Final Answers
© 2000-2020 Gérard P. Michon, Ph.D.

Matter & Antimatter

P.A.M Dirac 1902-1984
The mathematician finds interesting the
same rules which Nature has chosen
.
Paul Dirac (1902-1984) in 1939.
Michon
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Related articles on this site:

Related Links (Outside this Site)

5 mysteries of antimatter (New Scientist).
10 things about antimatter by Diana Kwon (Symmetry, 2015年04月28日).
Antimatter Institute of Physics (IOP).

Wikipedia : Antiparticle | Antimatter

Videos : Why the anti-world matters (59:41) by Tara Shears (RI, 2013).
The Matter of Antimatter (1:39:20) by Brian Green et al. (WSF, 2018年06月06日).
Anti-Matter and Quantum Relativity (16:11) by Matt O'Dowd (2017年06月21日).
Leptogenesis (14:43) by Don Lincoln (Fermilab, 2019年07月23日).

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Matter and Antimatter


(2018年08月02日) Klein-Gordon Equation (1926)
In 1925, Schrödinger chose to pursue his nonrelativist equation instead.

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Before it was even put forth by Klein and Gordon, the very idea of a second-order wave equation, albeit relatistically invariant, had been abandonned in 1925 by Schrödinger, who chose to pursue his own first-order nonrelativistic equation instead.

On the same physical grounds, Dirac, Heisenberg and Pauli rejected a second-order equation too. In a letter to Dirac dated 21 December 1926, Pauli's Hungarian assistant (Johann Kudar) said that he regarded the relativistic wave equation of second order with much suspicion.

Soon, Dirac would come up with a first-order equation whose solutions also satisfy the second-order one. In so doing, he would invent antimatter...

Relativistic wave equations | Klein-Gordon equation (1926)
Oskar Klein (1894-1977) | Walter Gordon (1893-1939)


(2018年06月25日) Dirac's equation (1928)
The relativistic first-order wave equation which predicted antimatter.

Dirac approaches the problem of linearizing the wave equation from a purely mathematical standpoint.

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Dirac equation | Paul Dirac (1902-1984)
The Genesis of Dirac's Relativistic Theory of Electrons by Helge Kragh (1981).


(2018年06月25日) Positrons discovered in cosmic rays (1932年08月02日)
Carl Anderson (1905-1991).

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Positron | Carl Anderson (1905-1991)


(2018年07月07日) Crossing Symmetry (Goldberger & Gell-Mann, 1954)
An antiparticle is exactly like a particle going backward in time.

That idea was first formulated by Ernst Stueckelberg. Feynman worked it into his path-integral formulation of quantum mechanics.

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Olivier Costa de Beauregard and the dubious case for retrograde causality.

Crossing | Marvin Leonard "Murph" Goldberger (1922-2014) | Murray Gell-Mann (1929-)
Solving the Impossible in QFT (15:20) by Matt O'Dowd (PBS Space Time, 2017年07月12日).
Wheeler's One-Electron Universe (12:49) by Matt O'Dowd (PBS Space Time, 2017年08月10日).


(2018年08月01日) Original Excess of Matter over Antimatter
Matter particles exceed antimatter particles by only one part per billion.

Most extant particles are photons, which are identical to their antiparticles.

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Antimatter Darkmatter Documentary (2:10:58) First half with Art McDonald (2018年06月11日).
Anti-Matter and Quantum Relativity (16:11) by Matt O'Dowd (PBS Space Time, 2017年06月21日).

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