DALT
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| Other names | N,N-Diallyltryptamine; DALT; DAT |
| Routes of administration | Oral, intramuscular injection [1] |
| Drug class | Serotonin receptor modulator; Serotonergic psychedelic; Hallucinogen |
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| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C16H20N2 |
| Molar mass | 240.350 g·mol−1 |
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Diallyltryptamine (DALT), also known as N,N-diallyltryptamine, is a tryptamine derivative which has been identified as a designer drug.[2] [3]
Use and effects
[edit ]According to Alexander Shulgin in his book TiHKAL (Tryptamines I Have Known and Loved), the dose of DALT is greater than 40 mg orally and its duration is unknown.[1] Its effects were not described.[1] Per Stephen Szara and colleagues in much earlier publications however, DALT and other extended N,N-dialkyltryptamines produce similar effects to dimethyltryptamine (DMT) but are longer-lasting, with durations of up to 3 hours.[1] [4] [5]
Interactions
[edit ]Pharmacology
[edit ]Pharmacodynamics
[edit ]| Target | Affinity (Ki, nM) |
|---|---|
| 5-HT1A | 100 |
| 5-HT1B | >10,000 |
| 5-HT1D | 689 |
| 5-HT1E | 378 |
| 5-HT1F | ND |
| 5-HT2A | 701 |
| 5-HT2B | 61 |
| 5-HT2C | 385 |
| 5-HT3 | >10,000 |
| 5-HT4 | ND |
| 5-HT5A | >10,000 |
| 5-HT6 | 1,718 |
| 5-HT7 | >10,000 |
| α1A | 1,663 |
| α1B | 1,369 |
| α1D | >10,000 |
| α2A | 124 |
| α2B | 305 |
| α2C | 901 |
| β1–β3 | >10,000 |
| D1, D2 | >10,000 |
| D3 | 672 |
| D4, D5 | >10,000 |
| H1 | 127 |
| H2–H4 | >10,000 |
| M1–M5 | >10,000 |
| I1 | ND |
| σ1 | 101 (rat) |
| σ2 | 356 (rat) |
| TAAR1 Tooltip Trace amine-associated receptor 1 | ND |
| MOR Tooltip μ-Opioid receptor, DOR Tooltip δ-Opioid receptor | >10,000 |
| KOR Tooltip κ-Opioid receptor | 2,477 |
| SERT Tooltip Serotonin transporter | 150 (Ki) |
| NET Tooltip Norepinephrine transporter | 1,121 (Ki) |
| DAT Tooltip Dopamine transporter | 1,406 (Ki) |
| Notes: The smaller the value, the more avidly the drug binds to the site. All proteins are human unless otherwise specified. Refs:[6] [7] [8] [9] | |
The receptor interactions of DALT have been studied.[6] [7] [8] [9] The drug produces the head-twitch response, a behavioral proxy of psychedelic effects, in rodents.[10]
Chemistry
[edit ]DALT has been used as an intermediate in the preparation of radiolabeled diethyltryptamine (DET).[11]
Synthesis
[edit ]The chemical synthesis of DALT has been described.[1]
Analogues
[edit ]Analogues of DALT include 4-HO-DALT, 4-AcO-DALT, 5-MeO-DALT, and methylallyltryptamine (MALT), among others.[1]
History
[edit ]DALT was first described in the scientific literature by Stephen Szara and colleagues by 1962.[4] [5]
See also
[edit ]References
[edit ]- ^ a b c d e f Shulgin, Alexander; Shulgin, Ann (September 1997). TiHKAL: The Continuation. Berkeley, California: Transform Press. ISBN 0-9630096-9-9. OCLC 38503252.
- ^ Michely JA, Helfer AG, Brandt SD, Meyer MR, Maurer HH (October 2015). "Metabolism of the new psychoactive substances N,N-diallyltryptamine (DALT) and 5-methoxy-DALT and their detectability in urine by GC-MS, LC-MSn, and LC-HR-MS-MS" (PDF). Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 407 (25): 7831–42. doi:10.1007/s00216-015-8955-0. PMID 26297461. S2CID 26086597.
- ^ Michely JA, Brandt SD, Meyer MR, Maurer HH (February 2017). "n, and LC-HR-MS/MS" (PDF). Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 409 (6): 1681–1695. doi:10.1007/s00216-016-0117-5. PMID 27933361. S2CID 206920201.
- ^ a b Brimblecombe RW, Pinder RM (1975). "Indolealkylamines and Related Compounds". Hallucinogenic Agents. Bristol: Wright-Scientechnica. pp. 98–144. ISBN 978-0-85608-011-1. OCLC 2176880. OL 4850660M.
Other N,N-dialkyltryptamines produce similar effects to DMT in man, though their persistence is somewhat greater, with hallucinations lasting for up to 3 hours (Szara and Hearst, 1962). These include the N,N-diethyl (DET, 4.8), N,N-dipropyl (4.9), and N,N-diallyl (4.10) compounds, none of which are found in nature.
- ^ a b Szara S, Hearst E (1962). "The 6-Hydroxylation of Tryptamine Derivatives: A Way of Producing Psychoactive Metabolites". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 96 (1): 134–141. Bibcode:1962NYASA..96..134S. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1962.tb50108.x.
The dipropyl and diallyl derivatives have similar hallucinogenic activity in man, as we found recently.
- ^ a b "Ki Database". PDSP. 28 March 2025. Retrieved 28 March 2025.
- ^ a b Liu T (2016). "BindingDB BDBM50140058 CHEMBL3752576". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 26 (3): 959–964. doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2015年12月05日3. PMID 26739781 . Retrieved 28 March 2025.
- ^ a b Cozzi NV, Daley PF (February 2016). "Receptor binding profiles and quantitative structure-affinity relationships of some 5-substituted-N,N-diallyltryptamines" (PDF). Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 26 (3): 959–964. doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2015年12月05日3. PMID 26739781.
- ^ a b Klein LM, Cozzi NV, Daley PF, Brandt SD, Halberstadt AL (November 2018). "Receptor binding profiles and behavioral pharmacology of ring-substituted N,N-diallyltryptamine analogs" (PDF). Neuropharmacology. 142: 231–239. doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018年02月02日8. PMC 6230509 . PMID 29499272.
- ^ Halberstadt AL, Geyer MA (2018). "Effect of Hallucinogens on Unconditioned Behavior". Behavioral Neurobiology of Psychedelic Drugs. Curr Top Behav Neurosci. Vol. 36. pp. 159–199. doi:10.1007/7854_2016_466. ISBN 978-3-662-55878-2. PMC 5787039 . PMID 28224459.
The HTR has also been observed in rodents treated with N-methyl-N-ethyltryptamine (MET), N,N-diethyltryptamine (DET), N,N-dipropyltryptamine (DPT), N,N-diisopropyltryptamine (DIPT), and N,N-diallyltryptamine (DALT) (Fantegrossi et al. 2008; Smith et al. 2014; Carbonaro et al. 2015; Halberstadt and Klein, unpublished observations).
- ^ Brandt SD, Tirunarayanapuram SS, Freeman S, Dempster N, Barker SA, Daley PF, et al. (2008). "Microwave-accelerated synthesis of psychoactive deuterated N,N-dialkylated-[α,α,β,β-d4]-tryptamines". Journal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals. 51 (14): 423–429. doi:10.1002/jlcr.1557.