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Tibetan (Unicode block)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Unicode character block
Tibetan
RangeU+0F00..U+0FFF
(256 code points)
PlaneBMP
ScriptsTibetan (207 char.)
Common (4 char.)
Major alphabetsTibetan
Dzongkha
Assigned211 code points
Unused45 reserved code points
2 deprecated
Unicode version history
2.0 (1996)168 (+168)
3.0 (1999)193 (+25)
4.1 (2005)195 (+2)
5.1 (2008)201 (+6)
5.2 (2009)205 (+4)
6.0 (2010)211 (+6)
Unicode documentation
Code chart ∣ Web page
Note: [1] [2]
When unifying with ISO 10646, the original Tibetan block was removed in Unicode 1.0.1.[3] The current block (with a new encoding model and a different range) was introduced in version 2.0.

Tibetan is a Unicode block containing characters for the Tibetan, Dzongkha, and other languages of China, Bhutan, Nepal, Mongolia, northern India, eastern Pakistan and Russia.

Block

[edit ]
Tibetan [1] [2] [3]
Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
U+0F0x ༀ ༁ ༂ ༃ ༄ ༅ ༆ ༇ ༈ ༉ ༊ ་ ༌
 NB  ། ༎ ༏
U+0F1x ༐ ༑ ༒ ༓ ༔ ༕ ༖ ༗ ༘ ༙ ༚ ༛ ༜ ༝ ༞ ༟
U+0F2x ༠ ༡ ༢ ༣ ༤ ༥ ༦ ༧ ༨ ༩ ༪ ༫ ༬ ༭ ༮ ༯
U+0F3x ༰ ༱ ༲ ༳ ༴ ༵ ༶ ༷ ༸ ༹ ༺ ༻ ༼ ༽ ༾ ༿
U+0F4x ཀ ཁ ག གྷ ང ཅ ཆ ཇ ཉ ཊ ཋ ཌ ཌྷ ཎ ཏ
U+0F5x ཐ ད དྷ ན པ ཕ བ བྷ མ ཙ ཚ ཛ ཛྷ ཝ ཞ ཟ
U+0F6x འ ཡ ར ལ ཤ ཥ ས ཧ ཨ ཀྵ ཪ ཫ ཬ
U+0F7x ཱ ི ཱི ུ ཱུ ྲྀ ཷ ླྀ ཹ ེ ཻ ོ ཽ ཾ ཿ
U+0F8x ྀ ཱྀ ྂ ྃ ྄ ྅ ྆ ྇ ྈ ྉ ྊ ྋ ྌ ྍ ྎ ྏ
U+0F9x ྐ ྑ ྒ ྒྷ ྔ ྕ ྖ ྗ ྙ ྚ ྛ ྜ ྜྷ ྞ ྟ
U+0FAx ྠ ྡ ྡྷ ྣ ྤ ྥ ྦ ྦྷ ྨ ྩ ྪ ྫ ྫྷ ྭ ྮ ྯ
U+0FBx ྰ ྱ ྲ ླ ྴ ྵ ྶ ྷ ྸ ྐྵ ྺ ྻ ྼ ྾ ྿
U+0FCx ࿀ ࿁ ࿂ ࿃ ࿄ ࿅ ࿆ ࿇ ࿈ ࿉ ࿊ ࿋ ࿌ ࿎ ࿏
U+0FDx ࿐ ࿑ ࿒ ࿓ ࿔ ࿕ ࿖ ࿗ ࿘ ࿙ ࿚
U+0FEx
U+0FFx
Notes
1.^ As of Unicode version 17.0
2.^ Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points
3.^ Unicode code points U+0F77 and U+0F79 are deprecated in Unicode 5.2 and later

Former Tibetan block

[edit ]
Unicode character block
Tibetan (Unicode 1.0.0)
RangeU+1000..U+104F
(80 code points)
PlaneBMP
ScriptsTibetan
Major alphabetsTibetan
Dzongkha
StatusDeleted prior to the release of Unicode 2.0
Now occupied byMyanmar
Unicode version history
1.0.0 (1991)71 (+71)
1.0.1 (1992)0 (-71)
Chart
Code chart
Note: When unifying with ISO 10646, the original Tibetan block was deleted in Unicode 1.0.1.[3] Tibetan was later reintroduced with a new encoding model for Unicode 2.0.

The Tibetan Unicode block is unique for having been allocated in version 1.0.0 with a virama-based encoding that was unable to distinguish visible srog med and conjunct consonant correctly.[note 1] This encoding was removed from the Unicode Standard in version 1.0.1 in the process of unifying with ISO 10646 for version 1.1,[3] then reintroduced as an explicit root/subjoined encoding, with a larger block size, in version 2.0. Moving or removing existing characters has been prohibited by the Unicode Stability Policy for all versions following Unicode 2.0, so the Tibetan characters encoded in Unicode 2.0 and all subsequent versions are immutable.

The range of the former Unicode 1.0.0 Tibetan block has been occupied by the Myanmar block since Unicode 3.0. In Microsoft Windows, collation data referring to the old Tibetan block was retained as late as Windows XP, and removed in Windows 2003.[4]

Tibetan (Unicode 1.0.0)[1] [2]
Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
U+100x ཀ ཁ ག ང ཅ ཆ ཇ ཉ ཊ ཋ ཌ ཎ ཏ ཐ ད ན
U+101x པ ཕ བ མ ཙ ཚ ཛ ཝ ཞ ཟ འ ཡ ར ལ ཤ ཥ
U+102x ས ཧ ཨ ི ྀ ུ ེ ོ ྅ ཿ ཾ ༽
U+103x ༷ ྾ ༄ ། ་ ྃ ྂ ༔ ༑ ༈ ༵ ༼ ཻ ཽ
U+104x ༠ ༡ ༢ ༣ ༤ ༥ ༦ ༧ ༨ ༩ ༎ ྄ ༹
Notes
  1. ^ As of Unicode version 1.0.0. Characters are shown by means of corresponding code points in Unicode 2.0 and all subsequent versions.
  2. ^ Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points

History

[edit ]

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Tibetan block:

Version Final code points[a] Count UTC ID L2 ID WG2 ID Document
2.0 U+0F00..0F47, 0F49..0F69, 0F71..0F8B, 0F90..0F95, 0F97, 0F99..0FAD, 0FB1..0FB7, 0FB9 168 X3L2/92-144 N808 Lofting, Peter; Ross, Hugh McGregor (1992年05月13日), Comments on Tibetan Script
N1095 Zhaxi, Nima, Proposal for encoding Tibetan script on BMP
N1185 Proposal for encoding Tibetan script on BMP of ISO/IEC 10646
N1159 New consolidated Tibetan Proposal, 1995年03月10日
N1192 Proposal Summary Form, Tibetan, 1995年03月28日
N1203 Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike (1995年05月03日), "RESOLUTION M27.22", Unconfirmed minutes of SC2/WG2 Meeting 27, Geneva
UTC/1995-029 Everson, Michael, Tibetan Character Set for Information Interchange (code chart)
UTC/1995-024B Lofting, Peter (1995年05月31日), Updated Tibetan Code Chart (U+xx00 - U+xxFF)
UTC/1995-xxx "Tibetan Proposal and Report of Ad Hoc Committee", Unicode Technical Committee Meeting #65, Minutes, 1995年06月02日
N1227 Anderson, Lloyd (1995年06月21日), Tibetan in 10646
N1238 Proposal for encoding Tibetan script on BMP, 1995年06月24日
X3L2/95-090 N1253 (doc, txt) Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike (1995年09月09日), "6.4.5", Unconfirmed Minutes of WG 2 Meeting # 28 in Helsinki, Finland; 1995年06月26日--27
N1263 Everson, Michael (1995年09月18日), On the Complexity of Tibetan Character Names
N1538 Table of Replies and Feedback on Amendment 6 – Tibetan, 1997年01月29日
L2/97-126 N1562 Paterson, Bruce (1997年05月27日), Draft Report on JTC1 letter ballot on DAM No. 6 to ISO/IEC 10646-1 (Tibetan)
N1571 Paterson, Bruce (1997年06月23日), Almost Final Text – DAM 6 – Tibetan
L2/97-288 N1603 Umamaheswaran, V. S. (1997年10月24日), "5.3.2", Unconfirmed Meeting Minutes, WG 2 Meeting # 33, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, 20 June – 4 July 1997
N1739 Paterson, Bruce (1998年05月06日), Defect Report on AMD 6 - Tibetan
L2/99-010 N1903 (pdf, html, doc) Umamaheswaran, V. S. (1998年12月30日), "11.2", Minutes of WG 2 meeting 35, London, U.K.; 1998年09月21日--25
L2/01-301 Whistler, Ken (2001年08月01日), "3-part Tibetan vowel signs with a-chung's", Analysis of Character Deprecation in the Unicode Standard
L2/03-267 Duff, Tony (2003年08月18日), Comments on Public Review Issue #12 (Terminal Punctuation)
L2/03-268 Fynn, Christopher (2003年08月18日), Unicode Tibetan [explanation of Unicode in Tibetan]
L2/05-073 Freytag, Asmus; Fynn, Christopher (2005年02月09日), Basic line Breaking rules for Tibetan, Dzongkha, & Ladakhi
L2/08-287 Davis, Mark (2008年08月04日), Public Review Issue #122: Proposal for Additional Deprecated Characters
L2/08-304 Fynn, Christopher (2008年08月09日), Tibetan Chars in PR 122
L2/08-253R2 Moore, Lisa (2008年08月19日), "Consensus 116-C13", UTC #116 Minutes, Change the deprecated property by removing 0340, 0341, 17D3, and adding 0149, 0F77, 0F79, 17A4, 2329, 232A.
L2/08-328 (html, xls) Whistler, Ken (2008年10月14日), Spreadsheet of Deprecation and Discouragement
L2/11-261R2 Moore, Lisa (2011年08月16日), "Consensus 128-C6", UTC #128 / L2 #225 Minutes, Change the general category from "So" to "Po" ... [U+0F14]
3.0 U+0F6A, 0F96, 0FAE..0FB0, 0FB8, 0FBA..0FBC, 0FBE..0FCC, 0FCF 25 L2/98-024 N1660 Everson, Michael (1997年12月08日), Proposal to encode Tibetan Extensions in ISO/IEC 10646
L2/98-070 Aliprand, Joan; Winkler, Arnold, "3.A.2. item c. Tibetan Extensions", Minutes of the joint UTC and L2 meeting from the meeting in Cupertino, February 25-27, 1998
L2/98-218 N1756 Anderson, Lloyd; Chilton, Robert; Duff, Tony; Everson, Michael; Fynn, Christopher; McGowan, Rick; Sirlin, Sam; Whistler, Ken; Умаков, Валерий (1998年05月27日), Proposal for Tibetan Extensions to the UCS
L2/98-286 N1703 Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike (1998年07月02日), "8.8", Unconfirmed Meeting Minutes, WG 2 Meeting #34, Redmond, WA, USA; 1998年03月16日--20
L2/98-281R (pdf, html) Aliprand, Joan (1998年07月31日), "Extended Tibetan (IV.D.1.a)", Unconfirmed Minutes – UTC #77 & NCITS Subgroup L2 # 174 JOINT MEETING, Redmond, WA -- July 29-31, 1998
N1864 Comments on N1756 - Tibetan Extensions, 1998年09月17日
L2/98-330 N1921 Subdivision Proposal on JTC 1.02.18.01 for Amendment 31: Tibetan Extension to ISO/IEC 10646-1, 1998年10月28日
L2/98-331 N1922 Combined PDAM registration and consideration ballot on WD for ISO/IEC 10646-1/Amd. 31, AMENDMENT 31: Tibetan Extension, 1998年10月28日
L2/99-010 N1903 (pdf, html, doc) Umamaheswaran, V. S. (1998年12月30日), "8.1.4 and 11.2", Minutes of WG 2 meeting 35, London, U.K.; 1998年09月21日--25
L2/99-079.2 N1977R DRAFT Irish Comments on SC 2 N 3212, 1999年01月19日
L2/99-079.1 N1979R Chinese Comments on SC 2 N 3212, 1999年01月27日
N1977 Chinese comments on ISO/IEC 10646-1/PDAM 31: Tibetan Extension, 1999年01月27日
L2/99-079 Summary of Voting on SC 2 N 3212, PDAM ballot on WD for ISO/IEC 10646-1/Amd. 31: Tibetan Extension, 1999年02月12日
N2022 Paterson, Bruce (1999年04月05日), FPDAM 31 Text - Tibetan Extensions
L2/99-111 Text for FPDAM ballot of ISO/IEC 10646, Amd. 31 - Tibetan extensions, 1999年04月06日
L2/99-232 N2003 Umamaheswaran, V. S. (1999年08月03日), "6.1.5 PDAM31 - Tibetan Extensions", Minutes of WG 2 meeting 36, Fukuoka, Japan, 1999年03月09日--15
L2/99-256 N2070 Summary of Voting on SC 2 N 3310, ISO 10646-1/FPDAM 31 - Tibetan extension, 1999年08月19日
L2/99-307 N2129 Paterson, Bruce (1999年09月20日), Disposition of Comments Report on SC 2 N 3310, ISO/IEC 10646-1/FPDAM 31, AMD. 31: Tibetan extension
L2/99-308 N2130 Paterson, Bruce (1999年10月01日), Revised Text for FDAM ballot of ISO/IEC 10646-1/FDAM 31, - AMD. 31: Tibetan extension
L2/99-352 N2130R ISO 10646-1, Amd. #31 -- Tibetan with correct code charts, 1999年11月01日
L2/99-361 Everson, Michael (1999年11月09日), Corrected text for ISO/IEC 10646-1/FDAM 31 -- Tibetan extension
L2/00-010 N2103 Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2000年01月05日), "6.4.6", Minutes of WG 2 meeting 37, Copenhagen, Denmark: 1999年09月13日—16
L2/00-071 Table of replies on ISO/IEC 10646-1: 1993/FDAM 31: Tibetan Extensions, 2000年03月02日
4.1 U+0FD0..0FD1 2 L2/04-007 N2694 Everson, Michael; Fynn, Christopher (2003年12月30日), Proposal to encode two Bhutanese marks for Dzongkha in the UCS
5.1 U+0F6B..0F6C 2 L2/05-338 N3010 West, Andrew (2005年10月25日), Comments on N2985 -- Balti Tibetan additions
L2/05-279 Moore, Lisa (2005年11月10日), "Tibetan (C.7)", UTC #105 Minutes
N2953 (pdf, doc) Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2006年02月16日), "7.4.13", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 47, Sophia Antipolis, France; 2005年09月12日/15
L2/06-231 Moore, Lisa (2006年08月17日), "Scripts - Tibetan characters for Balti", UTC #108 Minutes
N3153 (pdf, doc) Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2007年02月16日), "M49.4", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 49 AIST, Akihabara, Tokyo, Japan; 2006年09月25日/29
L2/06-324R2 Moore, Lisa (2006年11月29日), "Consensus 109-C2", UTC #109 Minutes
L2/05-244 N2985 Everson, Michael (2009年09月04日), Proposal to add four Tibetan characters for Balti to the BMP of the UCS
U+0FCE 1 L2/05-345R N3011 West, Andrew (2005年10月24日), Proposal to encode one Tibetan astrological character
L2/05-279 Moore, Lisa (2005年11月10日), "Tibetan (C.7)", UTC #105 Minutes
N3103 (pdf, doc) Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2006年08月25日), "M48.20a", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 48, Mountain View, CA, USA; 2006年04月24日/27
U+0FD2..0FD4 3 L2/05-346 N3012 West, Andrew (2005年10月24日), Proposal to encode three archaic Tibetan characters
L2/05-347 Fynn, Christopher (2005年10月27日), Comments on: N3012 - Proposal to encode three archaic Tibetan characters
L2/05-364 Fynn, Christopher (2005年11月03日), Re: New Tibetan Proposals
L2/05-279 Moore, Lisa (2005年11月10日), "Tibetan (C.7)", UTC #105 Minutes
L2/06-043 N3032 West, Andrew (2006年01月30日), Proposal to encode one Tibetan punctuation mark
L2/06-044 N3033 West, Andrew (2006年01月30日), Proposal to encode two archaic Tibetan punctuation marks
L2/06-008R2 Moore, Lisa (2006年02月13日), "C.13", UTC #106 Minutes
N3103 (pdf, doc) Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2006年08月25日), "M48.20b, M48.20c", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 48, Mountain View, CA, USA; 2006年04月24日/27
N3153 (pdf, doc) Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2007年02月16日), "M49.1e", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 49 AIST, Akihabara, Tokyo, Japan; 2006年09月25日/29
L2/08-317 Muller, Eric (2008年08月11日), "1.8", South Asia Subcommittee Report
L2/08-253R2 Moore, Lisa (2008年08月19日), "Vedic (B.15.2, E.1)", UTC #116 Minutes
5.2 U+0FD5..0FD8 4 N3353 (pdf, doc) Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2007年10月10日), "M51.19", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 51 Hanzhou, China; 2007年04月24日/27
L2/07-148 N3268 Everson, Michael; Fynn, Christopher; Scharf, Peter; West, Andrew (2007年05月09日), Proposal to encode four religious characters in the Tibetan block
L2/07-118R2 Moore, Lisa (2007年05月23日), "Consensus 111-C19", UTC #111 Minutes
L2/09-060 N3537 Lata, Swaran (2008年10月14日), Proposal to add India specific annotation to Right facing Svasti
L2/08-379 Suignard, Michel (2008年10月21日), "Ireland T5", Disposition of comments on SC2 N 3989 (PDAM text for Amendment 6 to ISO/IEC 10646:2003)
6.0 U+0F8C..0F8F 4 L2/09-032 N3568 West, Andrew; Fynn, Christopher (2009年01月24日), Proposal to encode four Tibetan-Sanskrit letters used in Kalacakra texts
L2/09-003R Moore, Lisa (2009年02月12日), "B.15.11", UTC #118 / L2 #215 Minutes
L2/09-234 N3603 (pdf, doc) Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2009年07月08日), "M54.13d", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 54
U+0FD9..0FDA 2 L2/09-033 N3569 West, Andrew (2009年01月24日), Proposal to encode two Tibetan annotation marks
L2/09-003R Moore, Lisa (2009年02月12日), "B.15.11", UTC #118 / L2 #215 Minutes
L2/09-234 N3603 (pdf, doc) Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2009年07月08日), "M54.13e", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 54
  1. ^ Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names

Footnotes

[edit ]
  1. ^ In most Unicode Indic encodings, although one can force the system to display a visible halanta by using the zero-width non-joiner (ZWNJ) or force the use of a non‐conjunct joining form using the zero-width joiner (ZWJ), there is no method to force a conjunct consonant rendering, which is crucial when writing Tibetan. Some exceptions exist: for instance, Sinhala uses ZWJ to force a conjunct.

References

[edit ]
  1. ^ "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023年07月26日.
  2. ^ "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023年07月26日.
  3. ^ a b c "Unicode 1.0.1 Addendum" (PDF). The Unicode Standard. 1992年11月03日. Retrieved 2016年07月09日.
  4. ^ Kaplan, Michael (2007年08月28日). "Every character has a story #29: U+1000^H^H^H^H0f40, (TIBETAN or MYANMAR LETTER KA, depending on when you ask)". Sorting it all out.

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