Jump to content
Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia

Draft:Source Four

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A lighting fixture for stage and film
Review waiting, please be patient.

This may take 3 months or more, since drafts are reviewed in no specific order. There are 4,385 pending submissions waiting for review.

  • If the submission is accepted, then this page will be moved into the article space.
  • If the submission is declined, then the reason will be posted here.
  • In the meantime, you can continue to improve this submission by editing normally.
Where to get help
  • If you need help editing or submitting your draft, please ask us a question at the AfC Help Desk or get live help from experienced editors. These venues are only for help with editing and the submission process, not to get reviews.
  • If you need feedback on your draft, or if the review is taking a lot of time, you can try asking for help on the talk page of a relevant WikiProject. Some WikiProjects are more active than others so a speedy reply is not guaranteed.
How to improve a draft

You can also browse Wikipedia:Featured articles and Wikipedia:Good articles to find examples of Wikipedia's best writing on topics similar to your proposed article.

Improving your odds of a speedy review

To improve your odds of a faster review, tag your draft with relevant WikiProject tags using the button below. This will let reviewers know a new draft has been submitted in their area of interest. For instance, if you wrote about a female astronomer, you would want to add the Biography, Astronomy, and Women scientists tags.

Editor resources
Reviewer tools


Source Four
Fixture Details
Fixture Type(s)ERS, PAR, Fresnel
Purpose(s)Spot, Wash, Cyc
Rigging Method(s)Yoke, Track-mount (MO), Canopy (MO)
ModelsJunior, Mini, PAR, Fresnel, PARNel, 4WRD, 4WRD II, 4WRD Color, 4WRD Color II, LED
Lamp Type(s)HPL, QXL, LED, Lustr
Data InputLine, DMX (3-pin & 5-pin)
Color(s)Black, White
AutomatedS4 Revolution Only
Production
Inventor(s)David Cunningham, Gregg Esakoff
First Sold1992
Manufacturer(s)Electronic Theatre Controls
Currently ProducedYes
Websitehttps://www.etcconnect.com/Products/Entertainment-Fixtures/Source-Four/

Source Four (Source 4 or S4) is the brand name for entertainment lighting fixtures manufactured by Electronic Theatre Controls (ETC). The name originally applied to the HPL lamp and ellipsoidal reflector spotlight (ERS) first produced in 1992,[1] but now applies to the series of related fixtures, and often–erroneously–for any type of ERS as a generic trademark. It can be combined with separate, rotatable interchangeable lens barrels to create different field angles, as well as other fixture bodies to become other luminaire types such as a PAR or Fresnel.[2] [3] It is commonly found in theaters, film/television studios, churches, concert halls, museums, theme parks, and other multipurpose spaces.

The Source Four is named for the four-filament design in the lamp invented by David Cunningham and Greg Esakoff of Entertec.[4] [5] [6] The main advantage of this specific design over the previous ERS models is its improvements to light emission, heat dissipation and power efficiency.[7] [8] [9] Heat dissipation is improved due to a dichroic glass reflector that only reflects visible light and allows infrared light to pass through to the cooling system at the back of the fixture.[3] It is also credited for its minimal light spill and focus controllability.[10] [11]

Incandescent models use 375 watt, 575 watt, and 750 watt High Performance Lamps (HPLs) manufactured by USHIO. The four filament design of the bulbs are near 40% more efficient with a 600 watt outputting light equivalent to a traditional 1000 watt bulb.[3] Unlike previous ERS lights, the bulb on a Source Four is in line with the lenses, rather than at an angle.[3] All Source Fours are constructed from die-cast aluminum.[12]

Source Four

[edit ]
Source Four fixture with 10° Lens barrel

The Source Four is based on an interchangeable lamp base and shutter barrel to which various lens tubes can be added. These range in size from 5° all the way to 90°, with 26°, 36°, and 50° being most common. It can also be equipped with either of two zoom barrels that can angle 15° to 30°, and 25° to 50° respectively.[12] It can hold A, B, and Glass size patterns and gel media holders range from 6.25" to 14" frames depending on lens barrel.[13]


Source Four jr

[edit ]

The Source Four jr is a smaller, less expensive version of the source four fixture. They come in four barrel angles variants 26°, 36°, 50°, and a zoom lens between 25° to 50°.[14] Unlike the standard Source Four, the Source Four jr does not have interchangeable lenses. It is equipped with a smaller M-size pattern holder and 6.25" gel media holder.[13]

Other Models & Lines

[edit ]
Incandescent:
[edit ]
  • The Source Four Mini is the smallest fixture in the Source Four line at 9" long. It is mainly for use in museums and lecture halls[15]
  • The Source Four PAR & PARnel, introduced in 1995,[16] is a fixture body that attaches to the Source Four Lamp base to act like a PAR64 lamp. It creates a similar effect to a PAR fixture, but uses the HPL bulb rather than the now discontinued PAR64. The PARnel is similar, except rather than separate, interchangeable lenses, the beam angle can be adjusted with a knob on the back similar to a fresnel.[17]
  • The Source Four Fresnel is a fresnel style fixture that uses the same Source Four base and lamp as other Source Four products. [11]
  • The Source Four Revolution is a discontinued moving head fixture first introduced in 2004.[18] It used a modular system including a 24-cell color scroller assembly, motorized zoom, and iris and shutter controls. It also had pan and tilt functions and used a QXL (Quick eXchange Lamp, also manufactured by USHIO) bulb.[19] [20] [21]
LED:
[edit ]
  • The Source Four LED line first launched in March of 2012 as the Source Four LED Series 1 Tungsten, Daylight, and Lustr+.[22] They used different versions of the Selador X7 LED array named after the company ETC acquired in 2009.[23] The Lustr+ used a 7 colour LED array of red, green, amber, white, cyan and indigo. In 2014 ETC launched the Source Four LED Series 2 Lustr that replaced the white with a lime LED.The Tungsten and Daylight Series 2 models followed a few months later. These were supplanted by the Source Four LED Series 3 in 2021, cutting the Tungsten model. The Series 3 Lustr X8 system added deep red to the existing X7 LED palette of red, green, blue, amber, cyan, indigo, and lime. The Daylight model features a palette of red, mint, blue, indigo, cyan, and deep red.
  • Source 4WRD (a portmanteau of "four" and "forward") is a line of LED fixtures, as well as LED lamps meant to supplant conventional Source Four lamp bases. It was first introduced in 2016. Source 4WRD Color introduced an RGBA LED Array. It is compatible with any full-size Source Four fixture including PAR and Fresnel.
[edit ]

References

[edit ]
  1. ^ Wild, Larry (September 14, 2015). "A Brief History of Stage Lighting". Northern State University. Archived from the original on 8 December 2019. Retrieved 8 January 2024 – via Archive.org.
  2. ^ Shelley, Steven (2013年05月02日). A Practical Guide to Stage Lighting. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-136-08382-2.
  3. ^ a b c d Mort, Skip (2015年09月24日). Stage Lighting: The Technicians' Guide (2nd ed.). Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 9781474212717.
  4. ^ "Parnelli Profile: David Cunningham | PLSN". 2015年09月17日. Retrieved 2025年06月23日.
  5. ^ "Theatrecrafts - Equipment - Source Four". www.theatrecrafts.com. Retrieved 2024年02月16日.
  6. ^ US Patent 5268613, Cunningham, David, "Incandescent Illumination System", issued 1993年12月07日, assigned to Gregory Esakoff 
  7. ^ Horpedahl, Paul (November 13, 2020). "Revolutions in Tech". Opera America.
  8. ^ Sound, Fachredaktion Prolight + (2017年10月22日). "A Quarter-Century of Source Four from ETC". Prolight + Sound Blog. Retrieved 2025年06月23日.
  9. ^ Shelley, Steven (2013年05月02日). A Practical Guide to Stage Lighting (2nd illustrated ed.). Burlington, MA: Taylor & Francis. p. 33. ISBN 9781136083822.
  10. ^ Malkiewicz, Kris (2012). Film Lighting: talks with Hollywood's cinematographers and gaffers. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster. pp. 37–38. ISBN 978-1-4391-6906-3.
  11. ^ a b Gillette, J. Michael (2019). Designing with Light: An Introduction to Stage Lighting. Michael J. McNamara (7th ed.). S.l.: ROUTLEDGE. pp. 48, 75. ISBN 978-0-429-81579-9.
  12. ^ a b "Source Four Features". www.etcconnect.com. Retrieved 2024年01月07日.
  13. ^ a b "S4 Accessories Sheet" (.qxd). Retrieved 2024年01月07日.
  14. ^ "Source Four jr Features". www.etcconnect.com. Retrieved 2024年01月07日.
  15. ^ "Source Four Mini LED Features". www.etcconnect.com. Retrieved 2024年01月07日.
  16. ^ "Selling the First Source Four". blog.etcconnect.com. 2023年01月19日. Retrieved 2024年01月07日.
  17. ^ Moody, James L.; Dexter, Paul (2016年10月04日). Concert lighting: the art and business of entertainment lighting (4th ed.). New York: Focal Press, Taylor & Francis Group. pp. 213–215. ISBN 978-1-317-37428-2.
  18. ^ "iSquint.net » The Revolution finally goes LED? Introducing the Releve Spot by ETC" . Retrieved 2024年01月09日.
  19. ^ Dunham, Richard E. (2015年10月30日). Stage Lighting: Fundamentals and Applications. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-317-34394-3.
  20. ^ Dunham, Richard E. (2015年10月30日). Stage Lighting: Fundamentals and Applications. CRC Press. p. 270. ISBN 978-1-317-34393-6.
  21. ^ Moody, James; Dexter, Paul (2013年05月02日). Concert Lighting: Techniques, Art and Business. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-136-08270-2.
  22. ^ Baldock, Lee, ed. (May 2012). "ETC shows Source Four LED". Lighting & Sound International (Periodical). No. 310. 38 St Leonards Road, Eastbourne, BN21 3UT, UK: PLASA Media Ltd. p. 64. Retrieved 10 January 2024 – via LSI Online Digital Archive.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  23. ^ "Electronic Theatre Controls acquires Selador for its LED technology". FX Design. 2009年02月20日. Retrieved 2025年09月15日.

AltStyle によって変換されたページ (->オリジナル) /