MathAction Common Mistakes



Common Mistakes
last edited 17 years ago by kratt6
  1. Omitting the {axiom} enviroment

    You have to use \begin{axiom} ... \end{axiom} or \begin{reduce} ... \end{reduce} before and after the command like this:

     \begin{reduce}
     int(1/(a+z^3), z);
     \end{reduce}
    

  2. Axiom commands do not end with ;

    Oh yes, note that for Axiom you don't end the command with ; and the command for integration in Axiom is integrate.

    fricas
    (1) -> integrate(1/(a+z^3), z)
    Type: Union(Expression(Integer),...)

  3. Reduce commands must end with a semicolon ;

    But it must be there for Reduce.

    r^2+r+1;
    reduce
    \displaylines{\qdd r^{2} +r +1 \cr}

  4. In Axiom ln is written log

    This won't work:

     \begin{axiom}integrate((x^2+2*x*ln(x)+5)/(sin(x^2+x^3-x^4)^2), x)\end{axiom}
    

    Put the \begin{axiom} and \end{axiom} on separate lines and notice that in Axiom ln is written log

    fricas
    integrate((x^2+2*x*log(x)+5)/(sin(x^2+x^3-x^4)^2), x)
    Type: Union(Expression(Integer),...)

  5. Don't put a \ in front of the axiom command

    This is wrong:

     \begin{axiom}
     \sqrt{49/100}
     \end{axiom}
    

    Begin each comment with an explanation. Don't put \ in front of the Axiom command.

    Do it like this:

     Some explanation
     \begin{axiom}
     sqrt{49/100}
     \end{axiom}
    

    Some explanation

    fricas
    sqrt{49/100}
    Type: AlgebraicNumber?

  6. No $ before and after

    This is wrong:

     \begin{axiom}
     $ \sqrt{49/100} $
     \end{axiom}
    

    Don't put $ before and after $ and there is no \ in front.

    Just do it like this:

     \begin{axiom}
     sqrt{49/100}
     \end{axiom}
    

    and what you will see is this:

    fricas
    sqrt{49/100}
    Type: AlgebraicNumber?

  7. Axiom sometimes interprets commands in unexpected ways

    This command appears to work

    fricas
    integrate(x^5 ln[x],x)
    Type: Union(Expression(Integer),...)

    But notice that

    fricas
    5 ln[x]
    Type: UnivariatePolynomial(ln[x],Integer)

    is something strange. Oddly perhaps, Axiom interprets 5 as a UnivariatePolynomial and 'ln[x]' as a subscripted Symbol and the result is a univariate polynomial in the variable 'ln[x]'.

    So perhaps what you meant to write was:

    fricas
    integrate(x^5*log(x),x)
    Type: Union(Expression(Integer),...)

  8. Use braces not parenthesis after begin and end

    The command:

     \begin(axiom)
     integrate(sin(x))
     \end(axiom)
    

    wont work.

    Use "braces" like this { } not parenthesis ( ) around {axiom}.

    Finally, unless the expression is a univariate polynomial, then you must also specify the variable with which to integrate.

    fricas
    integrate(sin(x),x)
    Type: Union(Expression(Integer),...)

  9. Use parenthesis not braces in Axiom commands

    This command:

     \begin{axiom}
     solve{xy=1,x}
     \end{axiom}
    

    uses {} after the solve operation. This is syntactically correct but it probably doesn't do what you might expect.

    fricas
    solve{xy=1,x}
    Type: List(Equation(Fraction(Polynomial(Integer))))

    In Axiom {...,...} is executed as a block of commands which returns the result of the last command in the sequence. Compare

    fricas
    a:={xy=1,x}
    Type: Variable(x)

    which is just x to

    fricas
    b:=(xy=1,x)
    Type: Tuple(Any)

    solve normally operates on such a tuple and

    fricas
    c:=[xy=1,x]
    Type: List(Any)

    which is a list and finally

    fricas
    c:=set [xy=1,x]
    Type: Set(Any)

    which is how to construct a set.

    Also notice that multiplication must be written using *

    fricas
    solve(x*y=1,x)
    Type: List(Equation(Fraction(Polynomial(Integer))))

  10. Use %minusInfinity and %plusInfinity

    I'd like to see if Axiom can do my favorite definite integral:

     \begin{axiom}
     integrate(x^4/(sinh(x))^2,x,-inf,inf)
     \end{axiom}
    

    In Axiom use %minusInfinity and %plusInfinity instead of -inf and inf.

    fricas
    integrate(x^4/(sinh(x))^2,x=%minusInfinity..%plusInfinity)
    Type: Union(pole: potentialPole,...)

  11. Numeric conversions

    The results of calculations depend on the type of the inputs You can tell Axiom that you would like the result expressed as a floating point number (if possible) using @. For example:

    fricas
    asin(1/2)@Float
    Type: Float

  12. Axiom prefers symbolic calculations

    The trig functions are expressed in radians so use \pi/2 instead 90 and 34\pi/180 instead of 34. Finally, because Axiom prefers symbolic calculations express 1.544 as a rational number

    fricas
    r:Fraction Integer:=1.544
    Type: Fraction(Integer)
    fricas
    eq1:=90*%pi/180-asin(n*sin(34*%pi/180)/r)=asin(n/r)
    Type: Equation(Expression(Integer))
    fricas
    s:=solve(eq1,n)
    Type: List(Equation(Expression(Integer)))

    Axiom thinks there are two solutions, unfortunately only one is valid:

    fricas
    eval(eq1,s.1)::Equation Expression Float
    Type: Equation(Expression(Float))
    fricas
    eval(eq1,s.2)::Equation Expression Float
    Type: Equation(Expression(Float))

  13. Coercion is sometimes necessary

    For example

    fricas
    integrate((4 - x**2)**.5::Expression Fraction Integer, x)
    There are no library operations named ** Use HyperDoc Browse or issue )what op ** to learn if there is any operation containing " ** " in its name.
    Cannot find a definition or applicable library operation named ** with argument type(s) Variable(x) PositiveInteger
    Perhaps you should use "@" to indicate the required return type, or "$" to specify which version of the function you need.

  14. Use either differentiate or the abbreviation D

    Since sin(x) cannot be interpreted as a univariate polynomial, you must specify the integration variable.

    fricas
    differentiate(sin(x),x)
    Type: Expression(Integer)

  15. MathAction requires that Axiom library code must beging with )abbrev. Typing )abb is not enough even though that works in Axiom itself.



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