Primary activities of a program:

The three primary activities of a program are as follows:

• Input
• Processing
• Output

Input:

The information that is collected from the outside world is called as input. Input can be sent to a computer using input devices such as keyboard or mouse.

Example:

The input is gathered from the user in a program using a "cin" statement is as shown below:

// variable declaration

float temperature;

// get input from the user using a keyboard

cin >> temperature;

In the above snippet, the variable "temperature" is declared as a float and the input is gotten from the user by using "cin" statement.

Processing:

The information that is gathered from the outside world needs to be processed in some manner to obtain a new resultant value.

• The input gathered from the user needs to be manipulated in some way such as performing arithmetic or logic operations.

Example:

The input gathered from the outside world using "cin" statement will be processed by manipulating the given input variables to obtain a desired resultant value as shown below:

//process that converts the given temperature in Fahrenheit

fahrenheit = (temperature * 9...