Logical Volume Manager (LVM) is a powerful storage management tool used in Linux. It provides flexibility and scalability in managing disk storage, allowing you to dynamically resize or extend storage without disrupting the system.

Key features of LVM include:

1. Dynamic Partitioning:

   • Resize, extend, or reduce partitions (logical volumes) without requiring a reboot.

2. Disk Grouping:

   • Combine multiple physical disks or partitions into a single logical pool (Volume Group), making storage easier to manage.

3. Snapshot Support:

   • Create snapshots for backups or testing without affecting the original data.

4. Improved Storage Utilization:

   • Allocate storage on-demand, avoiding unused space in fixed partitions.

5. Ease of Management:

   • Simplifies disk management tasks like adding or replacing disks in a storage setup.

1. Physical Volumes (PV):

   • Physical disks or partitions (e.g., /dev/sdb, /dev/sdc) used as building blocks.

2. Volume Groups (VG):

   • A pool of storage created by combining one or more physical volumes.

3. Logical Volumes (LV):

   • Flexible partitions created from the Volume Group, where filesystems are applied (e.g., ext4).

• Scalability: Adjust storage needs as your system grows.
• Flexibility: Add, remove, or resize storage without major downtime.
• Snapshots: Create instant backups.
• Storage Pooling: Combine multiple disks into a single logical unit.

LVM is especially useful in environments requiring frequent storage changes, such as servers, virtual machines, and testing systems.

Before proceeding with the LVM configuration, ensure the following:

1. Linux Environment:

   • A Linux distribution with lvm2 tools available.

2. Root Access:

   • Administrative privileges to execute commands like apt, pvcreate, and others.

3. Disk Space:

   • At least two unmounted and unused disks or partitions (e.g., /dev/sdb, /dev/sdc) for LVM configuration.

4. Basic Tools Installed:

   • Update your package list:

     sudo apt update 

   • Install LVM tools:

     sudo apt install lvm2 

5. Filesystem Knowledge:

   • Familiarity with ext4 or other supported filesystems for formatting logical volumes.

6. Backup (Optional but Recommended):

   • Backup critical data as disk operations may result in data loss if not handled properly.

sudo apt update 

This updates the package list to get information about the latest versions of packages available in the repositories.

sudo apt install lvm2 

Installs the lvm2 package, which provides tools to manage disk volumes.

lsblk 

Lists block devices, showing all hard drives, partitions, and storage devices.

sudo pvcreate /dev/sdb 

Prepares /dev/sdb for inclusion in LVM by marking it as a physical volume (PV).

sudo pvdisplay 

Shows detailed information about physical volumes on the system.

sudo pvcreate /dev/sdc 

Marks /dev/sdc as a physical volume for use in LVM.

sudo vgcreate suraj_volume_group /dev/sdb /dev/sdc 

Combines /dev/sdb and /dev/sdc into a volume group (VG) named suraj_volume_group.

sudo vgdisplay 

Displays information about the volume group(s) on your system.

sudo lvcreate -L 10G -n suraj_logical_volume suraj_volume_group 

Creates a logical volume named suraj_logical_volume with a size of 10GB within suraj_volume_group.

sudo lvdisplay 

Shows details about the logical volume(s) in the volume group.

sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/suraj_volume_group/suraj_logical_volume 

Formats the logical volume in the ext4 filesystem.

sudo blkid /dev/suraj_volume_group/suraj_logical_volume 

Displays the UUID and filesystem type of the logical volume.

sudo mkdir /mnt/suraj_lvm 

Creates a directory to mount the logical volume.

sudo mount /dev/suraj_volume_group/suraj_logical_volume /mnt/suraj_lvm 

Mounts the logical volume at /mnt/suraj_lvm.

df -h 

Shows disk space usage and confirms the logical volume is mounted.

Alternatively, you can use:

mount | grep /mnt/suraj_lvm 

sudo nano /etc/fstab 

Add the following line to ensure the logical volume is automatically mounted after reboot:

/dev/suraj_volume_group/suraj_logical_volume /mnt/suraj_lvm ext4 defaults 0 0 

cat /etc/fstab 

Ensures the logical volume is listed in the fstab file.

sudo lvextend -L 20G /dev/suraj_volume_group/suraj_logical_volume 

Increases the size of suraj_logical_volume to 20GB.

sudo lvextend -L 15G /dev/suraj_volume_group/suraj_logical_volume 

Adjusts the logical volume size to 15GB.

sudo resize2fs /dev/suraj_volume_group/suraj_logical_volume 

Resizes the filesystem to match the new logical volume size.

sudo lvdisplay /dev/suraj_volume_group/suraj_logical_volume 

Shows updated information for the resized logical volume.

df -h 

Confirms the updated disk space usage after resizing.

• LVM is Flexible: Enables dynamic resizing and management of storage.

• Efficient Storage Management: Combines multiple disks into logical units for better utilization.

• Ideal for Growing Systems: Perfect for servers, VMs, and environments with changing storage needs.

• Simplifies Operations: Easy to extend, reduce, or snapshot volumes without downtime.

• Use with Caution: Proper planning is essential to avoid data loss.

• Powerful Tool: Enhances the efficiency and scalability of Linux systems.

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👨‍💻 Crafted by: Suraj Kumar Choudhary | 📩 Feel free to DM for any help: csuraj982@gmail.com