C++ Tutorial

C++ HOME C++ Intro C++ Get Started C++ Syntax

Syntax Statements

Print Text Print Numbers New Lines

C++ Comments C++ Variables

Declare Variables Multiple Variables Identifiers Constants Real-Life Examples

C++ User Input C++ Data Types

Basic Data Types Numbers Booleans Characters Strings The auto Keyword Real-Life Example

Arithmetic Assignment Comparison Logical

Strings Intro Concatenation Numbers and Strings String Length Access Strings Special Characters User Input Strings Omitting Namespace C-Style Strings

C++ Math C++ Booleans

Boolean Values Boolean Expressions Real-Life Example

if else else if Short hand if..else Real-Life Examples

C++ Switch C++ While Loop

While Loop Do/While Loop Real-Life Examples

For Loop Nested Loops The foreach Loop Real-Life Examples

C++ Break/Continue C++ Arrays

Arrays Arrays and Loops Omit Array Size Get Array Size Real-Life Example Multidimensional Arrays

C++ Structures C++ Enums C++ References

Create References Memory Address

Create Pointers Dereferencing Modify Pointers

C++ Memory Management

Memory Management new and delete

C++ Functions

C++ Functions C++ Function Parameters

Parameters/Arguments Default Parameter Multiple Parameters Return Values Pass By Reference Pass Arrays Pass Structures Real-Life Example

C++ Function Overloading C++ Scope C++ Recursion C++ Lambda

C++ Classes

C++ OOP C++ Classes/Objects C++ Class Methods C++ Constructors

Constructors Constructor Overloading

C++ Access Specifiers C++ Encapsulation C++ Friend Functions C++ Inheritance

Inheritance Multilevel Inheritance Multiple Inheritance Access Specifiers

C++ Polymorphism

Polymorphism Virtual Functions

C++ Templates C++ Files C++ Date

C++ Errors

C++ Errors C++ Debugging C++ Exceptions C++ Input Validation

C++ Data Structures

C++ Data Structures & STL C++ Vectors C++ List C++ Stacks C++ Queues C++ Deque C++ Sets C++ Maps C++ Iterators C++ Algorithms

C++ Namespaces

C++ Projects

C++ How To

C++ Add Two Numbers C++ Random Numbers

C++ Reference

C++ Reference C++ Keywords C++ <iostream> C++ <fstream> C++ <cmath> C++ <string> C++ <cstring> C++ <ctime> C++ <vector> C++ <algorithm>

C++ Examples

C++ Examples C++ Real-Life Examples C++ Compiler C++ Exercises C++ Quiz C++ Syllabus C++ Study Plan C++ Certificate

C++ Examples

❮ Previous Next ❯

C++ Syntax

Create a simple "Hello World" program

Syntax Explained

C++ Output/Print

Use cout to output values/print text Using many cout objects Insert a new line with \n Insert a new line with endl

Output Explained

C++ Comments

Single-line comment before a line of code Single-line comment at the end of a line of code Multi-line comment

Comments Explained

C++ Variables

Create an integer variable Create a variable without assigning the value, and assign the value later Assign a new value to an existing value (this will overwrite the previous value) Create an unchangeable variable with the const keyword Combine text and a variable on print Add a variable to another variable Declare many variables of the same type with a comma-separated list Identifiers

Variables Explained

C++ User Input

Input a number and print the result Input two numbers and print the sum

User Input Explained

C++ Data Types

A demonstration of different data types Create an int type Create a float type Create a double type Create boolean types Create a char type Create a string type

Data Types Explained

C++ Operators

Addition operator Increment operator Assignment operator Addition assignment operator

Operators Explained

C++ Strings

Create a string String concatenation String length Access string characters Change string characters User input strings

Strings Explained

C++ Math

Find the highest value of two numbers Find the lowest value of two numbers Use the cmath header file for other math functions

C++ Booleans

Boolean values Compare two values Compare two variables

Booleans Explained

C++ If...Else (Conditions)

The if statement The else statement The else if statement

If...Else Explained

C++ Switch

The switch statement The switch statement with a default keyword

Switch Explained

C++ Loops

While loop Do while loop For loop Break a loop Continue a loop

Loops Explained

C++ Arrays

Create and access an array Change an array element Loop through an array Get the size/length of an array Multidimensional arrays

Arrays Explained

C++ References

Create a reference variable Access the memory address of a variable

References Explained

C++ Pointers

Create a pointer variable Get the value of a variable with the dereference operator * Modify the pointer value

Pointers Explained

C++ Files

Create, write and read a text file

Files Explained

C++ Functions

Create and call a function Call a function multiple times Function declaration and definition Parameters and arguments Default parameter value Multiple parameters Return value Return the sum of two parameters Pass by reference Pass an array to a function Function overloading

Functions Explained

C++ Classes/Objects

Create an object of a class and access class attributes Create multiple objects Create class methods Define a class method outside the class definition Add parameters to a class method Create a constructor Constructor parameters Constructor defined outside the class Public and private specifiers Encapsulation - hide sensitive data from users Inheritance - inherit attributes and methods from one class to another Multilevel inheritance Multiple inheritance Polymorphism - perform a single action in different ways Files - Create, write and read a file Exceptions - Handle errors

Classes/Objects Explained

❮ Previous Next ❯

Track your progress - it's free!

COLOR PICKER

×

Contact Sales

If you want to use W3Schools services as an educational institution, team or enterprise, send us an e-mail:
sales@w3schools.com

Report Error

If you want to report an error, or if you want to make a suggestion, send us an e-mail:
help@w3schools.com

Top Tutorials

HTML Tutorial
CSS Tutorial
JavaScript Tutorial
How To Tutorial
SQL Tutorial
Python Tutorial
W3.CSS Tutorial
Bootstrap Tutorial
PHP Tutorial
Java Tutorial
C++ Tutorial
jQuery Tutorial

Top References

HTML Reference
CSS Reference
JavaScript Reference
SQL Reference
Python Reference
W3.CSS Reference
Bootstrap Reference
PHP Reference
HTML Colors
Java Reference
Angular Reference
jQuery Reference

Top Examples

HTML Examples
CSS Examples
JavaScript Examples
How To Examples
SQL Examples
Python Examples
W3.CSS Examples
Bootstrap Examples
PHP Examples
Java Examples
XML Examples
jQuery Examples

Get Certified

HTML Certificate
CSS Certificate
JavaScript Certificate
Front End Certificate
SQL Certificate
Python Certificate
PHP Certificate
jQuery Certificate
Java Certificate
C++ Certificate
C# Certificate
XML Certificate

    FORUM ABOUT ACADEMY

W3Schools is optimized for learning and training. Examples might be simplified to improve reading and learning.
Tutorials, references, and examples are constantly reviewed to avoid errors, but we cannot warrant full correctness
of all content. While using W3Schools, you agree to have read and accepted our terms of use, cookie and privacy policy.

Copyright 1999-2025 by Refsnes Data. All Rights Reserved. W3Schools is Powered by W3.CSS.