2001 Geiyo earthquake
| 令和6年能登半島地震 | |
Show map of Hiroshima Prefecture Show map of Japan | |
| UTC time | 2001年03月24日 06:27:53 |
|---|---|
| ISC event | 1800460 |
| USGS-ANSS | ComCat |
| Local date | 24 March 2001 |
| Local time | 15:27:53 JST (UTC+9) |
| Magnitude | MJMA 6.7 Mw 6.8 |
| Depth | 50 km (31 mi) |
| Epicenter | 34°04′59′′N 132°31′34′′E / 34.083°N 132.526°E / 34.083; 132.526 |
| Type | Normal |
| Areas affected | Chūgoku and Shikoku regions, Japan |
| Total damage | \77.6 billion (US500ドル million) (886ドル.1 million in 2024, adjusted for inflation)[1] |
| Max. intensity | JMA 6− (MMI IX) |
| Peak acceleration | 0.85 g (832 gal ) |
| Casualties | 2 fatalities, 288 injuries |
The 2001 Geiyo earthquake (2001年芸予地震 Nisen-ichi-nen Gēyo Jishin) occurred with a magnitude of MJMA 6.7 on March 24 at 15:27:53 JST , and an epicenter located near the Geiyo Islands of Hiroshima, Japan.[2]
Tectonic setting
[edit ]![[icon]](/index.cgi/contrast/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=link}
Near the Geiyo region, a Ms 7.8 earthquake occurred in June 1905,[3] which was an intraslab event within the subducting Philippine Sea plate.[4]
Earthquake
[edit ]The United States Geological Survey (USGS) gave the earthquake a magnitude of Mw 6.8, while the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported the magnitude at MJMA 6.7, with its epicenter located near the island of Kurahashi-jima in Kure, Hiroshima Prefecture.[2] [5] The released seismic moment of the earthquake was ×ばつ1019 Nm. This earthquake is a normal faulting intraslab event within the subducting Philippine Sea plate.[6] The slip of the earthquake was estimated to be about 1.5–2.4 meters (4 ft 11 in – 7 ft 10 in). The locations of aftershocks were distributed roughly in N–S direction.[7] It has been suggested that this earthquake was related to the dehydration of the Philippine Sea plate slab.[8]
Intensity
[edit ]| Intensity | Prefecture | Locations |
|---|---|---|
| 6− | Hiroshima | Higashihiroshima, Ōsakikamijima, Kumano |
| 5+ | Hiroshima | Kure, Etajima, Hiroshima, Hatsukaichi, Mihara, Onomichi, Kitahiroshima |
| Ehime | Kamijima, Imabari, Saijō, Kumakōgen, Matsuyama, Masaki, Seiyo, Uwajima, Tobe | |
| Yamaguchi | Suō-Ōshima, Yanai, Tabuse, Hirao, Waki, Iwakuni, Yamaguchi | |
| 5− | Hiroshima | Fukuyama, Sera, Miyoshi |
| Ehime | Ikata, Yawatahama, Ōzu, Uchiko, Iyo, Tōon, Niihama | |
| Yamaguchi | Kaminoseki, Hikari, Kudamatsu, Shūnan | |
| Shimane | Gōtsu, Hamada, Ōnan | |
| Kōchi | Kōchi | |
| Ōita | Saiki |
The JMA reported it recorded a maximum seismic intensity of Shindo 6- on its seismic intensity scale; the maxinum intensity was reported in Higashihiroshima, Ōsakikamijima and Kumano, Hiroshima Prefecture. Shindo 5+ was recorded in parts of Ehime and Yamaguchi Prefectures, while Shindo 5-was observed in multiple areas of Shimane, Kōchi and Ōita Prefectures; Shindo 1-4 was also reported in Kyushu, Kansai and Chūbu regions, with shaking recorded as far away as Shizuoka, Noto, Ishikawa, Iizuna and Kōzushima, Tokyo.[5] A maximum peak ground acceleration of 832 gal (0.85 g) was recorded at Saeki-ku, Hiroshima; strong ground motions from the earthquake were amplified and spread to areas far from the epicenter, due to the ground beneath the region comprising soft sediments.[9] On the Modified Mercalli intensity scale, the earthquake registered a maximum intensity of IX (Violent).[1] Tremors were also felt along the eastern and southern coasts of South Korea.[10]
Impact
[edit ]Two people were killed; one in Kure, Hiroshima due to a wall collapse and other in Matsuyama, Ehime after being hit by falling roof tiles.[11] [10] Additionally, 288 others were injured, 43 of them seriously, including 183 in Hiroshima, 75 in Ehime, 12 in Yamaguchi, 4 in Kochi, 3 in Shimane and 1 in Okayama. The earthquake completely destroyed 76 homes, severely damaged 865 and partially damaged 53,243 others, with all structural collapses occurring in Hiroshima, Ehime and Yamaguchi; landslides destroyed 39 homes, mostly in Hiroshima. Additionally, 40,739 waterways, 1,209 cultural and educational facilities, 787 roads, 149 harbors, 97 hospitals, 9 bridges, 8 public buildings and 71 other structures were also affected.[12]
In Hiroshima, over 3,700 buildings were damaged,[2] train lines were suspended, Hiroshima Airport was temporarily closed for inspection, telecommunications were disrupted and soil liquefaction was reported.[10] [13] Most of the damaged residential buildings in the city were built on steep slopes.[14] Liquefaction also occurred at Tōyo, Ehime.[15] Power outages occurred in the prefectures of Hiroshima, Ehime, Okayama, Yamaguchi, and Kōchi.[16]
See also
[edit ]References
[edit ]Citations
[edit ]- ^ a b NOAA (1972). "National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS): NCEI/WDS Global Significant Earthquake Database". NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K . Retrieved 1 February 2025.
- ^ a b c ANSS. "M 6.8 - 16 km SSW of Kure, Japan 2001". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey.
- ^ NOAA (1972). "National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS): NCEI/WDS Global Significant Earthquake Database". NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K . Retrieved 1 February 2025.
- ^ Hiroshima Crisis Management Supervision, Crisis Management Division . "災害に備えて:地震・津波災害とは (Preparing for a disaster: What is an earthquake / tsunami disaster?)" (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 2013年10月29日. Retrieved 2012年05月12日.
- ^ a b c "Seismic Intensity Database Search". Japan Meteorological Agency. 24 March 2001. Retrieved 1 February 2025.
- ^ Miyatake, T.; Yagi, Y.; Yasuda, T. (2004). "The dynamic rupture process of the 2001 Geiyo, Japan, earthquake". Geophysical Research Letters. 31 (12): L12612. Bibcode:2004GeoRL..3112612M. doi:10.1029/2004GL019721 .
- ^ "平成13年(2001年)芸予地震(2001年3月24日,M6.7) (2001 Geiyo Earthquake (March 24, 2001, M6.7))" (PDF) (in Japanese).
- ^ Zhao, D.; Mishra, O.P.; Sanda, R.; Obara, K.; Umino, N.; Hasegawa, A. (2001). "Seismological Evidence for the Influence of Fluids and Magma on Earthquakes" (PDF). Bulletin of the Earthquake Research Institute University of Tokyo. 76: 271–289. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014年07月28日. Retrieved 2012年01月10日.
- ^ "芸予地震". chugoku-np.co.jp (in Japanese). 2 April 2001. Archived from the original on 19 August 2007. Retrieved 1 February 2025.
- ^ a b c Hall, K. "At least two die as strong earthquake hits Japan". The Independent. Archived from the original on 28 July 2014.
- ^ "3-1 芸予地震". bousai.go.jp (in Japanese). Retrieved 1 February 2025.
- ^ 平成13年(2001年)芸予地震 (PDF) (Report) (in Japanese). Fire and Disaster Management Agency. 24 September 2002. Retrieved 1 February 2025.
- ^ Yoshimine, M. "2001 Geiyo Earthquake, Japan". Soil Mechanics Laboratory, Civil Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University. Archived from the original on 2012年07月11日. Retrieved 2012年01月10日.
- ^ Kuwata, Takada & Ueno 2003, p. 1–12.
- ^ Sakakibara, Masayuki; Inouchi, Yoshio; Nara, Masakazu (2002). "Liquefaction of reclaimed land in Toyo City, Ehime Prefecture, by the 2001 Geiyo earthquake". Journal of the Geological Society of Japan. 108 (6): XIII–XIV. doi:10.5575/geosoc.108.XIII .
- ^ "平成13年(2001年)芸予地震について(About Geiyo Earthquake in 2001)" (PDF) (in Japanese). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011年10月27日. Retrieved 2012年01月10日.
Sources
[edit ]- Matsuzaki, Shin’ichi; Pitarka, Arben; Collins, Nancy; Graves, Robert; Fukushima, Yoshimitsu (2011). "A Characteristic Rupture Model for the 2001 Geiyo, Japan, Earthquake". Pure and Applied Geophysics. 168 (3–4): 631–644. Bibcode:2011PApGe.168..631M. doi:10.1007/s00024-010-0126-9 .
- Miyatake, Takashi; Yagi, Yuji; Yasuda, Takumi (June 2004). The dynamic rupture process of the 2001 Geiyo, Japan, earthquake. Solid Earth (Report). Vol. 31. Bibcode:2004GeoRL..3112612M. doi:10.1029/2004GL019721 .
- Kakehi, Y. (11 August 2004). Analysis of the 2001 Geiyo, Japan, earthquake using high-density strong ground motion data: Detailed rupture process of a slab earthquake in a medium with a large velocity contrast. Solid Earth (Report). Vol. 109. Bibcode:2004JGRB..109.8306K. doi:10.1029/2004JB002980 .
- Kuwata, Yasuko; Takada, Shiro; Ueno, Junichi (2003). "斜面地形の住家被害と地震動特性" [Damage to houses on slopes and earthquake motion characteristics]. Journal of the Japan Association for Earthquake Engineering (in Japanese). 3 (2): 1-12. Bibcode:2003JJAEE...3b...1K. doi:10.5610/jaee.3.2_1 .
External links
[edit ]- The International Seismological Centre has a bibliography and/or authoritative data for this event.