aptitude buld-dep

sudo apt-get install [...]

Sinon, il y a apt-get build-dep gimp, et d'ailleurs la liste est un chouïa plus longue:

autopoint build-essential bzip2 cdbs debhelper dh-autoreconf dh-strip-nondeterminism docbook docbook-to-man docbook-xml
docbook-xsl dpkg-dev gettext gettext-base gir1.2-atk-1.0 gir1.2-freedesktop gir1.2-gdkpixbuf-2.0 gir1.2-gtk-2.0 gir1.2-gudev-1.0
gir1.2-json-1.0 gir1.2-pango-1.0 gir1.2-poppler-0.18 gir1.2-rsvg-2.0 gnome-pkg-tools gtk-doc-tools highlight highlight-common
icu-devtools intltool intltool-debian libaa1 libaa1-dev libamd2 libarchive-zip-perl libart-2.0-dev libasound2-dev libatk1.0-dev
libbabl-0.1-0 libbabl-dev libbz2-dev libcairo-script-interpreter2 libcairo2-dev libcamd2 libccolamd2 libcholmod3 libcups2-dev
libcupsimage2-dev libcurl4-gnutls-dev libdbus-1-dev libdbus-glib-1-dev libencode-locale-perl libexif-dev libexpat1-dev libffi-dev
libfile-listing-perl libfile-stripnondeterminism-perl libfontconfig1-dev libfreetype6-dev libgdk-pixbuf2.0-dev
libgdk-pixbuf2.0-doc libgegl-0.3-0 libgegl-dev libglib2.0-bin libglib2.0-data libglib2.0-dev libglib2.0-doc libgraphite2-dev
libgs-dev libgtk2.0-dev libgtk2.0-doc libgudev-1.0-dev libharfbuzz-dev libharfbuzz-gobject0 libhtml-parser-perl
libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl libhttp-cookies-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libhttp-negotiate-perl
libice-dev libicu-dev libidn11-dev libijs-dev libio-html-perl libio-socket-ssl-perl libjbig-dev libjbig2dec0-dev libjpeg-dev
libjpeg62-turbo-dev libjs-jquery libjson-glib-dev liblcms2-dev liblwp-mediatypes-perl liblwp-protocol-https-perl liblzma-dev
libmetis5 libmng-dev libnet-http-perl libnet-ssleay-perl libopenjp2-7-dev libosp5 libpango1.0-dev libpangoxft-1.0-0 libpaper-dev
libpcre3-dev libpcre32-3 libpcrecpp0v5 libpixman-1-dev libpng-dev libpoppler-dev libpoppler-glib-dev libpoppler-glib8
libpthread-stubs0-dev libpython-dev libpython2.7-dev librsvg2-dev libslang2-dev libsm-dev libtiff5-dev libtiffxx5
libtimedate-perl libumfpack5 liburi-perl libwmf-dev libwmf0.2-7 libwww-perl libwww-robotrules-perl libx11-dev libxau-dev
libxcb-render0-dev libxcb-shm0-dev libxcb1-dev libxcomposite-dev libxcursor-dev libxdamage-dev libxdmcp-dev libxext-dev
libxfixes-dev libxft-dev libxi-dev libxinerama-dev libxml-parser-perl libxml2-utils libxmu-dev libxmu-headers libxpm-dev
libxrandr-dev libxrender-dev libxt-dev opensp patchutils perl-openssl-defaults po-debconf python-dev python-gobject-2-dev
python-gtk2-dev python2.7-dev sgml-data x11proto-composite-dev x11proto-core-dev x11proto-damage-dev x11proto-fixes-dev
x11proto-input-dev x11proto-kb-dev x11proto-randr-dev x11proto-render-dev x11proto-xext-dev x11proto-xinerama-dev
xorg-sgml-doctools xsltproc xtrans-dev zlib1g-dev

Sinon, pour ton problème lui-même, il faut probablement passer "-fPIC" lors de la compilation de "exr-load", mais je vois pas trop comment, sans modifier le paquet source.