajasthani, Bodo, Maithili, Sindhi, Nepali, and Sanskrit, among others. In its original incarnation, the code points U+0900..U+0954 were a direct copy of the characters A0-F4 from the 1988 ISCII standard. The Bengali, Gurmukhi, Gujarati, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, and Malayalam blocks were similarly all based on their ISCII encodings.
Block
[edit ]
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A
B
C
D
E
F
U+091x
ऐ
ऑ
ऒ
ओ
औ
क
ख
ग
घ
ङ
च
छ
ज
झ
ञ
ट
U+092x
ठ
ड
ढ
ण
त
थ
द
ध
न
ऩ
प
फ
ब
भ
म
य
U+093x
र
ऱ
ल
ळ
ऴ
व
श
ष
स
ह
ऺ
ऻ
़
ऽ
ा
ि
U+094x
ी
ु
ू
ृ
ॄ
ॅ
ॆ
े
ै
ॉ
ॊ
ो
ौ
्
ॎ
ॏ
U+095x
ॐ
॑
॒
॓
॔
ॕ
ॖ
ॗ
क़
ख़
ग़
ज़
ड़
ढ़
फ़
य़
U+097x
॰
ॱ
ॲ
ॳ
ॴ
ॵ
ॶ
ॷ
ॸ
ॹ
ॺ
ॻ
ॼ
ॽ
ॾ
ॿ
Notes
- 1.^ As of Unicode version 17.0
History
[edit ]The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Devanagari block:
| Version | Final code points[a] | Count | UTC ID | L2 ID | WG2 ID | Document |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0.0 | U+0901..0903, 0905..0939, 093C..094D, 0950..0954, 0958..0970 | 104 | X3L2/90-124 | N667 | "36. 36. Devanagari script", Minutes of SC2/WG2 Meeting 18 in Munich, 1990年11月12日 | |
| UTC/1991-056 | Whistler, Ken, Indic Charts: Devanagari, Bengali, Gurmukhi, Gujarati, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam | |||||
| UTC/1991-057 | Whistler, Ken, Indic names list | |||||
| UTC/1991-048B | Whistler, Ken (1991年03月27日), "III. L. Walk In proposals", Draft Minutes from the UTC meeting #46 day 2, 3/27 at Apple | |||||
| L2/99-235 | Nepali Font Standards - White Paper Version 2 | |||||
| UTC/1999-001 | L2/99-026 | Agenbroad, James E. (1999年01月27日), 3.0 Devanagari--Eyelash RA (3rd version) | ||||
| L2/99-046 | Becker, Joe (1999年02月04日), Specification of UTC Resolution on Eyelash RA | |||||
| L2/99-234 | N1999 | Proposal for Encoding Nepalese script in the ISO/IEC 10646, 1999年03月05日 | ||||
| L2/99-054R | Aliprand, Joan (1999年06月21日), "Eyelash RA and Eyelash RA (continued)", Approved Minutes from the UTC/L2 meeting in Palo Alto, February 3-5, 1999 | |||||
| N2055 | Ross, Hugh McGregor (1999年07月29日), Comment on Proposal for Nepalese Script | |||||
| L2/00-010 | N2103 | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2000年01月05日), "8.5", Minutes of WG 2 meeting 37, Copenhagen, Denmark: 1999年09月13日—16 | ||||
| L2/01-303 | Vikas, Om (2001年07月26日), Letter from the Government from India on "Draft for Unicode Standard for Indian Scripts" | |||||
| L2/01-304 | Feedback on Unicode Standard 3.0, 2001年08月02日 | |||||
| L2/01-305 | McGowan, Rick (2001年08月08日), Draft UTC Response to L2/01-304, "Feedback on Unicode Standard 3.0" | |||||
| L2/01-430R | McGowan, Rick (2001年11月20日), UTC Response to L2/01-304, "Feedback on Unicode Standard 3.0" | |||||
| L2/02-017 | Whistler, Ken (2002年01月14日), Character Properties for avagrahas, etc. | |||||
| L2/02-215 | N2466 | Sato, T. K. (2002年05月15日), Status in Nepal on n2055 (UK comment on encoding request for Nepali n1999-Nepal) | ||||
| L2/04-279 | Constable, Peter (2004年06月30日), Proposal on Clarification and Consolidation of the Function of ZERO WIDTH JOINER in Indic Scripts | |||||
| L2/04-328 | Leca, Antoine (2004年08月04日), Response to Public Review Issue #37 | |||||
| L2/04-418 | Muller, Eric (2004年11月18日), "PRI: script specific Indic dandas", Report of the Indic ad-hoc | |||||
| L2/04-361 | Moore, Lisa (2004年11月23日), "101-A101", UTC #101 Minutes | |||||
| L2/05-049 | Public Review Issue #59, Disunification of Dandas, 2005年01月28日 | |||||
| L2/05-055 | Muller, Eric (2005年01月29日), Comments on PRI 59: Script Specific Danda and Double Danda | |||||
| L2/05-147 | Muller, Eric (2005年05月11日), Comments on PRI 65: Devanagari Eyelash Ra | |||||
| L2/06-203 | Baums, Stefan (2006年05月14日), Latin Dandas | |||||
| L2/06-373 | Proposal for additional character, 2006年11月04日 | |||||
| L2/06-398 | Pandey, Anshuman (2006年12月15日), Comments on L2/06-373 (addition of 'apostrophe' to Devanagari) | |||||
| L2/08-086 | Danda Guidelines Draft, 2008年01月30日 | |||||
| L2/08-118R | N3457 (pdf, doc) | Criteria for the encoding of script-specific dandas, 2008年03月02日 | ||||
| L2/08-197 | Representation of Bodo, Dogri and Maithili languages in Unicode Standard, 2008年05月06日 | |||||
| L2/08-210 | Lata, Swaran (2008年05月07日), Usage examples for Bodo, Dogri, Maithili tone marker | |||||
| L2/09-340 | Sharma, Shriramana (2009年10月09日), Request for change of annotation of 0951 Devanagari Stress Sign Udatta | |||||
| L2/09-423 | Sharma, Shriramana (2009年11月01日), Request for an annotation for the generic Indic danda-s | |||||
| L2/10-015R | Moore, Lisa (2010年02月09日), "Consensus 122-C24", UTC #122 / L2 #219 Minutes, Change the script of U+0970 DEVANAGARI ABBREVIATION SIGN to Devanagari for Unicode 6.0. | |||||
| L2/10-167 | Anderson, Deborah; McGowan, Rick; Whistler, Ken (2010年05月05日), "4", Review of Indic-related L2 documents and Recommendations to the UTC | |||||
| L2/12-029 | Whistler, Ken (2012年01月26日), Error in ScriptExtensions.txt (Takri use of dandas) | |||||
| L2/12-106 | Sharma, Shriramana (2012年03月17日), "Generic Indic", Request for editorial updates to various Indic scripts | |||||
| L2/12-147 | Anderson, Deborah; McGowan, Rick; Whistler, Ken (2012年04月25日), "I. INDIC", Review of Indic-related L2 documents and Recommendations to the UTC | |||||
| L2/12-164 | Sharma, Shriramana (2012年05月02日), "Devanagari", Further editorial updates for Indic | |||||
| L2/13-202 | McGowan, Rick (2013年11月01日), "Dandas need more scripts in ScriptExtensions.txt", Comments on Public Review Issues (July 30 - Oct 31, 2013) | |||||
| L2/13-224 | Pournader, Roozbeh (2013年11月07日), Samples for usage of dandas in Gujarati, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, and Tamil | |||||
| L2/17-424 | A, Srinidhi; A, Sridatta (2017年12月08日), Changes to ScriptExtensions.txt for Indic characters for Unicode 11.0 | |||||
| L2/18-039 | Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; Pournader, Roozbeh; Moore, Lisa; Liang, Hai; Cook, Richard (2018年01月19日), "ScriptExtensions.txt changes for Indic", Recommendations to UTC #154 January 2018 on Script Proposals | |||||
| L2/18-007 | Moore, Lisa (2018年03月19日), "Action item 154-A120", UTC #154 Minutes, Make script extension changes in version 11.0 as documented in section 6B, pages 6-9 of L2/18-039. | |||||
| L2/19-054 | Pournader, Roozbeh (2019年01月11日), Feedback on Properties | |||||
| L2/19-047 | Anderson, Deborah; et al. (2019年01月13日), "29. PROPERTIES", Recommendations to UTC #158 January 2019 on Script Proposals | |||||
| L2/19-008 | Moore, Lisa (2019年02月08日), "Consensus 158-C21", UTC #158 Minutes, Change the script property of U+0953 DEVANAGARI GRAVE ACCENT and U+0954 DEVANAGARI ACUTE ACCENT from "Devanagari" to "Inherited", for Unicode version 12.0. | |||||
| L2/20-055 | Pournader, Roozbeh (2020年01月16日), Proposed sequences for composition exclusions | |||||
| L2/20-015R | Moore, Lisa (2020年05月14日), "B.13.1.1 Proposed sequences for composition exclusions", Draft Minutes of UTC Meeting 162 | |||||
| 4.0 | U+0904 | 1 | L2/01-431R [b] | McGowan, Rick (2001年11月08日), Actions for UTC and Editorial Committee in response to L2/01-430R | ||
| L2/01-405R | Moore, Lisa (2001年12月12日), "Consensus 89-C19", Minutes from the UTC/L2 meeting in Mountain View, November 6-9, 2001, Accept the twelve Indic characters with names and coding positions as documented in L2/01-431R | |||||
| L2/02-117 | N2425 | McGowan, Rick (2002年03月21日), Additional Characters for Indic Scripts | ||||
| L2/17-425 | A, Srinidhi; A, Sridatta (2017年12月08日), Request to annotate DEVANAGARI LETTER SHORT A | |||||
| L2/18-039 | Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; Pournader, Roozbeh; Moore, Lisa; Liang, Hai; Cook, Richard (2018年01月19日), "b. SHORT A", Recommendations to UTC #154 January 2018 on Script Proposals | |||||
| L2/18-115 | Moore, Lisa (2018年05月09日), "D.3.2", UTC #155 Minutes | |||||
| 4.1 | U+097D | 1 | L2/02-394 | N2543 | Constable, Peter; Smith, Steve (2002年11月01日), Proposal for Encoding Devanagari Glottal Stop | |
| 5.0 | U+097B..097C, 097E..097F | 4 | L2/02-402 | Bhaskararao, Peri (2002年12月20日), Comments on Revision of Unicode Standard 3.0 for Devanagari Script | ||
| L2/03-102 | Vikas, Om (2003年03月04日), Unicode Standard for Indic Scripts | |||||
| L2/03-101.2 | Proposed Changes in Indic Scripts [Devanagari document], 2003年03月04日 | |||||
| L2/05-063 | Vikas, Om (2005年02月07日), "Awaiting Updates-Devanagari", Issues in Representation of Indic Scripts in Unicode | |||||
| L2/05-070 | McGowan, Rick (2005年02月09日), Indic ad hoc report | |||||
| L2/05-082 | N2934 | Everson, Michael (2005年03月30日), Proposal to add four characters for Sindhi to the BMP of the UCS | ||||
| L2/05-026 | Moore, Lisa (2005年05月16日), "Scripts - Indic (C.12)", UTC #102 Minutes | |||||
| L2/05-108R | Moore, Lisa (2005年08月26日), "Additional Sindhi Characters (C.3)", UTC #103 Minutes | |||||
| L2/05-279 | Moore, Lisa (2005年11月10日), "Motion 105-M3", UTC #105 Minutes | |||||
| N2953 (pdf, doc) | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2006年02月16日), "7.4.1", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 47, Sophia Antipolis, France; 2005年09月12日/15 | |||||
| 5.1 | U+0971 | 1 | L2/06-137 | N3111, N3125 | Kew, Jonathan; Smith, Steve (2006年04月20日), Proposal to encode Devanagari Sign High Spacing Dot | |
| L2/06-108 | Moore, Lisa (2006年05月25日), "Devanagari (C.1)", UTC #107 Minutes | |||||
| N3153 (pdf, doc) | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2007年02月16日), "M49.5b", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 49 AIST, Akihabara, Tokyo, Japan; 2006年09月25日/29 | |||||
| U+0972 | 1 | L2/07-027 | Constable, Peter (2007年01月23日), Encoded Representation of Devanagari Candra A | |||
| L2/07-015 | Moore, Lisa (2007年02月08日), "Devanagari Candra A (C.18)", UTC #110 Minutes | |||||
| N3249 | Proposal to Encode Devanagari Letter Candra A in the UCS [originally N2809], 2007年04月20日 | |||||
| L2/07-133 | Constable, Peter (2007年04月30日), Proposal to Encode Devanagari Letter Candra A in the UCS | |||||
| L2/07-268 | N3253 (pdf, doc) | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2007年07月26日), "M50.1", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 50, Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany; 2007年04月24日/27 | ||||
| 5.2 | U+0900, 094E, 0955, 0979..097A | 5 | L2/00-155 | Moore, Lisa (2000年05月31日), Comments on Encoding Vedic Accents Proposal | ||
| L2/03-066 | New Proposal for Vedic Characters and Symbols, 2003年02月26日 | |||||
| L2/03-067 | Joshi, R. K. (2003年02月27日), Vedic Code Set; a draft | |||||
| L2/04-398 | Proposal to encode Vedic accents, etc., 2004年11月12日 | |||||
| L2/05-228 | Muller, Eric (2005年08月11日), Analysis of a TDIL proposal for Vedic | |||||
| L2/06-185 | Proposal for Encoding of Vedic Characters & Symbols in Unicode, 2006年05月10日 | |||||
| L2/06-384 | Lata, Swaran (2006年10月25日), Letter from T. N. Dharmadhikari in support of Vedic repertoire | |||||
| L2/07-060 | Scharf, Peter (2007年02月02日), Vedic Unicode Workshop Report | |||||
| L2/07-095R | N3235R | Everson, Michael; Scharf, Peter; Angot, Michel; Chandrashekar, R.; Hyman, Malcolm; Rosenfield, Susan; Sastry, B. V. Venkatakrishna; Witzel, Michael (2007年04月13日), Proposal to encode characters for Vedic Sanskrit in the BMP of the UCS | ||||
| L2/07-230 | N3290 | Everson, Michael; Scharf, Peter; Angot, Michel; Chandrashekar, R.; Hyman, Malcolm; Rosenfield, Susan; Sastry, B. V. Venkatakrishna; Witzel, Michael (2007年07月26日), Revised proposal to encode characters for Vedic Sanskrit in the BMP of the UCS | ||||
| L2/07-254 | Bhushan, E. K. Bharat (2007年08月01日), Unicode for Vedic Sanskrit (letter to Mark Davis) | |||||
| L2/07-262 | Scharf, Peter (2007年08月07日), Outline of the development of WG2/n3290 = L2/07-230 | |||||
| L2/07-271 | Scharf, Peter (2007年08月08日), Comparison of proposed characters in Lata 2006 (L2/06-185) with Scharf and Everson WG2/n3290 (L2/07-230) | |||||
| L2/07-272 | Muller, Eric (2007年08月10日), "11", Report of the South Asia subcommittee | |||||
| L2/07-396 | Joshi, R. K.; Irani, Alka (2007年10月10日), Proposal for Encoding of Vaidika Character and Symbols in Unicode | |||||
| L2/07-386 | Joshi, R. K. (2007年10月17日), Comments on Comparison of proposed characters in Lata 2006 (L2/06-185) with Scharf and Everson WG2/n3290 (L2/07-230) | |||||
| L2/07-388 | Joshi, R. K. (2007年10月17日), Following observations have been made with reference to the document No. L2/07-095 dated: 2007年04月13日 | |||||
| L2/07-343 | N3366 | Everson, Michael; Scharf, Peter; Angot, Michel; Chandrashekar, R.; Hyman, Malcolm; Rosenfield, Susan; Sastry, B. V. Venkatakrishna; Witzel, Michael (2007年10月18日), Proposal to encode 55 characters for Vedic Sanskrit in the BMP of the UCS | ||||
| L2/07-394 | Scharf, Peter (2007年10月18日), Significant differences between L2/07-230 and L2/07-343 | |||||
| L2/07-395 | Joshi, R. K.; et al. (2007年10月18日), Request for feedback on draft proposal for encoding Vaidika characters and symbols in Unicode | |||||
| L2/07-397 | Joshi, R. K.; et al. (2007年10月18日), Vaidika Vowels and Consonants | |||||
| L2/07-400 | Scharf, Peter (2007年10月18日), Comments on R. K. Joshi's documents L2/07-386 and L2/07-388 | |||||
| L2/07-401 | Scharf, Peter (2007年10月18日), Equivalences between L2/07-396 and L2/07-343 | |||||
| L2/07-345 | Moore, Lisa (2007年10月25日), "Consensus 113-C19", UTC #113 Minutes | |||||
| L2/08-035 | Scharf, Peter; Rosenfield, Susan J. (2008年01月22日), Vedic Revisions 2008 Jan 14, Revisions to N3366 = L2/07-343 | |||||
| L2/08-042 | Joshi, R. K. (2008年01月23日), Proposal for Encoding of Vaidika Characters & Symbols in Unicode | |||||
| L2/08-043 | Joshi, R. K. (2008年01月28日), Vaidika Extensions A & B (Vedic evidence to accompany L2/08-042) | |||||
| L2/08-092 | N3385 | Everson, Michael; Scharf, Peter (2008年01月31日), Comparison between two Vedic proposals of January 2008 | ||||
| L2/08-097 | Amendments to L2/08-042, L2/08-043, 2008年01月31日 | |||||
| L2/08-050R | N3383R | Everson, Michael; Scharf, Peter (2008年03月06日), Summary proposal to encode characters for Vedic in the BMP of the UCS | ||||
| L2/08-096 | Joshi, R. K. (2008年02月02日), Comparison of L2/08-042 and L2/08-050 | |||||
| L2/08-110 | Muller, Eric (2008年02月08日), South Asia Subcommittee Report | |||||
| L2/08-003 | Moore, Lisa (2008年02月14日), "Vedic", UTC #114 Minutes | |||||
| L2/08-176 | N3456R | Anderson, Deborah (2008年04月18日), Summary of Vedic Characters based on N3385, N3383R, and the Unicode Pipeline | ||||
| L2/08-196 | Proposal for Encoding of Vaidika Sanskrit Characters & Symbols in the BMP of UCS, 2008年05月05日 | |||||
| L2/08-216 | Scharf, Peter (2008年05月08日), Comments on L2/08-196 regarding the encoding of Sanskrit and Vedic | |||||
| L2/08-294 | Scharf, Peter (2008年08月06日), Placement of characters in Vedic, Devanagari, and Devanagari Extended blocks | |||||
| L2/08-317 | Muller, Eric (2008年08月11日), "1.1", South Asia Subcommittee Report | |||||
| L2/08-318 | N3453 (pdf, doc) | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2008年08月13日), "M52.18", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 52 | ||||
| L2/08-253R2 | Moore, Lisa (2008年08月19日), "Vedic (B.15.2, E.1)", UTC #116 Minutes | |||||
| L2/08-273R3 | N3488R3 | Everson, Michael; Scharf, Peter (2008年08月21日), Proposal to encode two characters for Vedic in the UCS | ||||
| L2/08-412 | N3553 (pdf, doc) | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2008年11月05日), "M53.03", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 53 | ||||
| L2/09-067 | Lata, Swaran (2009年01月28日), Encoding of Vaidika Sanskrit Characters & Symbols in the BMP of UCS | |||||
| 6.0 | U+093A..093B, 094F, 0956..0957, 0973..0977 | 10 | L2/08-250 | N3480 | Everson, Michael; Satpute, Pravin (2006年07月03日), Proposal to add four characters for Kashmiri to the BMP | |
| L2/09-012 | Lata, Swaran (2009年01月07日), Encoding of additional characters in Unicode for representation of Kashmiri | |||||
| L2/09-311 | Lata, Swaran (2009年08月11日), Letter from Swaran Lata re Kashmiri Additions to Devanagari | |||||
| L2/09-389 | N3731 | Everson, Michael (2009年09月18日), Consensus on Kashmiri additions for Devanagari | ||||
| L2/09-369 | N3710 | Proposal to add Six characters in the Devanagari block for representation of Kashmiri language in Devanagari script, 2009年10月14日 | ||||
| L2/09-377 | N3725 | Pandey, Anshuman (2009年10月26日), Comments on India's Proposal to Add Devanagari Characters for Kashmiri (N3710 L2/09-369) | ||||
| N3703 (pdf, doc) | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2010年04月13日), "M55.7", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting no. 55, Tokyo 2009年10月26日/30 | |||||
| L2/09-403 | Pandey, Anshuman (2009年11月01日), Comments on 'Consensus on Kashmiri additions for Devanagari' (N3727 L2/09-389) | |||||
| L2/09-335R | Moore, Lisa (2009年11月10日), "Consensus 121-C15", UTC #121 / L2 #218 Minutes | |||||
| 7.0 | U+0978 | 1 | L2/11-042 | Anderson, Deborah; McGowan, Rick; Whistler, Ken (2011年02月02日), "3. Devanagari DDA", Review of Indic related L2 documents and Recommendations to the UTC | ||
| L2/11-016 | Moore, Lisa (2011年02月15日), "D.3.2", UTC #126 / L2 #223 Minutes | |||||
| L2/10-475R | N3970 | Pandey, Anshuman (2011年05月23日), Proposal to Encode the Marwari Letter DDA for Devanagari | ||||
| N4103 | "11.2.13 Marwari Letter DDA in Devanagari", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 58, 2012年01月03日 | |||||
See also
[edit ]References
[edit ]- ^ "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023年07月26日.
- ^ "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023年07月26日.