Dha (Javanese)

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ꦝ
dha
Aksara nglegena
Aksara pasangan
Javanese script
Latin orthography	dha
Phoneme	[ḍ]
Unicode	A99D

This article contains letters from the Javanese script. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Javanese characters.

ꦝ is a syllable in the Javanese script that represents the sounds /ɖɔ/, /ɖa/. It is transliterated to Latin as "dha", and sometimes in Indonesian orthography as "dho". It has another form (pasangan), which is ◌꧀ꦝ, but represented by a single Unicode code point, U+A99D.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Pasangan

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Its pasangan form ◌꧀ꦝ, is located on the bottom side of the previous syllable.

Murda

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The letter ꦝ doesn't have a murda form.

Mahaprana

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Mahaprana letters were originally aspirated consonants used in Sanskrit and Kawi transliterations. However, there are no aspirated consonants in modern Javanese. The mahaprana form of ꦝ is ꦞ.

Glyphs

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Nglegena forms				Pasangan forms
ꦝ dha	ꦝꦃ dhah	ꦝꦁ dhang	ꦝꦂ dhar	◌꧀ꦝ -dha	◌꧀ꦝꦃ -dhah	◌꧀ꦝꦁ -dhang	◌꧀ꦝꦂ -dhar
ꦝꦺ dhe	ꦝꦺꦃ dheh	ꦝꦺꦁ dheng	ꦝꦺꦂ dher	◌꧀ꦝꦺ -dhe	◌꧀ꦝꦺꦃ -dheh	◌꧀ꦝꦺꦁ -dheng	◌꧀ꦝꦺꦂ -dher
ꦝꦼ dhê	ꦝꦼꦃ dhêh	ꦝꦼꦁ dhêng	ꦝꦼꦂ dhêr	◌꧀ꦝꦼ -dhê	◌꧀ꦝꦼꦃ -dhêh	◌꧀ꦝꦼꦁ -dhêng	◌꧀ꦝꦼꦂ -dhêr
ꦝꦶ dhi	ꦝꦶꦃ dhih	ꦝꦶꦁ dhing	ꦝꦶꦂ dhir	◌꧀ꦝꦶ -dhi	◌꧀ꦝꦶꦃ -dhih	◌꧀ꦝꦶꦁ -dhing	◌꧀ꦝꦶꦂ -dhir
ꦝꦺꦴ dho	ꦝꦺꦴꦃ dhoh	ꦝꦺꦴꦁ dhong	ꦝꦺꦴꦂ dhor	◌꧀ꦝꦺꦴ -dho	◌꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦃ -dhoh	◌꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦁ -dhong	◌꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦂ -dhor
ꦝꦸ dhu	ꦝꦸꦃ dhuh	ꦝꦸꦁ dhung	ꦝꦸꦂ dhur	◌꧀ꦝꦸ -dhu	◌꧀ꦝꦸꦃ -dhuh	◌꧀ꦝꦸꦁ -dhung	◌꧀ꦝꦸꦂ -dhur
ꦝꦿ dhra	ꦝꦿꦃ dhrah	ꦝꦿꦁ dhrang	ꦝꦿꦂ dhrar	◌꧀ꦝꦿ -dhra	◌꧀ꦝꦿꦃ -dhrah	◌꧀ꦝꦿꦁ -dhrang	◌꧀ꦝꦿꦂ -dhrar
ꦝꦿꦺ dhre	ꦝꦿꦺꦃ dhreh	ꦝꦿꦺꦁ dhreng	ꦝꦿꦺꦂ dhrer	◌꧀ꦝꦿꦺ -dhre	◌꧀ꦝꦿꦺꦃ -dhreh	◌꧀ꦝꦿꦺꦁ -dhreng	◌꧀ꦝꦿꦺꦂ -dhrer
ꦝꦽ dhrê	ꦝꦽꦃ dhrêh	ꦝꦽꦁ dhrêng	ꦝꦽꦂ dhrêr	◌꧀ꦝꦽ -dhrê	◌꧀ꦝꦽꦃ -dhrêh	◌꧀ꦝꦽꦁ -dhrêng	◌꧀ꦝꦽꦂ -dhrêr
ꦝꦿꦶ dhri	ꦝꦿꦶꦃ dhrih	ꦝꦿꦶꦁ dhring	ꦝꦿꦶꦂ dhrir	◌꧀ꦝꦿꦶ -dhri	◌꧀ꦝꦿꦶꦃ -dhrih	◌꧀ꦝꦿꦶꦁ -dhring	◌꧀ꦝꦿꦶꦂ -dhrir
ꦝꦿꦺꦴ dhro	ꦝꦿꦺꦴꦃ dhroh	ꦝꦿꦺꦴꦁ dhrong	ꦝꦿꦺꦴꦂ dhror	◌꧀ꦝꦿꦺꦴ -dhro	◌꧀ꦝꦿꦺꦴꦃ -dhroh	◌꧀ꦝꦿꦺꦴꦁ -dhrong	◌꧀ꦝꦿꦺꦴꦂ -dhror
ꦝꦿꦸ dhru	ꦝꦿꦸꦃ dhruh	ꦝꦿꦸꦁ dhrung	ꦝꦿꦸꦂ dhrur	◌꧀ꦝꦿꦸ -dhru	◌꧀ꦝꦿꦸꦃ -dhruh	◌꧀ꦝꦿꦸꦁ -dhrung	◌꧀ꦝꦿꦸꦂ -dhrur
ꦝꦾ dhya	ꦝꦾꦃ dhyah	ꦝꦾꦁ dhyang	ꦝꦾꦂ dhyar	◌꧀ꦝꦾ -dhya	◌꧀ꦝꦾꦃ -dhyah	◌꧀ꦝꦾꦁ -dhyang	◌꧀ꦝꦾꦂ -dhyar
ꦝꦾꦺ dhye	ꦝꦾꦺꦃ dhyeh	ꦝꦾꦺꦁ dhyeng	ꦝꦾꦺꦂ dhyer	◌꧀ꦝꦾꦺ -dhye	◌꧀ꦝꦾꦺꦃ -dhyeh	◌꧀ꦝꦾꦺꦁ -dhyeng	◌꧀ꦝꦾꦺꦂ -dhyer
ꦝꦾꦼ dhyê	ꦝꦾꦼꦃ dhyêh	ꦝꦾꦼꦁ dhyêng	ꦝꦾꦼꦂ dhyêr	◌꧀ꦝꦾꦼ -dhyê	◌꧀ꦝꦾꦼꦃ -dhyêh	◌꧀ꦝꦾꦼꦁ -dhyêng	◌꧀ꦝꦾꦼꦂ -dhyêr
ꦝꦾꦶ dhyi	ꦝꦾꦶꦃ dhyih	ꦝꦾꦶꦁ dhying	ꦝꦾꦶꦂ dhyir	◌꧀ꦝꦾꦶ -dhyi	◌꧀ꦝꦾꦶꦃ -dhyih	◌꧀ꦝꦾꦶꦁ -dhying	◌꧀ꦝꦾꦶꦂ -dhyir
ꦝꦾꦺꦴ dhyo	ꦝꦾꦺꦴꦃ dhyoh	ꦝꦾꦺꦴꦁ dhyong	ꦝꦾꦺꦴꦂ dhyor	◌꧀ꦝꦾꦺꦴ -dhyo	◌꧀ꦝꦾꦺꦴꦃ -dhyoh	◌꧀ꦝꦾꦺꦴꦁ -dhyong	◌꧀ꦝꦾꦺꦴꦂ -dhyor
ꦝꦾꦸ dhyu	ꦝꦾꦸꦃ dhyuh	ꦝꦾꦸꦁ dhyung	ꦝꦾꦸꦂ dhyur	◌꧀ꦝꦾꦸ -dhyu	◌꧀ꦝꦾꦸꦃ -dhyuh	◌꧀ꦝꦾꦸꦁ -dhyung	◌꧀ꦝꦾꦸꦂ -dhyur

Unicode block

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Main article: Javanese (Unicode block)

Javanese script was added to the Unicode Standard in October, 2009 with the release of version 5.2.

Javanese ^[1]^[2]
Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F

U+A98x ꦀ ꦁ ꦂ ꦃ ꦄ ꦅ ꦆ ꦇ ꦈ ꦉ ꦊ ꦋ ꦌ ꦍ ꦎ ꦏ

U+A99x ꦐ ꦑ ꦒ ꦓ ꦔ ꦕ ꦖ ꦗ ꦘ ꦙ ꦚ ꦛ ꦜ ꦝ ꦞ ꦟ

U+A9Ax ꦠ ꦡ ꦢ ꦣ ꦤ ꦥ ꦦ ꦧ ꦨ ꦩ ꦪ ꦫ ꦬ ꦭ ꦮ ꦯ

U+A9Bx ꦰ ꦱ ꦲ ꦳ ꦴ ꦵ ꦶ ꦷ ꦸ ꦹ ꦺ ꦻ ꦼ ꦽ ꦾ ꦿ

U+A9Cx ꧀ ꧁ ꧂ ꧃ ꧄ ꧅ ꧆ ꧇ ꧈ ꧉ ꧊ ꧋ ꧌ ꧍ ꧏ

U+A9Dx ꧐ ꧑ ꧒ ꧓ ꧔ ꧕ ꧖ ꧗ ꧘ ꧙ ꧞ ꧟

Notes

1.^ As of Unicode version 16.0

2.^ Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points

References

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^ Campbell, George L. Compendium of the World's Languages. Vol. 1. New York: Routledge, 2000.
^ Soemarmo, Marmo. "Javanese Script." Ohio Working Papers in Linguistics and Language Teaching 14.Winter (1995): 69-103.
^ Daniels, Peter T and William Bright. The World's Writing Systems. Ed. Peter T Daniels and William Bright. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.

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Javanese language

Overviews

Javanese script

Development

Scripts

Notable variant

Standardized	Kawi Modern Standard Javanese
Regional dialects	Arekan Malang Surabaya Bantenese Banyumasan Cirebon Mataraman Madiunan Semarangan Surakarta Yogyakarta New Caledonian Surinamese Osing Tenggerese

Letters of the Javanese script
Nglegena consonants	Ha (ꦲ) Na (ꦤ) Ca (ꦕ) Ra (ꦫ) Ka (ꦏ) Da (ꦢ) Ta (ꦠ) Sa (ꦱ) Wa (ꦮ) La (ꦭ) Pa (ꦥ) Dha (ꦢ) Ja (ꦗ) Ya (ꦪ) Nya (ꦚ) Ma (ꦩ) Ga (ꦒ) Ba (ꦧ) Tha (ꦛ) Nga (ꦔ)
Murda consonants	Ka murda (ꦑ) Ga murda (ꦓ) Na murda (ꦟ) Ta murda (ꦡ) Pa murda (ꦦ) Ba murda (ꦨ) Sa murda (ꦯ) Seldom used: Ca murda (ꦖ) Nya murda (ꦘ)
Extended consonants	Often used: Pa cerek (ꦉ) Nga lelet (ꦊ) Seldom used: Nga lelet Raswadi (ꦋ) Ra agung (ꦬ) Ka sasak (ꦐ) Ja mahaprana (ꦙ) Tha mahaprana (ꦜ) Dha mahaprana (ꦞ) Da mahaprana (ꦣ) Sa mahaprana (ꦰ)
Final and Medial Consonants	Cecak (ꦁ) Layar (ꦂ) Wignyan/visarga (ꦃ) Cakra (ꦿ) Cakra keret (ꦽ) Pengkal (ꦾ) Pangkon/virama (꧀)
Vowels	Wulu (ꦶ) Suku (ꦸ) Pepet (ꦼ) Taling (ꦺ) Tarung (ꦴ) Tolong (ꦵ) Dirga mure (ꦻ) Wulu melik (ꦷ) Suku mendut (ꦹ) Foreign: A (ꦄ) I (ꦆ) U (ꦈ) E (ꦌ) Ai (ꦍ) O (ꦎ)
Numbers	0 (꧐) 1 (꧑) 2 (꧒) 3 (꧓) 4 (꧔) 5 (꧕) 6 (꧖) 7 (꧗) 8 (꧘) 9 (꧙) Pada pangkat (꧇)
Punctuations	Pada lingsa (꧈) Pada lungsi (꧉) Pada adeg (꧊) Pada adeg-adeg (꧋) Pada piseleh (꧌ and ꧍) Pada luhur (꧅) Pada madya (꧄) Pada andhap (꧃) Pada tirta tumetes (꧞) Pada isen-isen (꧟) Pada windu (꧆) Pangrangkep (ꧏ) Cecak telu (꦳) Panyangga (ꦀ) Rerenggan (꧁ and ꧂)