Historical source
- Alemannisch
- العربية
- Azərbaycanca
- Català
- Чӑвашла
- Čeština
- Dansk
- Deutsch
- Español
- Esperanto
- Euskara
- فارسی
- 한국어
- हिन्दी
- Bahasa Indonesia
- Italiano
- עברית
- Latviešu
- Magyar
- Bahasa Melayu
- Монгол
- Nederlands
- 日本語
- Norsk bokmål
- Norsk nynorsk
- Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча
- Plattdüütsch
- Polski
- Português
- Română
- Русский
- Simple English
- Slovenčina
- Српски / srpski
- Українська
- 中文
A historical source encompasses "every kind of evidence that human beings have left of their past activities — the written word and spoken word, the shape of the landscape and the material artefact, the fine arts as well as photography and film."[1]
While the range of potential historical sources has expanded to include many non-documentary sources, nevertheless "the study of history has nearly always been based squarely on what the historian can read in documents or hear from informants".[2]
Historical sources are usually divided into primary and secondary, though some historians also refer to tertiary sources.
Types
[edit ]Primary source
[edit ]In the study of history as an academic discipline, a "primary source" (also called an "original source") is a first hand account of events by someone who lived through them. "Primary sources were made during the historical period that is being investigated."[3]
Secondary source
[edit ]In scholarship, a secondary source[4] [5] is a document or recording that relates or discusses information originally presented elsewhere.
A secondary source is one that gives information about a primary source. In a secondary source, the original information is selected, modified and arranged in a suitable format. Secondary sources involve generalization, analysis, interpretation, or evaluation of the original information.
Tertiary source
[edit ]A tertiary source is an index or textual consolidation of already published primary and secondary sources [6] that does not provide additional interpretations or analysis of the sources.[7] [8] Some tertiary sources can be used as an aid to find key (seminal) sources, key terms, general common knowledge [9] and established mainstream science on a topic. The exact definition of tertiary varies by academic field.
See also
[edit ]External links
[edit ]References
[edit ]- ^ Tosh, John. 1999. The Pursuit of History. 3rd Ed. Longman. p. 36
- ^ Tosh, John. 1999. The Pursuit of History. 3rd Ed. Longman. p. 37
- ^ "Primary and secondary sources explained".
- ^ "Primary, secondary and tertiary sources Archived 2020年02月18日 at the Wayback Machine". University Libraries, University of Maryland.
- ^ "Secondary sources Archived 2014年11月06日 at the Wayback Machine". James Cook University.
- ^ Primary, secondary and tertiary sources. Archived 2013年07月03日 at the Wayback Machine". University Libraries, University of Maryland. Retrieve 07/26/2013
- ^ "Tertiary Information Sources". Old Dominion University -- ODU Libraries. September 2012. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
- ^ "Tertiary sources Archived 2014年11月06日 at the Wayback Machine". James Cook University.
- ^ "Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Resources". University of New Haven.
