Google Classroom add-ons are now generally available to developers! Please see the add-ons documentation for more information.

Create and manage teachers and students

The student and teacher roles in Google Classroom represent a user's role in a course. A user can be assigned as a teacher in one course and a student in another. The designation "student" or "teacher" represents a set of permissions for a particular user in a particular course.

Students
A Student resource represents a user who is enrolled as a student in a specific course. Students are permitted to view the course details and teachers for that course.
Teachers
A Teacher resource represents a user who teaches a specific course. Teachers are permitted to view and change the course details, view teachers and students, and manage additional teachers and students. Each course has a primary teacher, or course owner, who is a teacher that can manage settings like course ownership transfer.

Students and teachers are identified by the unique ID or email address of the user, as returned by the Directory API. The current user may also refer to their own ID using the "me" shorthand.

Direct management permissions using the Classroom API

Administrators, students, and teachers have different permissions when directly adding or removing users from courses using the Classroom API.

Administrators

Domain administrators are permitted to bypass the invitation flow and directly add students and teachers to a course if the following conditions are met:

  • The user being added is part of the administrator's domain.
  • The primary teacher of the course, or course owner, is part of the administrator's domain.

For users or courses outside the domain of an administrator, applications must obtain the user's consent by sending an invitation with the invitations.create() method.

Students

Students can add themselves to a course by calling students.create() and specifying the enrollmentCode of the course. The enrollmentCode is a unique identifier for the course that is included on the Course resource. In the Classroom web application, the enrollmentCode is available in the stream tab and the course details page.

Teachers

Teachers can't directly add users to a course and must use the invitations.create() method to invite students and other teachers to the course.

The following table describes which user is permitted to make requests to the create and delete methods for the Teacher and Student resources.

Administrator Teacher Student
CreateTeacher ✔️ ✖️ ✖️
DeleteTeacher ✔️ ✔️ ✖️
CreateStudent ✔️ ✖️ ✔️ 1
DeleteStudent ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ 2

1 A student can only add themselves to a course.

2 A student may only delete themselves from a course.

Manage teachers

Domain administrators can directly add teachers within their domain to courses with teachers.create(), as shown in the following sample:

.NET

classroom/snippets/ClassroomSnippets/AddTeacher.cs
usingGoogle.Apis.Auth.OAuth2;
usingGoogle.Apis.Classroom.v1;
usingGoogle.Apis.Classroom.v1.Data;
usingGoogle.Apis.Services;
usingSystem;
usingSystem.Net;
usingGoogle;
namespaceClassroomSnippets
{
// Class to demonstrate the use of Classroom Create Teacher API
publicclassAddTeacher
{
/// <summary>
/// Add teacher to the Course
/// </summary>
/// <param name="courseId"></param>
/// <param name="teacherEmail"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
publicstaticTeacherClassroomAddTeacher(stringcourseId,
stringteacherEmail)
{
try
{
/* Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.
 TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for 
 guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. */
GoogleCredentialcredential=GoogleCredential.GetApplicationDefault()
.CreateScoped(ClassroomService.Scope.ClassroomRosters);
// Create Classroom API service.
varservice=newClassroomService(newBaseClientService.Initializer
{
HttpClientInitializer=credential,
ApplicationName="Classroom API Snippet"
});
varteacher=newTeacher
{
UserId=teacherEmail
};
// Add the teacher to the course.
teacher=service.Courses.Teachers.Create(teacher,courseId).Execute();
Console.WriteLine(
"User '{0}' was added as a teacher to the course with ID '{1}'.\n",
teacher.Profile.Name.FullName,courseId);
returnteacher;
}
catch(Exceptione)
{
// TODO(developer) - handle error appropriately
if(eisAggregateException)
{
Console.WriteLine("Credential Not found");
}
elseif(eisGoogleApiException)
{
Console.WriteLine("Failed to Add the teacher. Error message: {0}",e.Message);
}
else
{
throw;
}
}
returnnull;
}
}
}

Java

classroom/snippets/src/main/java/AddTeacher.java
importcom.google.api.client.googleapis.javanet.GoogleNetHttpTransport;
importcom.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonError;
importcom.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonResponseException;
importcom.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport;
importcom.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory;
importcom.google.api.services.classroom.Classroom;
importcom.google.api.services.classroom.ClassroomScopes;
importcom.google.api.services.classroom.model.Teacher;
importjava.io.IOException;
importjava.security.GeneralSecurityException;
importjava.util.ArrayList;
importjava.util.Arrays;
/* Class to demonstrate the use of Classroom Add Teacher API */
publicclass AddTeacher{
/* Scopes required by this API call. If modifying these scopes, delete your previously saved
 tokens/ folder. */
staticArrayList<String>SCOPES=
newArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(ClassroomScopes.CLASSROOM_ROSTERS));
/**
 * Add teacher to a specific course.
 *
 * @param courseId - Id of the course.
 * @param teacherEmail - Email address of the teacher.
 * @return newly created teacher
 * @throws IOException - if credentials file not found.
 * @throws GeneralSecurityException - if a new instance of NetHttpTransport was not created.
 */
publicstaticTeacheraddTeacher(StringcourseId,StringteacherEmail)
throwsGeneralSecurityException,IOException{
// Create the classroom API client.
finalNetHttpTransportHTTP_TRANSPORT=GoogleNetHttpTransport.newTrustedTransport();
Classroomservice=
newClassroom.Builder(
HTTP_TRANSPORT,
GsonFactory.getDefaultInstance(),
ClassroomCredentials.getCredentials(HTTP_TRANSPORT,SCOPES))
.setApplicationName("Classroom samples")
.build();
Teacherteacher=newTeacher().setUserId(teacherEmail);
try{
// Add a teacher to a specified course
teacher=service.courses().teachers().create(courseId,teacher).execute();
// Prints the course id with the teacher name
System.out.printf(
"User '%s' was added as a teacher to the course with ID '%s'.\n",
teacher.getProfile().getName().getFullName(),courseId);
}catch(GoogleJsonResponseExceptione){
// TODO(developer) - handle error appropriately
GoogleJsonErrorerror=e.getDetails();
if(error.getCode()==409){
System.out.printf("User '%s' is already a member of this course.\n",teacherEmail);
}elseif(error.getCode()==403){
System.out.println("The caller does not have permission.\n");
}else{
throwe;
}
}
returnteacher;
}
}

PHP

classroom/snippets/src/ClassroomAddTeacher.php
<?php
use Google\Client;
use Google\Service\Classroom;
use Google\Service\Classroom\Teacher;
use Google\service\Exception;
function addTeacher($courseId, $teacherEmail)
{
 /* Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.
 TODO (developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for
 guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. */
 $client = new Client();
 $client->useApplicationDefaultCredentials();
 $client->addScope("https://www.googleapis.com/auth/classroom.profile.photos");
 $service = new Classroom($client);
 $teacher = new Teacher([
 'userId' => $teacherEmail
 ]);
 try {
 // calling create teacher
 $teacher = $service->courses_teachers->create($courseId, $teacher);
 printf("User '%s' was added as a teacher to the course with ID '%s'.\n",
 $teacher->profile->name->fullName, $courseId);
 } catch (Exception $e) {
 if ($e->getCode() == 409) {
 printf("User '%s' is already a member of this course.\n", $teacherEmail);
 } else {
 throw $e;
 }
 }
 return $teacher;
}

Python

classroom/snippets/classroom_add_teacher.py
importgoogle.auth
fromgoogleapiclient.discoveryimport build
fromgoogleapiclient.errorsimport HttpError
defclassroom_add_teacher(course_id):
"""
 Adds a teacher to a course with specific course_id.
 Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.
 TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity
 for guides on implementing OAuth2 for the application.
 """
 creds, _ = google.auth.default()
 # pylint: disable=maybe-no-member
 service = build("classroom", "v1", credentials=creds)
 teacher_email = "gduser1@workspacesamples.dev"
 teacher = {"userId": teacher_email}
 try:
 teachers = service.courses().teachers()
 teacher = teachers.create(courseId=course_id, body=teacher).execute()
 print(
 "User %s was added as a teacher to the course with ID %s"
 % (teacher.get("profile").get("name").get("fullName"), course_id)
 )
 except HttpError as error:
 print('User "{%s}" is already a member of this course.' % teacher_email)
 return error
 return teachers
if __name__ == "__main__":
 # Put the course_id of course for which Teacher needs to be added.
 classroom_add_teacher(453686957652)

Co-teachers can remove other teachers from a course with the teachers.delete() method. This only removes the specified teacher from the course and does not affect their assignment to other courses or their user profile.

Manage course owners

Domain administrators can transfer ownership of courses between teachers. See the Update the course owner section for important details.

Manage students

Domain administrators can directly add students within their domain with the students.create() method. If a student is directly adding themselves to a course, the enrollmentCode is required.

.NET

classroom/snippets/ClassroomSnippets/AddStudent.cs
usingGoogle.Apis.Auth.OAuth2;
usingGoogle.Apis.Classroom.v1;
usingGoogle.Apis.Classroom.v1.Data;
usingGoogle.Apis.Services;
usingSystem;
usingSystem.Net;
usingGoogle;
namespaceClassroomSnippets
{
// Class to demonstrate the use of Classroom Create Student API
publicclassAddStudent
{
publicstaticStudentClassroomAddStudent(stringcourseId,stringenrollmentCode)
{
try
{
/* Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.
 TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for 
 guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. */
GoogleCredentialcredential=GoogleCredential.GetApplicationDefault()
.CreateScoped(ClassroomService.Scope.ClassroomRosters);
varservice=newClassroomService(newBaseClientService.Initializer
{
HttpClientInitializer=credential,
ApplicationName="Classroom API .NET Quickstart"
});
varstudent=newStudent
{
UserId="me"
};
varrequest=service.Courses.Students.Create(student,courseId);
request.EnrollmentCode=enrollmentCode;
student=request.Execute();
Console.WriteLine(
"User '{0}' was enrolled as a student in the course with ID '{1}'.\n",
student.Profile.Name.FullName,courseId);
}
catch(Exceptione)
{
// TODO(developer) - handle error appropriately
if(eisAggregateException)
{
Console.WriteLine("Credential Not found");
}
elseif(eisGoogleApiException)
{
Console.WriteLine("Failed to Add the Student. Error message: {0}",e.Message);
}
else
{
throw;
}
}
returnnull;
}
}
}

Java

classroom/snippets/src/main/java/AddStudent.java
importcom.google.api.client.googleapis.javanet.GoogleNetHttpTransport;
importcom.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonError;
importcom.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonResponseException;
importcom.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport;
importcom.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory;
importcom.google.api.services.classroom.Classroom;
importcom.google.api.services.classroom.ClassroomScopes;
importcom.google.api.services.classroom.model.Student;
importjava.io.IOException;
importjava.security.GeneralSecurityException;
importjava.util.ArrayList;
importjava.util.Arrays;
/* Class to demonstrate the use of Classroom Add Student API */
publicclass AddStudent{
/* Scopes required by this API call. If modifying these scopes, delete your previously saved
 tokens/ folder. */
staticArrayList<String>SCOPES=
newArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(ClassroomScopes.CLASSROOM_ROSTERS));
/**
 * Add a student in a specified course.
 *
 * @param courseId - Id of the course.
 * @param enrollmentCode - Code of the course to enroll.
 * @return newly added student
 * @throws IOException - if credentials file not found.
 * @throws GeneralSecurityException - if a new instance of NetHttpTransport was not created.
 */
publicstaticStudentaddStudent(StringcourseId,StringenrollmentCode,StringstudentId)
throwsGeneralSecurityException,IOException{
// Create the classroom API client.
finalNetHttpTransportHTTP_TRANSPORT=GoogleNetHttpTransport.newTrustedTransport();
Classroomservice=
newClassroom.Builder(
HTTP_TRANSPORT,
GsonFactory.getDefaultInstance(),
ClassroomCredentials.getCredentials(HTTP_TRANSPORT,SCOPES))
.setApplicationName("Classroom samples")
.build();
Studentstudent=newStudent().setUserId(studentId);
try{
// Enrolling a student to a specified course
student=
service
.courses()
.students()
.create(courseId,student)
.setEnrollmentCode(enrollmentCode)
.execute();
// Prints the course id with the Student name
System.out.printf(
"User '%s' was enrolled as a student in the course with ID '%s'.\n",
student.getProfile().getName().getFullName(),courseId);
}catch(GoogleJsonResponseExceptione){
// TODO(developer) - handle error appropriately
GoogleJsonErrorerror=e.getDetails();
if(error.getCode()==409){
System.out.println("You are already a member of this course.");
}elseif(error.getCode()==403){
System.out.println("The caller does not have permission.\n");
}else{
throwe;
}
}
returnstudent;
}
}

PHP

classroom/snippets/src/ClassroomAddStudent.php
<?php
use Google\Client;
use Google\Service\Classroom;
use Google\Service\Classroom\Student;
use Google\Service\Exception;
function enrollAsStudent($courseId,$enrollmentCode)
{
 /* Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.
 TODO (developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for
 guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. */
 $client = new Client();
 $client->useApplicationDefaultCredentials();
 $client->addScope("https://www.googleapis.com/auth/classroom.profile.emails");
 $service = new Classroom($client);
 $student = new Student([
 'userId' => 'me'
 ]);
 $params = [
 'enrollmentCode' => $enrollmentCode
 ];
 try {
 $student = $service->courses_students->create($courseId, $student, $params);
 printf("User '%s' was enrolled as a student in the course with ID '%s'.\n",
 $student->profile->name->fullName, $courseId);
 } catch (Exception $e) {
 if ($e->getCode() == 409) {
 print "You are already a member of this course.\n";
 } else {
 throw $e;
 }
 }
 return $student;
}

Python

classroom/snippets/classroom_add_student.py
importos
fromgoogle.auth.transport.requestsimport Request
fromgoogle.oauth2.credentialsimport Credentials
fromgoogle_auth_oauthlib.flowimport InstalledAppFlow
fromgoogleapiclient.discoveryimport build
fromgoogleapiclient.errorsimport HttpError
SCOPES = ["https://www.googleapis.com/auth/classroom.coursework.students"]
defclassroom_add_student_new(course_id):
"""
 Adds a student to a course, the teacher has access to.
 The file token.json stores the user's access and refresh tokens, and is
 created automatically when the authorization flow completes for the first
 time.
 Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.
 TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for
 guides on implementing OAuth2 for the application.
 """
 creds = None
 # The file token.json stores the user's access and refresh tokens, and is
 # created automatically when the authorization flow completes for the first
 # time.
 if os.path.exists("token.json"):
 creds = Credentials.from_authorized_user_file("token.json", SCOPES)
 # If there are no (valid) credentials available, let the user log in.
 if not creds or not creds.valid:
 if creds and creds.expired and creds.refresh_token:
 creds.refresh(Request())
 else:
 flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file(
 "credentials.json", SCOPES
 )
 creds = flow.run_local_server(port=0)
 # Save the credentials for the next run
 with open("token.json", "w", encoding="utf8") as token:
 token.write(creds.to_json())
 enrollment_code = "abc-def"
 student = {"userId": "gduser1@workspacesamples.dev"}
 try:
 service = build("classroom", "v1", credentials=creds)
 student = (
 service.courses()
 .students()
 .create(
 courseId=course_id, enrollmentCode=enrollment_code, body=student
 )
 .execute()
 )
 print(
'''User {%s} was enrolled as a student in
 the course with ID "{%s}"'''
 % (student.get("profile").get("name").get("fullName"), course_id)
 )
 return student
 except HttpError as error:
 print(error)
 return error
if __name__ == "__main__":
 # Put the course_id of course for which student needs to be added.
 classroom_add_student_new(478800920837)

Removing a student from a course using the students.delete() method only removes them from the specified course and doesn't affect their enrollment in other courses or their user profile.

Retrieve a user's courses

To retrieve a list of courses for a student or teacher, call courses.list() and supply the corresponding user's studentId or teacherId.

Retrieve a user's profile

To retrieve the profile for a user, including ID and name, call userProfiles.get() with the user's ID, email, or "me" for the requesting user. To retrieve the emailAddress field, you must include the classroom.profile.emails scope.

The id returned corresponds to the Directory API Users resource containing the matching studentId or teacherId.

Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies. Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Last updated 2025年10月13日 UTC.