pandas.DataFrame.unstack#

DataFrame.unstack(level=-1, fill_value=None, sort=True)[source] #

Pivot a level of the (necessarily hierarchical) index labels.

Returns a DataFrame having a new level of column labels whose inner-most level consists of the pivoted index labels.

If the index is not a MultiIndex, the output will be a Series (the analogue of stack when the columns are not a MultiIndex).

Parameters:

levelint, str, or list of these, default -1 (last level)

Level(s) of index to unstack, can pass level name.

fill_valueint, str or dict

Replace NaN with this value if the unstack produces missing values.

sortbool, default True

Sort the level(s) in the resulting MultiIndex columns.

Returns:

Series or DataFrame

See also

DataFrame.pivot

Pivot a table based on column values.

DataFrame.stack

Pivot a level of the column labels (inverse operation from unstack).

Notes

Reference the user guide for more examples.

Examples

>>> index = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([('one', 'a'), ('one', 'b'),
...  ('two', 'a'), ('two', 'b')])
>>> s = pd.Series(np.arange(1.0, 5.0), index=index)
>>> s
one a 1.0
 b 2.0
two a 3.0
 b 4.0
dtype: float64

>>> s.unstack(level=-1)
 a b
one 1.0 2.0
two 3.0 4.0

>>> s.unstack(level=0)
 one two
a 1.0 3.0
b 2.0 4.0

>>> df = s.unstack(level=0)
>>> df.unstack()
one a 1.0
 b 2.0
two a 3.0
 b 4.0
dtype: float64