C++ Class Methods
Class Methods
Methods are functions that belongs to the class.
There are two ways to define functions that belongs to a class:
- Inside class definition
- Outside class definition
Define a Method Inside the Class
In the following example, we define a function inside the class, and we name
it "myMethod".
Note: You access methods just like you access attributes; by creating an object of
the class and using the dot syntax (.):
Inside Example
public: // Access specifier
void myMethod() { // Method/function defined inside the class
cout << "Hello World!";
}
};
int main() {
MyClass myObj; // Create an object of MyClass
myObj.myMethod(); // Call the method
return 0;
}
Define a Method Outside the Class
Sometimes it is better to declare the method in the class and define it later (especially in large programs).
This is done by specifiying the
name of the class, followed the scope resolution :: operator,
followed by the name of the function:
Outside Example
public: // Access specifier
void myMethod(); // Method/function declaration
};
// Method/function definition outside the class
void MyClass::myMethod() {
cout << "Hello World!";
}
int main() {
MyClass myObj; // Create an object of MyClass
myObj.myMethod(); // Call the method
return 0;
}
Parameters
You can also pass values to methods just like regular functions:
Example
using namespace std;
class Car {
public:
int speed(int maxSpeed);
};
int Car::speed(int maxSpeed) {
return maxSpeed;
}
int main() {
Car myObj; // Create an object of Car
cout << myObj.speed(200); // Call the method with an argument
return 0;
}
Challenge Task
Create a class Dog with a method
bark() that prints "Woof!".
Then call that method from main() using an object of the class.
using namespace std;
class Dog {
public:
void bark() {
cout << "Woof!";
}
};
int main() {
Dog myDog;
myDog.bark();
return 0;
}