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PostgreSQL 18.1 Documentation
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PostgreSQL 18.1 Documentation

The PostgreSQL Global Development Group

Copyright © 1996–2025 The PostgreSQL Global Development Group

Table of Contents

1. What Is PostgreSQL?
2. A Brief History of PostgreSQL
3. Conventions
4. Further Information
5. Bug Reporting Guidelines

I. Tutorial

1. Getting Started
2. The SQL Language
3. Advanced Features

II. The SQL Language

4. SQL Syntax
5. Data Definition
6. Data Manipulation
7. Queries
8. Data Types
9. Functions and Operators
10. Type Conversion
11. Indexes
12. Full Text Search
13. Concurrency Control
14. Performance Tips
15. Parallel Query

III. Server Administration

16. Installation from Binaries
17. Installation from Source Code
18. Server Setup and Operation
19. Server Configuration
20. Client Authentication
21. Database Roles
22. Managing Databases
23. Localization
24. Routine Database Maintenance Tasks
25. Backup and Restore
26. High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication
27. Monitoring Database Activity
28. Reliability and the Write-Ahead Log
29. Logical Replication
30. Just-in-Time Compilation (JIT)
31. Regression Tests

IV. Client Interfaces

32. libpq — C Library
33. Large Objects
34. ECPG — Embedded SQL in C
35. The Information Schema

V. Server Programming

36. Extending SQL
37. Triggers
38. Event Triggers
39. The Rule System
40. Procedural Languages
41. PL/pgSQL — SQL Procedural Language
42. PL/Tcl — Tcl Procedural Language
43. PL/Perl — Perl Procedural Language
44. PL/Python — Python Procedural Language
45. Server Programming Interface
46. Background Worker Processes
47. Logical Decoding
48. Replication Progress Tracking
49. Archive Modules
50. OAuth Validator Modules

VI. Reference

I. SQL Commands
II. PostgreSQL Client Applications
III. PostgreSQL Server Applications

VII. Internals

51. Overview of PostgreSQL Internals
52. System Catalogs
53. System Views
54. Frontend/Backend Protocol
55. PostgreSQL Coding Conventions
56. Native Language Support
57. Writing a Procedural Language Handler
58. Writing a Foreign Data Wrapper
59. Writing a Table Sampling Method
60. Writing a Custom Scan Provider
61. Genetic Query Optimizer
62. Table Access Method Interface Definition
63. Index Access Method Interface Definition
64. Write Ahead Logging for Extensions
65. Built-in Index Access Methods
66. Database Physical Storage
67. Transaction Processing
68. System Catalog Declarations and Initial Contents
69. How the Planner Uses Statistics
70. Backup Manifest Format

VIII. Appendixes

A. PostgreSQL Error Codes
B. Date/Time Support
C. SQL Key Words
D. SQL Conformance
E. Release Notes
F. Additional Supplied Modules and Extensions
G. Additional Supplied Programs
H. External Projects
I. The Source Code Repository
J. Documentation
K. PostgreSQL Limits
L. Acronyms
M. Glossary
N. Color Support
O. Obsolete or Renamed Features

Bibliography

Preface

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