CSS 段組みレイアウト

<article>
 <div class="title">
 <h1>A Lament for Confederation</h1>
 <p>&mdash;Chief Dan George, 1967</p>
 </div>
 <p>
 How long have I known you, Oh Canada? A hundred years? Yes, a hundred years.
 And many, many tides more. And today, when you celebrate your hundred years,
 Oh Canada, I am sad for all the Indian people throughout the land.
 </p>
 <p>
 For I have known you when your forests were mine; when they gave me my meat
 and my clothing. I have known you in your fruits and rivers where your fish
 flashed and danced in the sun, where the waters said 'come and eat of my
 abundance.' I have known you in the freedom of your winds. And my spirit,
 like your winds, once roamed this good lands.
 </p>
 <blockquote>
 <p>
 But in long the hundred years since the white man came, I have seen that
 freedom disappear just like the salmon going mysteriously out to sea.
 </p>
 </blockquote>
 <p>
 The white man's strange customs I could not understand, pressed down upon me
 until I could no longer breathe.
 </p>
 <p>
 When I fought to protect my home and my land, I was called a savage. When I
 neither understood nor welcomed this new way of life, I was called lazy.
 When I tried to rule my people, I was stripped of my authority.
 </p>
 <p>
 My nation was ignored in your history textbooks – we were less important in
 the history of Canada than the buffalo that ranged the plains. I was
 ridiculed in your plays and motion pictures, and when I drank your
 fire-water, I got drunk – very, very drunk. And I forgot.
 </p>
 <p>
 Oh Canada, how can I celebrate with you this centenary, this hundred years?
 Shall I thank you for the reserves that are left me of my beautiful forests?
 Shall I thank you for the canned fish of my rivers? Shall I thank you for
 the loss of my pride and authority, even among my own people? For the lack
 of my will to fight back? No! I must forget what is past and gone.
 </p>
 <p>
 Oh God in heaven! Give me the courage of the olden chiefs. Let me wrestle
 with my surroundings. Let me once again, as in the days of old, dominate my
 environment. Let me humbly accept this new culture and through it rise up
 and go on.
 </p>
 <p>
 Oh god, like the thunderbird of old, I shall rise again out of the sea. I
 shall grab the instruments of the white man's success – his education, his
 skills, and with these new tools I shall build my race into the proudest
 segment of your society. And, before I follow the great chiefs who have gone
 before us, I shall see these things come to pass.
 </p>
 <p>
 I shall see our young braves and our chiefs sitting in the house of law and
 government, ruling and being ruled by the knowledge and freedoms of our
 great land. So shall we shatter the barriers of our isolation. So shall the
 next hundred years be the greatest in the proud history of our tribes and
 nations.
 </p>
</article>
<fieldset id="options" class="open">
 <legend>
 <button aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="controls">
 段のオプション
 </button>
 </legend>
 <div id="controls">
 <p>
 <input type="range" min="0" max="5" value="5" id="colCount" />
 <label for="colCount">段の最大数</label>
 </p>
 <p>
 <input type="range" min="2" max="40" value="10" step="2" id="colWidth" />
 <label for="colWidth">段の最小幅</label>
 </p>
 <p>
 <input type="range" min="0" max="10" value="1" step="0.5" id="gapSize" />
 <label for="gapSize">段間</label>
 </p>
 <p>
 <input type="checkbox" checked id="colSpan" />
 <label for="colSpan">署名欄をすべての段にまたがらせる</label>
 </p>
 <p>
 <input type="checkbox" id="blockSpan" />
 <label for="blockSpan">引用をすべての段にまたがらせる</label>
 </p>
 <p>
 <input type="checkbox" id="colFill" />
 <label for="colFill">段のバランスをとる</label>
 </p>
 <p>
 <input type="checkbox" id="break" />
 <label for="break">段落を分割しない</label>
 </p>
 </div>
</fieldset>

const page = document.querySelector("article");
const title = document.querySelector(".title");
const options = document.querySelector("#options");
const legend = document.querySelector("#options > legend");
const legendBtn = document.querySelector("#options > legend > button");
const blockquote = document.getElementsByTagName("blockquote")[0];
const colCount = document.getElementById("colCount");
const colWidth = document.getElementById("colWidth");
const gapSize = document.getElementById("gapSize");
const colSpan = document.getElementById("colSpan");
const blockSpan = document.getElementById("blockSpan");
const colFill = document.getElementById("colFill");
const breakP = document.getElementById("break");
// JS が有効である場合にオプションが見えるようにする
options.style.display = "revert";
legendBtn.addEventListener("click", () => {
 showAndHideMenu();
});
colCount.addEventListener("change", () => {
 page.style.columnCount = colCount.value;
});
colWidth.addEventListener("change", () => {
 page.style.columnWidth = `${colWidth.value}em`;
});
gapSize.addEventListener("change", () => {
 page.style.gap = `${gapSize.value}em`;
});
colSpan.addEventListener("change", () => {
 setColSpan(colSpan, title);
});
blockSpan.addEventListener("change", () => {
 setColSpan(blockSpan, blockquote);
});
colFill.addEventListener("change", () => {
 if (colFill.checked) {
 page.style.columnFill = "balance";
 } else {
 page.style.columnFill = "auto";
 }
});
breakP.addEventListener("change", () => {
 if (breakP.checked) {
 page.classList.add("breakInside");
 } else {
 page.classList.remove("breakInside");
 }
});
function showAndHideMenu() {
 if (legendBtn.getAttribute("aria-expanded") === "true") {
 // 閉じる
 legendBtn.setAttribute("aria-expanded", "false");
 legend.classList.add("closed");
 legend.classList.remove("open");
 } else {
 // 開く
 legendBtn.setAttribute("aria-expanded", "true");
 legend.classList.remove("closed");
 legend.classList.add("open");
 }
}
function setColSpan(control, element) {
 if (control.checked) {
 element.style.columnSpan = "all";
 } else {
 element.style.columnSpan = "none";
 }
}

article {
 column-count: 5;
 column-width: 8em;
 widows: 3;
 orphans: 3;
 gap: 1em;
 column-rule: 2px dashed #666666;
 height: 50em;
}
.title {
 column-span: all;
 display: flex;
 align-items: baseline;
 gap: 1em;
 flex-wrap: wrap;
}
p {
 margin: 0 0 1em 0;
 line-height: 1.4;
}
.breakInside * {
 break-inside: avoid;
}
#options {
 position: fixed;
 top: 1rem;
 right: 1rem;
 background: white;
 display: none;
}
fieldset p {
 margin-bottom: 0.25em;
}
legend {
 position: relative;
 top: 0;
 transition: 200ms;
}
legend.closed {
 top: 0.75em;
}
legend.closed + #controls {
 display: none;
}
legend {
 background-color: #dedede;
 padding: 0.5em;
}
legend > button {
 all: unset;
 cursor: pointer;
}
legend.closed {
 margin: -1em;
 display: inline-block;
}
blockquote {
 border: 2px dashed red;
 margin: 0 0 0.25em 0;
}
blockquote p {
 margin-bottom: 0;
}
blockquote p::before,
blockquote p::after {
 content: '"';
 font-size: 1.2em;
 vertical-align: baseline;
 color: red;
}

メモ: 段組みレイアウトは、文書全体が印刷ページに分割されるように行ボックスに分割することから、ページメディアに密接に関連します。従って、 CSS 断片化仕様書に定義されているプロパティが、段間のコンテンツの区切り位置を制御するために必要になりました。

メモ: コンテナーの高さと行の長さを設定すると、視覚障碍や認知障碍のある方にとって操作が困難になる場合があることにご注意ください。 WCAG 達成基準 1.4.8 では、テキストサイズが 2 倍になっても、コンテンツをスクロールする必要がなくなるようにすべきであると規定されています。

MDN の改良に協力

このページは MDN の貢献者によって 2026年6月30日 に最終更新されました。