Sign that word 2!

Question

Sign that word 2!

Not that long ago, I posted a challenge called Sign that word!. In the challenge, you must find the signature of word, which is the letters put in order (e.g. The signature of this is hist). Now then, that challenge did quite well, but there was one key issue: it was WAY too easy (see the GolfScript answer). So, I've posted a similar challenge, but with more rules, most of which have been suggested by PPCG users in the comments on the previous puzzle. So, here we go!

Rules

1. Your program must take an input, then output the signature to STDOUT or the equivalent in whatever language your using.
2. You are not allowed to use built-in sorting functions, so stuff like $ in GolfScript is not allowed.
3. Multicase must be supported - your program must group letters of both uppercase and lowercase together. So the signature of Hello is eHllo, not Hello as you are given by the GolfScript answer on the first version.
4. There must be a free interpreter/compiler for your program, which you should link to.

Scoring

Your score is your byte count. Lowest byte count wins.

Leaderboard

Here is a Stack Snippet to generate both a regular leaderboard and an overview of winners by language.

To make sure that your answer shows up, please start your answer with a headline, using the following Markdown template:

# Language Name, N bytes

where N is the size of your submission. If you improve your score, you can keep old scores in the headline, by striking them through. For instance:

# Ruby, <s>104</s> <s>101</s> 96 bytes

var QUESTION_ID=55090;function answersUrl(e){return"http://api.stackexchange.com/2.2/questions/"+QUESTION_ID+"/answers?page="+e+"&pagesize=100&order=desc&sort=creation&site=codegolf&filter="+ANSWER_FILTER}function getAnswers(){jQuery.ajax({url:answersUrl(page++),method:"get",dataType:"jsonp",crossDomain:!0,success:function(e){answers.push.apply(answers,e.items),e.has_more?getAnswers():process()}})}function shouldHaveHeading(e){var a=!1,r=e.body_markdown.split("\n");try{a|=/^#/.test(e.body_markdown),a|=["-","="].indexOf(r[1][0])>-1,a&=LANGUAGE_REG.test(e.body_markdown)}catch(n){}return a}function shouldHaveScore(e){var a=!1;try{a|=SIZE_REG.test(e.body_markdown.split("\n")[0])}catch(r){}return a}function getAuthorName(e){return e.owner.display_name}function process(){answers=answers.filter(shouldHaveScore).filter(shouldHaveHeading),answers.sort(function(e,a){var r=+(e.body_markdown.split("\n")[0].match(SIZE_REG)||[1/0])[0],n=+(a.body_markdown.split("\n")[0].match(SIZE_REG)||[1/0])[0];return r-n});var e={},a=1,r=null,n=1;answers.forEach(function(s){var t=s.body_markdown.split("\n")[0],o=jQuery("#answer-template").html(),l=(t.match(NUMBER_REG)[0],(t.match(SIZE_REG)||[0])[0]),c=t.match(LANGUAGE_REG)[1],i=getAuthorName(s);l!=r&&(n=a),r=l,++a,o=o.replace("{{PLACE}}",n+".").replace("{{NAME}}",i).replace("{{LANGUAGE}}",c).replace("{{SIZE}}",l).replace("{{LINK}}",s.share_link),o=jQuery(o),jQuery("#answers").append(o),e[c]=e[c]||{lang:c,user:i,size:l,link:s.share_link}});var s=[];for(var t in e)e.hasOwnProperty(t)&&s.push(e[t]);s.sort(function(e,a){return e.lang>a.lang?1:e.lang<a.lang?-1:0});for(var o=0;o<s.length;++o){var l=jQuery("#language-template").html(),t=s[o];l=l.replace("{{LANGUAGE}}",t.lang).replace("{{NAME}}",t.user).replace("{{SIZE}}",t.size).replace("{{LINK}}",t.link),l=jQuery(l),jQuery("#languages").append(l)}}var ANSWER_FILTER="!t)IWYnsLAZle2tQ3KqrVveCRJfxcRLe",answers=[],page=1;getAnswers();var SIZE_REG=/\d+(?=[^\d&]*(?:&lt;(?:s&gt;[^&]*&lt;\/s&gt;|[^&]+&gt;)[^\d&]*)*$)/,NUMBER_REG=/\d+/,LANGUAGE_REG=/^#*\s*([^,]+)/;

body{text-align:left!important}#answer-list,#language-list{padding:10px;width:290px;float:left}table thead{font-weight:700}table td{padding:5px}

<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="//cdn.sstatic.net/codegolf/all.css?v=83c949450c8b"><div id="answer-list"> <h2>Leaderboard</h2> <table class="answer-list"> <thead> <tr><td></td><td>Author</td><td>Language</td><td>Size</td></tr></thead> <tbody id="answers"> </tbody> </table></div><div id="language-list"> <h2>Winners by Language</h2> <table class="language-list"> <thead> <tr><td>Language</td><td>User</td><td>Score</td></tr></thead> <tbody id="languages"> </tbody> </table></div><table style="display: none"> <tbody id="answer-template"> <tr><td>{{PLACE}}</td><td>{{NAME}}</td><td>{{LANGUAGE}}</td><td>{{SIZE}}</td><td><a href="{{LINK}}">Link</a></td></tr></tbody></table><table style="display: none"> <tbody id="language-template"> <tr><td>{{LANGUAGE}}</td><td>{{NAME}}</td><td>{{SIZE}}</td><td><a href="{{LINK}}">Link</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

• Fatalize: Must lowercase and uppercase be ordered? For example, for ThHihs, can we output hHhist or do we have to output hhHist or Hhhist?
• user42003: @Fatalize As long as they are grouped together, it doesn't matter. It can be any of those.
• feersum: @Kslkgh I do not wish to install a GolfScript interpreter in order to understand the question. The requirements should be clearly specified in the question itself.
• Matthieu M.: Correctly handling lower/upper case in Unicode is scary, so is this question voluntarily limited to ASCII letters: [a-zA-Z]?
• user344: You forgot to close the parenthesis after "see this GolfScript answer". xkcd.com/859

Answer 1

Pyth, 10 bytes

sm@+drd1zG

Try it online: Demonstration

Explanation:

 implicit: z = input string
 m G map each letter (variable d) of the alphabet to:
 +drd1 d + upper(d)
 @ z filter z for these two letters
s sum, join to a string

Answer 2

GOTO++, 531 bytes

niveaugourou 0
s=ENTRETONTEXTE()
§2 a=LeCaracNumero()&s *(1)
n=*(1)
costaud i=*(2)/&i infeg NombreDeLettres(&s)/i=+*(1)
b=LeCaracNumero()&s &i
c=&b
d=&a
GOTONULPOURLESNULS %4 }&b sup *(96){
c=-*(32)
§4 GOTONULPOURLESNULS %5 }&a sup *(96){
d=-*(32)
§5 GOTONULPOURLESNULS %1 }&c inf &d{
a=&b
n=&i
§1 faiblard
GOTOPRINTDUTEXTE()&a
s=Marijuana()}BOITEAPINGOUINS()}PrendsUnMorceau()&s *(0) &n{ }PrendsUnMorceau()&s }&n+*(1){ *(0){{ «»
GOTONONNULPOURLESNULS %3 }NombreDeLettres(&s) eg *(1){
GOTOPASMALIN %2
§3 GOTOPRINTDUTEXTE()&s

GOTO++ Project page

Here's a slighlty more readable and commented version of the code(Note that GOTO starts a comment in GOTO++):

niveaugourou 0 GOTO Allow every keyword to be used
s=ENTRETONTEXTE() GOTO Read from STDIN
§2 a=LeCaracNumero()&s *(1) GOTO Get first char in s
n=*(1) 
costaud i=*(2)/&i infeg NombreDeLettres(&s)/i=+*(1) GOTO Loop on every char of s
b=LeCaracNumero()&s &i GOTO b = i-th char
c=&b 
d=&a
GOTONULPOURLESNULS %4 }&b sup *(96){ GOTO If b is uppercase, goto §4 
c=-*(32) GOTO Get the uppercase ASCII value of b
§4 GOTONULPOURLESNULS %5 }&a sup *(96){ GOTO same as above but with a
d=-*(32) 
§5 GOTONULPOURLESNULS %1 }&c inf &d{ GOTO If b is after a in alphabetical order, goto §1 (next loop iteration)
a=&b GOTO Else replace a by b
n=&i 
§1 faiblard GOTO End loop
GOTOPRINTDUTEXTE()&a GOTO Print the value of a
t=PrendsUnMorceau()&s *(0) &n GOTO Get the part of s before a
u=PrendsUnMorceau()&s }&n+*(1){ *(0) GOTO Get the part of s after a
e=BOITEAPINGOUINS()&t &u GOTO Create an array of penguins containing the two substrings
s=Marijuana()&e «» GOTO Concatenate the penguins in the array
GOTONONNULPOURLESNULS %3 }NombreDeLettres(&s) eg *(1){ GOTO If s is one char long, goto §3
GOTOPASMALIN %2 GOTO Else goto §2
§3 GOTOPRINTDUTEXTE()&s GOTO Print the last char

• Alex A.: Marks of a great programming language: all commands are in French and the official website says "Send your logo et look dumb."
• Fatalize: @AlexA. Mark of a great programming language: function(arg) and function() arg are both valid. Also, priority brackets are } { and not the boring ( )

Answer 3

Haskell, 51

f s=[x|(a,b)<-zip['a'..'z']['A'..],x<-s,x==a||x==b]

The zip creates a list of pairs of characters [('a','A'), ...('z','Z')]. Because of truncation, the second endpoint doesn't need to be specified. For each pair in the list, we take the letters in the input string s that are either of the two characters in the pair.

Answer 4

Python 3, (削除) 72 (削除ここまで) 70 bytes

s=input()
print("".join(d*(ord(d)&31==c)for c in range(27)for d in s))

Assumes the input consists of only [a-zA-Z].

(-2 bytes thanks to @xnor)

• xnor: I think you can do "".join(c*b ...) for "".join(c ... if b) the same way sum(n ... if b) can be sum(n*b ...).
• xnor: Collapsing the two loops into a single loop with a sentinel, and compressing the equality check: c=1 for d in(input()+'~')*26:print(d[ord(d)&32^c:],end='');c+=d>'z' (67)
• Sp3000: @xnor I've added the first tip (thanks!) but I think you should post the second as a separate answer :)

Answer 5

Pyth, (削除) 15 (削除ここまで) 14 bytes

s*V/LzJ.irG1GJ

Thanks for isaacg for removing 1 byte.

I don't know much about Pyth yet, so this may not be golfed well.

Try it here.

• izzyg: One easy golf: s is the same as jk on a list of strings.

Answer 6

JavaScript (ES6), 71 (削除) 74 (削除ここまで)

Limited to A-Za-z (see comment by @Matthieu M)

Edit Too used to compose a single expression with commas, to avoid 'return'. Here an output is required, so I can use a simple for and forget about commas.

(削除) Using array comprehension the byte count is 73, but that is not valid EcmaScript 6 anymore (削除ここまで)

Usual note: test running the snippet on any EcmaScript 6 compliant browser (notably not Chrome not MSIE. I tested on Firefox, Safari 9 could go)

f=w=>{v=[];for(c of w)v[n=parseInt(c,36)]=(v[n]||'')+c;alert(v.join``)}

<input id=I value='Hellzapoppin'><button onclick=f(I.value)>-></button>

Answer 7

Javascript, (削除) 112 (削除ここまで) 194 bytes

r=[];t=[];a=s.split('').map(function(x){t[i=parseInt(x,36)]?t[i].push(x):t[i]=[x];return i;});while(l=a.length)r[l-1]=t[a.splice(a.indexOf(Math.max.apply({},a)),1)].pop();console.log(r.join(''))

This is far away from "golfed" but I'm a bit busy right now, just editted to remove sort.

• jrich: @frikinside While it might not help this solution since sorting was disallowed, Javascript ES6 arrow functions could help shorten this. (Not all browsers support ES6 yet, try Firefox). Maybe it'll help your future solutions though! :) An example of what it might look like: console.log(input.split('').sort((a,b)=>a.toLowerCase().localeCompare(b.toLowerCase())).join(''))
• frikinside: @UndefinedFunction Actually I choose to use plain javascript on purpose, for the "challenge" but thx a lot for the nice suggestion!
• frikinside: @edc65 actually I was aware of that in a previous comment (like u said) and I did not forget it, I wasn't have time until now.

Answer 8

Python 3, 64

A small improvement on Sp3000's answer, which uses the idea of iterating iterating the character indices, and for each one, iterating through the input to take characters that match up to case.

c=1
for d in(input__+'~')*26:print(end=d[ord(d)&31^c:]);c+=d>'z'

This uses a single loop, looping through the input 26 times. The separator ~ is used to know when to go to the next character index c. To whether character d matches value c up to case, the last five bits of the bit-value of d are xor-ed with c, with a 0 indicating a match.

Then, the character d is printed exactly when the result is 0, with an empty string otherwise.

Answer 9

Python 2.7, (削除) 114 (削除ここまで) 106 bytes

l=[0]*123
for e in raw_input():l[ord(e)]+=1
print''.join(chr(j)*l[j]for i in range(26)for j in(i+65,i+97))

Logs the presence of a char in a 123 length array(for including both A-Z and a-z ranges) and then iterates through it to get the non-zero entries.
Inefficient, but more efficient than brute forcing it(but longer :().

Testing it-

<< HelloWorldhi
>> deHhillloorW

• Blue: When I run it with HelloWorldhi, I get ['d', 'e', 'H', 'h', 'i', 'lll', 'oo', 'r', 'W']
• Kamehameha: @muddyfish oops my bad. I pasted the wrong code while trying out a couple of things. Thanks for that :)
• Blue: You don't need the if l[j] either.
• Kamehameha: @muddyfish Nice, they become empty strings(and are removed when joined). -8 bytes. Thanks :)
• Kamehameha: @SirParselot Yeah, but that seemed like modifying the input as given in the question, so didn't do that

Answer 10

PHP, (削除) 275 (削除ここまで) 270 bytes

<?php
for($i=65;$i<123;$i++){$v[$i]=chr($i);}foreach(str_split($argv[1])as$c){$a=array_search($c,$v);if($a<97){$p[]=($a+32);$z[]=$a;}else{$p[]=$a;}}foreach($p as$chr){$m=min($p);if($z[0]+32==$m){echo chr($m-32);unset($z[0]);}else{echo chr($m);}unset($p[array_search($m,$p)]);}

Explanation:
The code generates an array with every letter in the alphabet, which has its ASCII Value as Array Key. Afterwards the code generates a new array which contains the ASCII Values of the Input. Then the lowest Value gets printed out and gets removed.

Usage:
Call the script with an argument: php -d error_reporting=0 script.php Hello

Ungolfed Version:

<?php
$input = $argv[1];
$valueArray = [];
for($i=65;$i<123;$i++) {
 $valueArray[$i] = chr($i);
}
$new = str_split($input);
foreach($new as $char) {
 if(array_search($char, $valueArray)<97) {
 $newArray[] = (array_search($char, $valueArray)+32);
 $checkArray[] = array_search($char, $valueArray);
 } else {
 $newArray[] = array_search($char, $valueArray);
 }
}
foreach($newArray as $chr) {
 if($checkArray[0]+32 == min($newArray)) {
 $string .= chr(min($newArray)-32);
 unset($checkArray[0]);
 } else {
 $string .= chr(min($newArray));
 }
 $key = array_search(min($newArray), $newArray);
 unset($newArray[$key]);
}
echo $string;

Any advices are greatly appreciated.

• jrenk: Uppercase letters are not working ... need to fix this.
• jrenk: Fixed that the code also works when the Input has Uppercase letters.

Answer 11

Haskell, (削除) 83 (削除ここまで) 53 bytes

import Data.Char
f y=[c|x<-[' '..],c<-y,toLower c==x]

Usage: f "HelloWorldhi" -> "deHhillloorW".

How it works: let y be the input string

[ |x<-[' '..] ] -- for every x from Space to the last Unicode character
 ,c<-y -- loop through all character c from the input string
 c ,toLower c==x -- and keep those where the lowercase version equals x

Edit: 30 bytes saved, imagine that! Thanks @Mauris.

• lynn: Why not just import Data.Char;f y=[c|x<-[' '..],c<-y,toLower c==x] (53 bytes)? (This will take some time to terminate, because length [' '..] == 1114080 -- but it's finite.)
• nimi: @Mauris: Wow! Btw: 8.5sec on a 4 year old laptop is not too long.

Answer 12

Python 3, 61 bytes

A new answer for a different technique!

z=['']*42
for c in input():z[ord(c)&31]+=c
print(*z,sep='')

Noting that ord('a')&31==ord('A')&31 and that ord('z')&31==ord('Z')&31, we can simply create an array of empty strings and for each character add it to the array index of its ASCII value &31. When you print it, it will be sorted.

Limited to input a-zA-Z.

Answer 13

APL (Dyalog Extended), 8 bytes

s⊇⍨⍋⌈s←⍞

Try it online!

(If a function were OK, it would have been 5 bytes ⍋⍤⌈⊇⊢.)

⍋ can be controversial here, because the challenge says "built-in sorting functions not allowed" and ⍋, called "Grade", is definitely related to sorting but it doesn't sort the input by itself. Instead, it gives a list of indices which, when used to index into the original input, results in the sorted array:

 x←10 50 20 40 75
 ⍋x
1 3 4 2 5
 x[⍋x]
10 20 40 50 75

This can be also used to implement "sort-by", if we index into a different array other than x:

 'abcde'[⍋x]
acdbe

How it works

s⊇⍨⍋⌈s←⍞ ⍝ Full program
 s←⍞ ⍝ Take a line of string input and assign to s
 ⌈ ⍝ Uppercase the letters
 ⍋ ⍝ Grade up; find the sorting order
s⊇⍨ ⍝ Index into the original string s,
 ⍝ essentially sorting the string in the case-insensitive order

If ⍋ is not acceptable:

APL (Dyalog Extended), 12 bytes

∊⍞∘∩ ̈⎕A, ̈⌊⎕A

Try it online!

Set intersection in APL is essentially "erase the items in the left argument that do not appear in the right argument", so the duplicates in the left argument is preserved.

How it works

∊⍞∘∩ ̈⎕A, ̈⌊⎕A ⍝ Full program.
 ⎕A, ̈⌊⎕A ⍝ Pair each char in ⎕A (uppercase letters) with its lowercase
 ⍞∘∩ ̈ ⍝ Take intersection of entire input and each pair of chars
∊ ⍝ Flatten

Answer 14

Python 3, (削除) 97 (削除ここまで) 92 bytes

from itertools import*;print(*min(permutations(input()),key=lambda z:str(z).lower()),sep='')

The best way to sort is clearly to generate all permutations, and then pick the minimum, which just happens to be sorted :)

The strings are lowercased before comparison to abide by the 'case-aware' rules.

Warning: may be very slow with big strings.

An interpreter is located here.

Answer 15

Python 3, 118 bytes

i=input();i,x=map(list,(i,i.lower()))
while x:q=min(x);x.remove(q);q=[q.upper(),q][q in i];i.remove(q);print(q,end="")

Could be golfed much shorter, I know

• PurkkaKoodari: You can replace if q not in i: with if~-(q in i):.
• Blue: I do because I'm calling the .remove() function on it.

Answer 16

Powershell, 164 Bytes

I'm sure there's a cleaner way to do this, but I couldn't come up with anything else. Just takes the input as a character array, does an insertion sort, and spits out the output. Loses horribly, even to other non-golfing languages.

Code:

$a=[char[]]($args[0]);For($u=1;$u-lt$a.Count;$u++){$n=$a[$u];$l=$u;while(($l-gt0)-and((""+$a[$l-1]).CompareTo(""+$n)-gt0)){$a[$l]=$a[$l-1];$l--}$a[$l]=$n};$a-join''

Usage:

PS C:\scripts> .\sign-word-2.ps1 tTHhis
hHistT

Expanded & Explained:

$a=[char[]]($args[0]) # Takes command-line argument, recasts as char array
For($u=1;$u-lt$a.Count;$u++){ # Performs a quick-n-dirty insertion sort
 $n=$a[$u]
 $l=$u
 while(($l-gt0)-and((""+$a[$l-1]).CompareTo(""+$n)-gt0)){
 # Ugly, ugly code here. String.CompareTo(String) is case-insensitive, but
 # because we cast as a char[], Char.CompareTo(Char) is case-sensitive ...
 # So, need to do an on-the-fly re-casting as a string with ""+
 $a[$l]=$a[$l-1]
 $l--
 }
 $a[$l]=$n
}
$a-join'' # Without the -join'', it would print out the chars with a space between

Answer 17

Julia, 61 bytes

f=s->s>""?(k=indmax([s...]%32);f(s[k+1:end]s[1:k-1])s[k:k]):s

Julia will display it as a string output if you call it in the REPL. If it has to print out to STDOUT, then it needs 78 bytes:

x->(f=s->s>""?(k=indmax([s...]%32);f(s[k+1:end]s[1:k-1])s[k:k]):s;print(f(x)))

An interpreter for Julia can be found here. Another one, which I've already put some code into, is here. Note that, with the second one, you will need to make the terminal (at the bottom) visible by dragging the boundary up. Clicking "execute" will make it run in the terminal at the normal command line (and thus won't show the output if called without println). Alternatively, you can just type julia into the terminal itself, then handle everything inside the REPL that will come up.

And for a bit of extra fun, here are some other implementations

Gnome Sort (83 bytes):

s->(for m=2:endof(s),n=m:-1:2 s[n]%32<s[n-1]%32&&(s=s[[1:n-2,n,n-1,n+1:end]])end;s)

My own sorting algorithm (84 bytes):

s->(k=1;while length(k)>0 k=find(diff([s...]%32).<0);s=s[setdiff(1:end,k)]s[k]end;s)

Answer 18

Scala, 82 bytes

print((""/:args(0)){case(s,c)=>val(a,b)=s.span(h=>{if(h<97)32 else 0}+h<c);a+c+b})

from command line:

$ scala -e 'print((""/:args(0)){case(s,c)=>val(a,b)=s.span(h=>{if(h<97)32 else 0}+h<c);a+c+b})' Hello
eHllo

probably can be golfed a bit further... just implementing insertion sort using fold.

Answer 19

x86 machine code, (削除) 51 (削除ここまで) 42 bytes

00000000 b3 82 89 da 8b 07 80 fc 0d 74 12 b9 20 20 09 c1 |.........t.. ..|
00000010 38 e9 7e 06 86 c4 89 07 31 d2 43 eb e7 85 d2 74 |8.~.....1.C....t|
00000020 df c6 47 01 24 b4 09 cd 21 c3 |..G.$...!.|
0000002a

Bubble sort, with some register reuse tricks to shave bytes here and there; the .COM file runs in DosBox, receives the input from command line and prints the output to standard output.

sample session

Commented assembly:

 org 100h
section .text
start:
 ; bubble sort - external loop
ext:
 ; start from the first character (assume bh=0, true on every DOS)
 mov bl,82h
 ; "not-swapped" flag - 82h => no swaps in current iteration;
 ; 0 => a swap happened (the 82h will come in handy later)
 mov dx,bx
 ; bubble sort - internal loop
int:
 ; read 2 characters at time in the full ax
 mov ax,word[bx] ; al ah
 ; ^[bx] ^[bx+1]
 ; check if we are at the end (the command line is CR terminated)
 cmp ah,0dh
 je skip
 ; make uppercase in cx
 mov cx,2020h
 or cx,ax
 ; compare
 cmp cl,ch
 jle next
 ; wrong order - swap and rewrite
 xchg al,ah
 mov word[bx],ax
 ; mark that we did a swap
 xor dx,dx
next:
 ; next character
 inc bx
 jmp int
skip:
 ; loop as far as we swapped something
 test dx,dx
 jz ext
end:
 ; $-terminate the string
 mov byte[bx+1],'$'
 ; print
 ; dx already contains the location of the string, since that's the
 ; flag value we used for "no swaps"
 mov ah,9
 int 21h
 ret

Answer 20

Java (JDK 10), 125 bytes

s->{for(int i=s.length,j;i-->1;)for(j=i;j-->0;)s[i]^=(s[i]&95)<(s[j]&95)?s[j]^(s[j]=s[i]):0;System.out.print(new String(s));}

Try it online!

Using a naive sort.

Answer 21

Japt, 10 bytes

;BíC ËpUèD

Try it

;BíC ËpUèD :Implicit input of string U
;B :Uppercase alphabet
 í :Interleave
; C : Lowercase alphabet
 Ë :Map each D
 p : Repeat
 UèD : Count of D in U

Answer 22

Perl, 88 bytes

@_=/./g;a:{for(0..@_-2){@_[$_,$_+1]=@_[$_+1,$_],redo a if uc$_[$_]gt uc$_[$_+1]}}print@_

Just a simple Bubble Sort. Call with -n option to pass the text.

e.g:

echo "tThHiIsS" | perl -n sort2.pl

Output:

hHiIsStT

Answer 23

PHP, 106 bytes

The code:

$c=count_chars($argv[1]);$r=str_repeat;for($i=64;++$i<91;)echo$r(chr($i),$c[$i]),$r(chr($i+32),$c[$i+32]);

There is nothing special in the code; count_chars() produces an array indexed by ASCII codes that contains the number of occurrences for each ASCII character. The rest is a dull iteration over this array.

Example of execution:

$ php -d error_reporting=0 sign.php qwertyuioplkjhgfdsazxcvbnmQWERTYUIOPLKasdfJHGFDSAZXCVBNM
AaaBbCcDddEeFffGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSssTtUuVvWwXxYyZz

An extra byte can be saved using PHP 7: replace $c[$i] with ($c=count_chars($argv[1]))[$i] and remove the assignment of $c from the beginning of the program.

Answer 24

Haskell, 74 bytes

l=(`mod`32).fromEnum
f=foldr(#)""
e#[]=[e]
e#a@(h:t)|l e<l h=e:a|1<2=h:e#t

Completely different from my other answer. This time it's a simple Insertion sort.

Answer 25

Pip, (削除) 18 (削除ここまで) 14 bytes

GitHub repository for Pip

Seems there's no competing with Pyth, but this is pretty respectable.

FcAZ OcQUC_FIa

Works only on strings containing a-zA-Z. For each letter of the alphabet, uses a filter operation to grab the letters from the input string that equal that letter case-insensitively:

 a <- cmdline arg, AZ <- string containing uppercase alphabet (implicit)
FcAZ For each character c in AZ:
 FIa Filter characters of a on the following lambda function:
 UC_ Uppercase of character...
 Qc ... is equal to c
 O Output the resulting list, joined on empty string by default

Two notes:

• The space is necessary; otherwise, the sequence AZO would scan as A ZO instead of AZ O;
• The program doesn't output a trailing newline. To add one, put an x at the end of the code (thereby printing an empty string after the loop is done).

Sample run (using the x variant):

dlosc@dlosc:~/pip$ pip -e "FcAZ OcQUC_FIax" "HelLo wOrld"
deHlLloOrw

Answer 26

05AB1E, 8 bytes

œ.ΔlÇ\dP

Try it online or verify a few more test cases.

Explanation:

œ # Get all permutations of the (implicit) input-string
 .Δ # Find the first permutation which is truthy for:
 l # Convert it to lowercase
 Ç # Convert each character to its ASCII codepoint
 \ # Get the deltas / forward-differences of those codepoint integer
 d # Check that each difference is >= 0
 P # And check that all of them are truthy
 # (after which the found string is output implicitly as result)

Answer 27

Perl 5 -a, 31 bytes

for$i(a..z){print grep/$i/i,@F}

Try it online!

Answer 28

Vyxal g, 5 bytes

Ṗ'⇩ÞṠ

Try it Online!

7 bytes without the flag (;h at the end) or 6 bytes flagless (Ṗ‡⇩ÞṠc). This would otherwise output a list of the signature potentially repeated multiple times.

Things that sort things may be out of bounds, but things that check if things are sorted aren't.

Explained

Ṗ'⇩ÞṠ
Ṗ # From all permutations of the input
 ' # keep only those where:
 ⇩ # lowercasing the permutation
 ÞṠ # gives a sorted string

• Shaggy: I'm curious as to how Vyxal determines a string is sorted without, in some way, sorting it?
• lyxal: @Shaggy you don't need to sort something to see if it's sorted. You can just check that each overlapping pair is in order.