Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bakiz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots . As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

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Etymology

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From Proto-Indo-European *bhog-i-s, from *bheg- ("flowing water, brook, stream"). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *bagnò ("swamp, bog, marsh"), as well as perhaps Old Irish búal ("water; bathing, healing, cure").^[1]

Pronunciation

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IPA ^(key): /ˈbɑ.kiz/
Rhymes: -ɑ.kiz

Noun

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*bakiz f^[1]

brook, stream
Synonyms: *lōkiz , *sīką , *straumaz
beach, strand
Synonym: *strandō

Inflection

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Declension of *bakiz (i-stem)
singular	plural
nominative	*bakiz	*bakīz
vocative	*baki	*bakīz
accusative	*bakį	*bakinz
genitive	*bakīz	*bakjǫ̂
dative	*bakī	*bakimaz
instrumental	*bakī	*bakimiz

Alternative reconstructions

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*bakkiz , *bakjaz (due to Old Norse)

Descendants

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Proto-West Germanic: *baki
- Old English: bæċ
  - Middle English: bæcche , bæche , bache
    - English: beach , batch
- Old Frisian: *beke , *betze
  - Saterland Frisian: Bäke
  - West Frisian: beek , (in placenames) beets
- Old Saxon: beki ; *bak (uncertain)
  - Middle Low German: bēke ; bach (spelling for *bak or from High German)
    - German Low German: Beek , Beke , Bääk , Bäke , (Westphalian) Biëke
    - >? Plautdietsch: Bach
    - → German: -beck
- Old Dutch: beki
  - Middle Dutch: bēke
    - Dutch: beek
    - Limburgish: baek
- Old High German: bah m (f unattested)
  - Middle High German: bach m or f (m chiefly Upper German, f chiefly Central German )
    - Bavarian:
      - Cimbrian: pach m
      - Mòcheno: pòch
    - Central Franconian: Baach f
      - Luxembourgish: Baach f
    - German: Bach m (f obsolete)
    - Vilamovian: bāh , baoch f
- → Medieval Latin: bacha
- → Old French: *bais
  - French: -bais , -baix (in placenames)
Old Norse: bekkr
- Icelandic: bekkur
- Faroese: bekkur
- Norwegian Nynorsk: bekk ; (dialectal) bekk’e
- Old Swedish: bækker
  - Swedish: bäck
- Old Danish: bæk
  - Danish: bæk
    - Norwegian Bokmål: bekk
- → Old English: bæc , becc (mostly in placenames)
  - Middle English: bec , becc
    - Scots: bek , bekk
    - English: beck
- Old French: *bec
  - Norman: -bec , Bec (in placenames)

References

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↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013), "*bakja-", in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 48

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