Re: Mon hacker préférée

Ada Byron King, Comtesse de Lovelace.

C'est la première, c'est la plus grande ; ces robes sont chouettes et c'est un bug pour l'Art comme pour la Science.

10 01 preuves de respect

h1d30 "chipie machine"

PS: Comment expliquer son absence de ce "sondage" ? hum...

WOMEN IN PROGRAMMING

Allen, Fran

* Made significant contributions to compiler research
* First woman to become an IBM Fellow
* http://www.witi.org/center/witimuseum/halloffame/1997/fallen.shtml(...)
* http://www.research.ibm.com/resources/news/20020806_fran_allen.shtm(...)
* http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/tap/present-women-bio.html(...)

Antonelli, Kathleen (Kay) McNulty Mauchly

* One of the first computer programmers
* One of the pioneers in programming the ENIAC
* http://www.ohkaycomputer.com/history.htm(...)
* http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/tap/past-women-cs.html(...)
* http://www.edu-cyberpg.com/Teachers/cwomen.html(...)
* http://www.witi.org/center/witimuseum/halloffame/1997/eniac.shtml(...)

Bartik, Jean Jennings

* One of the pioneers in programming the ENIAC
* http://www.edu-cyberpg.com/Teachers/cwomen.html(...)
* http://www.witi.org/center/witimuseum/halloffame/1997/eniac.shtml(...)

Burks, Alice

* One of 75 female "computers" working at the University of Pennsylvania's Moore School of Engineering to perform calculations necessary to create firing and bombing tables
* http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/tap/past-women-cs.html(...)

Byron, Ada (Lady Lovelace)

* "Wrote" first program that calculated Bernoulli numbers
* U. S. Department of Defense named language in 1979 in her honor
* http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/tap/past-women-cs.html(...)
* http://www.edu-cyberpg.com/Teachers/cwomen.html(...)
* http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/love.htm(...)
* http://www.well.com/user/adatoole/(...)
* http://www.uwplatt.edu/~wise/lovelace/lovelace.html(...)
* http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/tap/Files/ada-bio.html(...)
* http://www.sdsc.edu/ScienceWomen/lovelace.html(...)
* http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~history/50th/October.html(...)

Chen, Marina C.

* Research includes design and implementation of Fortran-90 compilers for high performance platforms
* Chair of the Computer Science Department at Boston University
* President of Cooperating Systems Corporation
* http://cs-www.bu.edu/faculty/mcchen/main_menu.html(...)
* http://www.crpc.rice.edu/CRPC/newsletters/sum96/pp.chen.html(...)
* http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/tap/present-women-bio.html(...)

Clarke, Edith

* First woman to earn MSc. Degree from MIT in EE in 1919
* Received patent in 1921 for a graphical calculator
* First woman to teach engineering at University of Texas, Austin in 1947
* http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/tap/past-women-cs.html(...)
* http://www.thocp.net/biographies/clark_edith.html(...)
* http://www.distinguishedwomen.com/biographies/clarke.html(...)
* http://www.ee.vt.edu/~museum/women/clarke/(...)
* http://www.utexas.edu/faculty/council/2000-2001/memorials/AMR/Clark(...)

Davis, Ruth

* Provided leadership at the National Bureau of Standards
* President and Founder of the Pymatuning Group
* http://www.awc-hq.org/lovelace/1984.htm(...)

Dayhoff, Ruth

* Wrote Information Processing Standards and also wrote about the object-oriented properties of MUMPS
* http://207.224.6.57/mdc/lit/litaud.htm(...)
* http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=35334&coll=portal&dl=(...)
* http://207.224.6.57/mdc/genesis.htm(...)

ENIAC Women

*
Antonelli, Kathleen (Kay) McNulty Mauchly
*
Bartik, Jean Jennings
*
Holberton, Frances Snyder (Betty)
*
Meltzer, Marilyn Wescoff
*
Spence, Frances Bilas
*
Teitelbaum, Ruth Lichterman

* First to program with machine language and first to program with ENIAC
* First “computers” used to make calculations for tables of bombing and firing trajectories
* http://www.gecdsb.on.ca/d&g/women/women.htm(...)
* http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~history/50th/October.html(...)
* http://www.edu-cyberpg.com/Teachers/cwomen.html(...)
* http://www.witi.org/center/witimuseum/halloffame/1997/eniac.shtml(...)

Estrin, Thelma

* Recognized for her computer contributions to brain research and healthcare technology
* http://www.awc-hq.org/lovelace/1982.htm(...)
* http://www.cs.ucla.edu/csd/people/faculty_pages/testrin.html(...)

Forsythe, Alexandra

* Co-authored a series of textbooks on computer science during 1960s and1970s
* http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/tap/past-women-cs.html(...)

Fox, Margaret R.

* Electronics engineer in radar at the Naval Research Station in Washington
* Chief of the Office of Computer Information in the NBS Institute for Computer Science and Technology
* http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/tap/past-women-cs.html(...)

Goldberg, Adele

* Led design team for SmallTalk
* Worked in creation of first window- and icon-based user interface
* http://crl.ucsd.edu/~goldberg/(...)
* http://www.linguistics.uiuc.edu/agoldbrg/(...)
* http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?AdeleGoldberg(...)
* http://www.beckman.uiuc.edu/faculty/goldberg.html(...)
* http://wiki.cs.uiuc.edu/VisualWorks/Adele+Goldberg(...)

Goldstine, Adele

* Wrote Manual for the ENIAC which detailed the machine down to its resistors
* http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/tap/past-women-cs.html(...)

Granville, Evelyn Boyd

* First African American woman to earn a Ph.D. in Mathematics (Yale,1949)
* Developed computer programs used to analyze trajectories in the MercuryProject (first manned U.S. space mission) and in the Apollo Project (sending U.S.astronauts to the moon)
* http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/tap/past-women-cs.html(...)

Griswold, Madge

* Helped develop the Icon Programming Language
* http://www.cs.arizona.edu/people/madge/(...)
* http://www.peer-to-peer.com/catalog/language/icon.html(...)
* http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=155363&coll=portal&dl(...)

Haibt, Lois

* Developed arithmetic expression analyzer, an essential component of the FORTRAN compiler
* http://www.inf.fu-berlin.de/lehre/SS01/hc/pl/fortran.htm(...)
* http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~history/50th/October.html(...)

Hamilton, Margaret

* Founded Higher Order Software and Hamilton Technologies, Inc.
* http://www.awc-hq.org/lovelace/1986.htm(...)
* http://hrst.mit.edu/hrs/apollo/public/people/mhamilton.htm(...)

Hayes-Roth, Barbara

* Author of the Guardian system
* http://ai.eecs.umich.edu/cogarch2/authors/hayes-roth.html(...)
* http://www-ksl.stanford.edu/people/bhr/(...)

Holberton, Frances Snyder (Betty)

* Created first sort-merge generator
* Involved in development and standardization of FORTRAN and COBOL
* http://www.awc-hq.org/lovelace/1997.htm(...)
* http://www.uri.edu/personal/csul7234/bettyholberton1.html(...)
* http://www.witi.com/center/witimuseum/womeninsciencet/1997/062197.s(...)
* http://www.livewirecom.com/columns/97.05.html(...)
* http://www.witi.org/center/witimuseum/halloffame/1997/eniac.shtml(...)

Hoover, Erna Schneider

* Invented a computerized switching system for telephone traffic and received one of the first patents for software ever awarded
* http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/tap/past-women-cs.html(...)
* http://web.mit.edu/invent/www/inventorsA-H/hoover.html(...)
* http://mediatheek.thinkquest.nl/~ll160/contents/inventors/ernahoove(...)
* http://www.diversitycareers.com/articles/pro/dec-jan-02/hoover.htm(...)

Hopper, Grace Murray

* Developed first compiler (A-O)
* Major influence in acceptance and standardization of COBOL
* http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/tap/Files/hopper-story.html(...)
* http://www.wic.org/bio/ghopper.htm(...)
* http://www.sdsc.edu/hopper/GHC_INFO/hopper.html(...)
* http://www.inventorsmuseum.com/GraceHopper.htm(...)
* http://www.netsrq.com/~dbois/hopper.html(...)
* http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/tap/past-women-cs.html(...)
* http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~history/50th/October.html(...)
* http://web.mit.edu/invent/www/inventorsA-H/hopper.html(...)

Jensen, Kathleen

* Co-author of PASCAL User Manual and Report
* http://www.cs.inf.ethz.ch/~wirth/books/Pascal/(...)

Keller, Sister Mary Kenneth

* First woman to receive doctorate in computer science in US
* Participated in the development of BASIC
* http://www.computinghistorymuseum.org/teaching/papers/research/stee(...)

Liskov, Barbara

* Developed CLU in the 70s, Argus in the 80s, and Theta in the 90s
* CLU influenced development of ADTs
* http://www.pmg.lcs.mit.edu/barbara_liskov.html(...)
* http://www.pmg.lcs.mit.edu/CLU.html(...)

Mahowald, Misha

* “Neuromorphic” engineering – the application of analog CMOS VLSI technology to the fabrication of analog electronic circuits that emulate real neural systems
* http://www.witi.org/center/witimuseum/halloffame/1996/dmahowald.sht(...)

Meltzer, Marilyn Wescoff

* See ENIAC Women
* http://www.witi.org/center/witimuseum/halloffame/1997/eniac.shtml(...)

Noether, Emmy

* Researched abstract algebra which provided the foundation for Prolog
* http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Noether_Emm(...)
* http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/noether.htm(...)
* http://www.awm-math.org/noetherbrochure/AboutNoether.html(...)

Owicki, Susan

* Researched distributed systems, performance analysis, and trusted systems for electronic commerce.
* http://www.cra.org/Activities/craw/craw/wdp.html(...)
* http://www.cra.org/Activities/craw/members/levesonOwicki.html(...)
* http://www.usenix.org/publications/library/proceedings/usenix-nt97/(...)
* http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/indices/a-tree/o/Owicki:(...)
* http://www.acm.org/awards/fellows_citations_n-z/owicki.html(...)

Pearl, Amy

* Designer and implementer of the Sun Link Service, an open protocol for creating hypertext links between elements of desktop applications
* http://cpsr.org/cpsr/gender/becoming.comp.sci(...)
* http://www.computerhistory.org/store/acatalog/GB_GHC_Pearl.html(...)
* http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=92757&dl=ACM&coll=por(...)

Peter, Rosa

* Founded recursive function theory
* http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/tap/past-women-cs.html(...)

Polese, Kim

* Driving force behind Java
* President and CEO of Marimba, Inc.
* http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/women/TODTWD98/polese.bio.html(...)
* http://www.fastcompany.com/online/08/polese.html(...)
* http://www.thestandard.com/people/profile/0,1923,1265,00.html(...)
* http://www.businessweek.com/1997/34/b354164.htm(...)
* http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-04-1996/jw-04-polese.html(...)
* http://www.transmitmedia.com/svr/vault/polese/polese_transcript.htm(...)
* http://www.redherring.com/mag/issue44/polese.html(...)
* http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/4.11/es_marimba.html?person=kim_(...)
* http://news.com.com/2009-1082-233118.html(...)
* http://news.com.com/2100-1023-243672.html?legacy=cnet(...)
* http://www.technologywithcurves.com/excerpts/excerpts_work_kim.html(...)
* http://www.marimba.com/aboutus/corporate_info/about-kpolese.shtml(...)

Ryder, Barbara G.

* Professor of Computer Science at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersy
* Worked at Bell Laboratories which developed Unix, C, and pcc.
* http://www.cs.rutgers.edu/~ryder/(...)

Sammet, Jean E.

* First group leader for programmers in the engineering organization of Sperry Gyroscope
* One of first to teach computer courses for academic credit
* Supervised initial specification and design of COBOL compiler on MOBIDIC
* Authored "Programming Languages: History and Fundamentals"
* President of ACM in the 1970s
* http://www.awc-hq.org/lovelace/1989.htm(...)

Seneff, Stephanie

* Research and development of computer speech recognition
* http://www.sls.lcs.mit.edu/seneff(...)
* http://www.sls.lcs.mit.edu/sls/people/seneff.shtml(...)

Spence, Frances Bilas

* See ENIAC Women
* http://www.witi.org/center/witimuseum/halloffame/1997/eniac.shtml(...)

Teitelbaum, Ruth Lichterman

* See ENIAC Women
* http://www.witi.org/center/witimuseum/halloffame/1997/eniac.shtml(...)

Winters, Joan Margaret

* Implemented and designed SPINDEX II, an archive and manuscript management system
* http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/tap/past-women-cs.html(...)

Wohl, Amy

* President and Founder of Wohl Associates consulting firm.
* Pioneered office automation and ergonomics
* http://www.awc-hq.org/lovelace/1985.htm(...)

Zimmerman, Joan

* Helped develop MUMPS and wrote Introduction to Standard MUMPS
* http://207.224.6.57/mdc/lit/litli042.htm#Lzimmerman000090(...)
* http://207.224.6.57/mdc/genesis.htm(...)
* http://207.224.6.57/mdc/lit/litauz.htm(...)

OTHER SITES

Biographies of women involved in technology

* http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/tap/present-women-bio.html(...)
* http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/tap/past-women-cs.html(...)
* http://web.mit.edu/womens-studies/www/wsab/cyberbios.html(...)
* http://www.mills.edu/ACAD_INFO/MCS/SPERTUS/Gender/gender.html(...)
* http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/tap/photo_gallery.html(...)
* http://www.acm.org/women/speech.html(...)
* http://kininvie.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~tom/women/(...)
* http://www.witi.com/center/witimuseum(...)
* http://www.sdsc.edu/ScienceWomen(...)
* http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women(...)
* http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~history/people.html(...)
* http://www.edu-cyberpg.com/Teachers/cwomen.html(...)
* http://www.thocp.net/biographies/biographies.htm(...)
* http://www.netsrq.com/~dbois/alphabet.html(...)
* http://www.distinguishedwomen.com/alphabet/alphabet.html(...)
* http://www.awc-hq.org/lovelace/1984.htm(...)

Computer History

http://www.computerhistory.org(...)

Game Girls Play:Women in Front of and Behind the Scenes

http://www.discreet.com/games/gamegirls.html(...)

GameGirlz Women Spotlights

http://www.gamegirlz.com/spotlght/index.shtml(...)

Gender gap and early exposure to computers, computer games, etc...

http://web.mit.edu/womens-studies/www/cyvixen.html(...)

Resources related to Women and Computing

http://blue.butler.edu/~phenders/resources/(...)

Sacramento Bee’s Special Report on Women in Computing

http://www.sacbee.com/static/archive/news/projects/women/(...)

Statistics about Women in Computer Science

http://www.resnet.wm.edu/~slharr/WomenCsci.html(...)

Valley Women’s Organization First In gaming Industry

http://gamingmagazine.com/managearticle.asp?c=540&a=1381(...)

Why so Few Women are in Computer Science

http://www.cs.umd.edu/~oleary/faculty/(...)

WITI (Women in the Technology International) Museum

http://www.witi.org/center/witimuseum/(...)

Women in Computing Research

http://www.cra.org/Activities/craw/index.html(...)

Women in Games

http://www.gignews.com/womeningames.htm(...)

Women In Programming

http://www.javaendtoend.com/Article_WomenInProgramming.htm(...)

WSSLINKS (Women and Gender Studies Science and Technology) Web Sites:

http://libraries.mit.edu/humanities/WomensStudies/Tech2.html(...)

ORGANIZATIONS

ACM's Committee on Women in Computing

http://www.acm.org/women/(...)

Ada Project

http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/tap/cs-women-groups.html(...)

http://tap.mills.edu/(...)

Advocates for Women in Science, Math, and Engineering

http://www.awsem.org/(...)

Association for Women in Computing

http://www.awc-hq.org(...)

http://www.awcjhu.org/(...)

Australian Computer Society (ACS) - Community Affairs Board (CAB) - Women in Technology (WIT) Committee homepage

http://www.acs.org.au/boards/cab/wittr.html(...)

Binary Girl

http://www.binarygirl.com/(...)

Center for Women and Information Technology

http://www.umbc.edu/cwit/index.html(...)

Committee on the Status of Women in Computing Research

http://www.cra.org/Activities/craw/(...)

Community for Women who like Linux

http://www.linuxchix.org(...)

CPSR Gender Page

http://www.cpsr.org/program/gender/index.html(...)

Digitaleve – women’s organization about technology, creativity, and community

http://www.digitaleve.org(...)

Herdomain – support and networking group for women interested in the web

http://www.herdomain.org(...)

Institute for Women and Technology

http://www.iwt.org(...)

International Game Developer Association Committees for Women

http://www.igda.org/Committees/women.htm(...)

MECCA

http://www.systers.org/(...)

Pakistani Women in Computing

http://www.wiredet.com/acmw/(...)

Systers – informal organization for technical women in computing

http://www.systers.org(...)

Webgrrls – the women’s tech knowledge connection

http://www.webgrrls.com/(...)

Women Gamers

http://www.womengamers.com/(...)

Women in Computer Science: Carnegie Mellon's Women@SCS

http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/~women/(...)

Women in Global Science and Technology

http://www.wigsat.org/(...)

Women in Technology International

http://www.witi.org/(...)

Women Into Computing

http://www.wic.org.uk(...)

Women-Wise

http://www.women-wise.com/main.html(...)

Women's IT Network

http://www.witnet.org.uk/(...)

worldWIT – Women In Technology

http://www.worldwit.org/(...)

OTHER SOURCES

* Bergin, T. J., Jr. and Gibson, R. G., Jr. (Ed.) (1996). History of ProgrammingLanguages II. New York: ACM Press.
* Sebesta, R. W. (1999). Concepts of Programming Languages, 4th ed.Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
* Spencer, D. (1996). Great Men and Women of Computing. Ormond Beach, FL: CamelotPublishing Company.
* Stanley, A. (1993). Mothers and Daughters of Invention: Notes for A Revised History of Technology. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
* Wexelblat, R. L. (Ed.) (1978). History of Programming Languages Conference. NewYork: Academic Press.

Acknowledgement
This material was developed as part of an assignment given in the fall of 1998 to students in CIS 330 (Programming Languages) at OBU. The original assignment follows:

Provide a brief biographical sketch of women who were involved in the development of programming. Your text is a good starting point but will not be sufficient to receive full credit for this assignment. Naturally, this should be word-processed and look good. Provide reference info (text, URLs, etc.).

Cindy Meyer Hanchey, Ph.D., compiled the original materials, and a web page was created by Angela Pybas. Two years later, the assignment was revised and revisited. The web page was updated by Ashley Miller. In fall of 2002, students added to the materials and updated the links. Additional materials were included by Megan Hershberger. Ryan King has created the final web page.

http://www.okbu.edu/business/faculty/chanchey/women_in_programming.(...)