Showing posts with label TOMB. Show all posts
Showing posts with label TOMB. Show all posts
Megalithic rock-cut tomb in Wayanad
Megalithic rock-cut tomb in Wayanad
BURIAL STRUCTURE:The rock-cut tomb discovered at Mukranmoola in the Neykuppa forest under the South Wayanad Forest Division.
A megalithic rock-cut tomb has been found at Mukranmoola in the Neykuppa forest, under the Chethalayath forest range, in Wayanad district.
Tribesmen grazing their cattle found the single-chambered, circular, and domical roofed tomb, cut in soft laterite.
The tomb, 7 feet in height and of 7-foot diameter, had a small square opening on the top. The rock-cut caves or rock-cut tombs are considered Iron Age burial structures. These are commonly found in the northern districts of the State where there are laterite beds.
The structure was similar to the one found at Choondal in Thrissur district some years ago.
Dolmens, urns, cists, menhirs, umbrella stones, and hood stones had also been identified to the age.
Cists and urns were commonly found in the district.
Archaeologists and historians believed that making a rock-cut tomb in the region was difficult due to the soft nature of soil. Hence, the recent discovery had great significance and it might rewrite the cultural history of the region, sources said.
Usually a variety of pottery, iron implements, and other artefacts are seen inside megalithic tombs. But, such artefacts are yet to be found inside this tomb. A thorough excavation would be needed.
Labels:
ANCIENT,
ARCHITECTURE,
FORT,
HISTORICAL,
HISTORY,
IMPORTANT,
KOTTA,
LEGEND,
MYTH,
PANAMARAM,
PREHISTORIC,
PULPALLY,
TEMPLE,
TOMB,
VELIAMBAM,
WAYANAD
Jain Temple Sultan Bathery the Legend and Myth
.
History about the Bathery
Sultan's Battery, also known as Sulthan Bathery, S.Bathery, Bathery, Dodappan kulam Mahaganapathivattam, Ganapathivattom and Hennaradu Vithi.Old name of this town was Kidanganadu,because the presence of the Kidangans the tribes. Besides, Sulthan Bathery was also known as Purakizha during the reign of the
Kulashekara kings.
A Municipality at Wayanad Dt, along Calicut Bangalore National Highway212.Biggest commercial centre in Wayanad.Second largest town in Wayanad.
Sultan Bathery is an ancient historical place .The Wayand history started before 3000 years ago when early man was started. Chroniclers believe that the area was occupied by people.
It
is believed that the wall inscriptions in Edakkal Caves (the oldest historical
monument in Wayanad) are closely related to Jainism. The Swastik mark, the mark
of the seventh Tirthankara, Suparswa Natha, has been engraved on the wall. The
Chandrabimbamark, the mark of the eighth Tirthankara, Chandra Natha, also can be
seen on the wall of the cave. The other inscriptions on the wall are the Hoysala
kings'. The former Hoysalas were Jains.
Jainism
Wayanad Jains are the first group who migrated to Wayanad.Hoysala kings were the rulers of Kamataka'in the 12th century and Wayanad was a part of Karnataka. At that time Wayanad was known as Bailnad. The rulers of Hoysala Dynasty were Jains till Vishnuvardha. Around the medivial period Saiva religion became a strong hold in Karnataka and the frequent attacks from Salva religion to Jain lead to the migration of Jains to Kerala and especially to Wayanad.
The
migrated Jains first came to Panamaram on the banks of Kabani river. From there
the Jain groups spread to the different parts of Wayanad. These Jains were
basical1y farmers. Digging and ploughing were against their belief. So as to
keep their belief they introduced eco-farming in Wayanad. Jainism was in its
peak in Wayanad during the days of Hoysala Dynasty. Hoysala kings promoted
Jainism and they sent many missionaries to the different parts to spread
Jainism. There are many proofs, which justify the existence of Jainism in
Wayanad. The history tells us that the Bathery Jain temple was built 800 years
ago.
Tippu
During Tipu Sultan's invasion in the 18th century an imposing fort was built here but unfortunately no remains of it stand today. The place known as Kottakunnu in Mysore road near Chungam (tax collecting gate) may have the site of the Fort, I assume. People misunderstands or mixed up the facts too often. I have witnessed people calling each and every fort or fort remains in Kerala esp. northern parts as Tipus fort or Tippu build this fort etc. During my colleges days in this town I got opportunity to find the facts. Actually nor Ganapathy temple or Jain temple was a fort of Tippu. There is another place called Sultan Bathery at Mangalore city in Karnataka which hosts a small fort at seaside and port. Its believed The fort is bulit by Tippu as a watch tower.
An ancient Ganapathi temple, of lord Mahaganapathy (Elephant faced boy god of God Siva and Goddess Parvathy) situates here, and hence the name Ganapathivattom. There is no connection between the two temples. This temple is in another site from the Jain temple which was used as Tippu's battery.
Visit here for a separate post for details of this temple.
During Tipu Sultan's invasion in the 18th century an imposing fort was built here but unfortunately no remains of it stand today. The place known as Kottakunnu in Mysore road near Chungam (tax collecting gate) may have the site of the Fort, I assume. People misunderstands or mixed up the facts too often. I have witnessed people calling each and every fort or fort remains in Kerala esp. northern parts as Tipus fort or Tippu build this fort etc. During my colleges days in this town I got opportunity to find the facts. Actually nor Ganapathy temple or Jain temple was a fort of Tippu. There is another place called Sultan Bathery at Mangalore city in Karnataka which hosts a small fort at seaside and port. Its believed The fort is bulit by Tippu as a watch tower.
Bathery Ganapathy Temple 1911
Ganapathi templeAn ancient Ganapathi temple, of lord Mahaganapathy (Elephant faced boy god of God Siva and Goddess Parvathy) situates here, and hence the name Ganapathivattom. There is no connection between the two temples. This temple is in another site from the Jain temple which was used as Tippu's battery.
Visit here for a separate post for details of this temple.
Histoy Bathery Jain Temple
Earlier
this temple was known as Kidangad Basti and the older name of Bathery was
Hennaredu Bedhi (twelve streets). These two names are Kannada names and it shows
the influence of the Kamataka Jains. Some other similar place names are:
Dodappan Kulam, Varadoor, Kaniyan Betta, Kalbetta , Arapatta, Echome, Beenachi, Kollur, Thaloor,Bavali Muthanga Meenagadi, Banasura,Bennagode (Venniyode), Palagonthu (Palukunnu), Muthangadi (Puthangadi), and
Hosengadi (Mananthavady). All these Kannada names are the fool-proof evidence to
justify the existence of Jains in Wayanad.
This Jain temple is considered to be built in the 13th century. Tippu Sultan used this temple as his Battery (shells store) for his army and hence it is also known as Tippu's fort. This Jain temple is the most important place with Jain ruins, in Kerala. For a while the Jain temple also served as a Hindu shrine, an important center for commercial activity. The temples at Punchavayal and Puthenangadi are other significant Jain remnants in Wayanad. There beautifully carved pillars are partly ruined
Architecture about Bathery Jain Temple
This temple is an excellent piece of Jain architecture.The Architecture Style of temple is not resembles with ancient and Unique style of Keralia architecture.The Basadi(Basti) has been beautifully built with wonderful architecture and carved pillars. The inner sanctum has a carving of Mahavir Jain. There is also a raised platform with chiseled pillars in front of the main sanctum.Wayanad is an important tourist spot for Jains and multi cultural guests. There are many Occasion celebrated in temple every year respectively.Large no of devotees come to visit the temple for worship.
This temple is an excellent piece of Jain architecture.The Architecture Style of temple is not resembles with ancient and Unique style of Keralia architecture.The Basadi(Basti) has been beautifully built with wonderful architecture and carved pillars. The inner sanctum has a carving of Mahavir Jain. There is also a raised platform with chiseled pillars in front of the main sanctum.Wayanad is an important tourist spot for Jains and multi cultural guests. There are many Occasion celebrated in temple every year respectively.Large no of devotees come to visit the temple for worship.
Vijayanagara Connections ( read Hampi)
The architecture of the temple has strong influences of the then Vijayanagar architectural style and it is made wholly of granite. The walls and interiors of shrine are adorned with the intricate stone carvings made in the one of the traditional styles . One of the specialities of this temple is that for the construction of the
temple no piece of wood has been used, even the roof of the temple is made of
stones.
The history
At
Sultan's Battery in the Wynad Taluk nearly two furlongs to the south of the
town and a few yards south of the sixtieth mile stone on the Mysore road,
stands a vasti temple, a magnificent and an interesting relic of the Jain colony
that lived and flourished here years ago, and then became practically extinct.
The neighbourhood is still known as "Hennaradu Vithi " which in
Kannada means 12 streets indicating the colony of Jains that settled there,
and the tank which they used for bathing purposes was called " Dodappan
kulam " which however can hardly be identified, as it has been gradually
filled up with earth brought in by the heavy monsoon.
The place is deserted but
the inhabitants of Sultan's Battery would point out where the street and the
kulam existed. The families that settled there became extinct and the few who
survived left the place so that there are no Jains here now.
The Myth
The cause of
extinction of a flourishing colony is believed to be the following :
A Sannyasi
(hermit) finding his way to the village, handed over a pot to one of the
residents and asked him to keep it till his return. The man hung up the pot in
his room and after a few days found that the pot was slightly leaky, and the
droppings, which fell on the iron utensils and agricultural implements, converted
them into gold. The pot was found to contain liquefied gold and it was at once
freely utilised by the members of the Jain community to convert all the iron
they possessed into gold. The house in which the pot was kept was then set fire
to and the gold buried in the ground. The Sannyasi returned and on asking for
his Kanakam (കനകം ) (gold) pot, was informed that it was lost in the fire. He then
cursed them : " The treasure that you have buried knee-deep in the earth
shall not be found and this city shall become a ruin." Thus was the colony
of the Jains ruined and the large quantity of gold which even now is believed
to exist underground never discovered. In fact several attempts appear to have
been made to get at the hidden treasure but none was successful and the Moplas
of Sultan's Battery have been anxious to secure the temple site, which however
has been reserved against such alienation.
Other posts related to Wayanad in this blog
Update on Jain Temple
നവീകരണത്തിന്റെ പേരില് ജൈനക്ഷേത്രത്തിന്റെ പാരപ്പറ്റ് തകര്ത്തു
Story Dated: Friday, October 17, 2014 12:55
ബത്തേരി: 12-ാം നൂറ്റാണ്ടിലെ നിര്മ്മിതിയെന്ന് പുരാവസ്തു വകുപ്പ് കണ്ടെത്തിയ ബത്തേരിയിലെ ജൈന ക്ഷേത്രം പുരാവസ്തുവകുപ്പു തന്നെ ഭാഗികമായി പൊളിച്ചുനീക്കി. നവീകരണത്തിന്റെ പേരില് നടത്തിയ നശീകരണ പ്രവര്ത്തിയില് പ്രതിഷേധിച്ച് നാട്ടുകാര് രംഗത്തെത്തി അധികൃതരെ തടഞ്ഞു. ജൈന സംസ്കൃതിയുടെ ചരിത്രശേഷിപ്പുകളില് പ്രധാനപ്പെട്ട ഗണപതിവട്ടത്തെ ജൈനക്ഷേത്രത്തിന്റെ നവീകരണജോലികള് ഇതിന്റെ സമ്പൂര്ണ്ണ നാശത്തിന് കാരണമാകുമെന്നാണ് ഒടുവിലുള്ള ആശങ്ക. ആര്ക്കിയോളജിക്കല് സര്വെ ഓഫ് ഇന്ത്യയുടെ സംരക്ഷണയിലുള്ള ക്ഷേത്രമാണിത്. ചരിത്രസ്മാരകങ്ങളുടെ നവീകരണജോലികളില് പാലിക്കേണ്ട മാനദണ്ഡങ്ങള് അവഗണിച്ച് ജെസിബി പോലുള്ള യന്ത്രങ്ങള് നിയന്ത്രണമില്ലാതെ ഉപയോഗിച്ചാണ് പ്രവൃത്തി നടത്തിയത്. നവീകരണജോലികള് മുന്നോട്ട് നീങ്ങിയാല് ഏത്സമയവും ഈ ചരിത്രസ്മാരകം നിലംപൊത്താമെന്ന സ്ഥിതിയാണ്. ഇത് തിരിച്ചറിഞ്ഞ നാട്ടുകാര് ഇന്നലെ ഉച്ചയോടെ നിര്മ്മാണ ജോലികള് നിര്ത്തിവെപ്പിക്കുകയായിരുന്നു. ഒന്നരകോടി രൂപ മുതല്മുടക്കിലാണ് നവീകരണ ജോലികള് നടത്താന് തീരുമാനിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നതെന്നറിയുന്നു. എന്നാല് പുരാവസ്തു വകുപ്പ് ഓഫീസുകമായി ബന്ധപ്പെട്ടപ്പോള് കൃത്യമായ തുക വെളിപ്പെടുത്താതെ അവര് ഒഴിഞ്ഞുമാറുകയാണ് ചെയ്തത്. ഏകദേശം 15 ദിവസത്തോളമായി ജൈനക്ഷേത്രത്തില് നിര്മാണ പ്രവര്ത്തികള് നടത്തിവരുകയായിരുന്നു. ഇന്നലെ ഹിറ്റാച്ചിയുമായി എത്തി റോഡ് കുത്തിപ്പൊളിച്ചു. ക്ഷേത്രത്തിലെ മുകളിലെ പാരപ്പറ്റ് തകര്ക്കുകയും ചെയ്തു. നടപ്പാതയില് കല്ല് വിരിച്ച് മോടികൂട്ടാനാണ് ഹിറ്റാച്ചി ഉപയോഗിച്ച് നിലം മാന്തിയെതെന്നായിരുന്നു ബന്ധപ്പെട്ടവരുടെ വിശദീകരണം. ജൈനക്ഷേത്ര പരിസരത്തെ പുരാവസ്തുവകുപ്പ് സംരക്ഷിത മേഖലയായി പ്രഖ്യാപിച്ചിട്ടുണ്ട്. 100 മീറ്റര് ചുറ്റളവില് നിര്മാണ പ്രവര്ത്തനങ്ങള് പാടില്ലെന്നാണ് നിര്ദേശം. ഈ സാഹചര്യത്തില് പുരാവസ്തു വകുപ്പ് തന്നെ ക്ഷേത്രത്തിന്റെ ഭാഗങ്ങള് തകര്ക്കാന് തുടങ്ങിയതാണ് പ്രദേശവാസികളെ ചൊടിപ്പിച്ചത്. നാട്ടുകാരുടെ പ്രതിഷേധത്തെ തുടര്ന്ന് പോലീസും റവന്യൂ അധികൃതരും സ്ഥലത്തെത്തി. ക്ഷേത്രത്തിന്റെ പരിസരത്ത് നിന്ന് കുറേ മദ്യകുപ്പികള് കണ്ടെടുത്തു. വിവാദത്തെ തുടര്ന്ന് നവീകരണം നിറുത്തിവെക്കാന് റവന്യൂ അധികൃതര് പുരാവസ്തു വകുപ്പിന് നിര്ദേശം നല്കിയിട്ടുണ്ട്. 2001 ല് ആര്ക്കിയോളജിക്കല് സര്വെ ഓഫ് ഇന്ത്യ നവീകരണ ജോലികള് നടത്തിയ ക്ഷേത്രമാണിത്. അന്ന് പ്രവൃത്തി എളുപ്പത്തില് തീര്ക്കാന് ചട്ടങ്ങള്ക്ക് വിരുദ്ധമായി ക്ഷേത്രത്തിന്റെ മേല്ക്കൂരയില് മണ്ണ് നിരത്തുകയായിരുന്നു. ഇത് ക്ഷേത്രം ചോര്ന്നൊലിക്കാന് കാരണമായി. ഇതിന്റെ പേരിലാണ് നവീകരണം നടത്തുന്നത്. വയനാട്ടില് ജൈനസംസ്കൃതിയുടെ സുവര്ണ്ണകാലത്ത് എഡി 12-13 നൂറ്റാണ്ടുകളില് ഹൊയ്സാല നിര്മ്മാണരീതിയില് പണികഴിപ്പിച്ച ജൈന ബസ്തിയാണിത്. വയല്നാട് രാജാവായിരുന്ന ഇരവിരവിവര്മ്മനും പൂതാടി രാജസ്ഥാനത്തിലെ പടനായരായിരുന്നു രായിരായന് കേളന് എന്നിവരും പലകാലങ്ങളില് ഈ ക്ഷേത്രത്തിന്റെ സംരക്ഷകരായിരുന്നുവെന്ന് വയനാടിന്റെ ചരിത്രകാരന്മാരില് ഒരാളായ മുണ്ടക്കയം ഗോപി പറയുന്നു. 11ാം നൂറ്റാണ്ടുമുതല് ദീര്ഘകാലം സമ്പന്നമായ ജൈനസംസ്ക്കാരത്തിന്റെ വിളനിലമായിരുന്നു ഇന്നത്തെ ബത്തേരി. എന്നരുതുബീഥി എന്നറിയപ്പെട്ട 12 ജനപഥങ്ങളുടെ സംഗമസ്ഥാനമായിരുന്നു ഇതെന്ന് ചരിത്രരേഖകള് സാക്ഷ്യപെടുത്തുന്നു. 18 പട്ടണസ്സാര് എന്ന ജൈനവണിക് സംഘത്തിന്റെ ആസ്ഥാനങ്ങളില് ഒന്നുമായിരുന്നു ഈ പ്രദേശമെന്ന് രേഖലിഖിതങ്ങളുണ്ട്. വരദൂര് ജലധാരാലിഖിതത്തിലും ഈ ക്ഷേത്രത്തെ സംബന്ധിച്ച് പരാമര്ശങ്ങളുണ്ട്. 17ാം നൂറ്റാണ്ടിന്റെ അവസാനത്തോടെയാണ് ഇവിടെനിന്നും ജൈനമതവിശ്വാസികള് പിന്മാറിതുടങ്ങിയത്. ഇതോടെ മൈസൂര് അധിനിവേശത്തിന്റെ പിടിയിലായ പ്രദേശവും ക്ഷേത്രങ്ങളും അവഗണിക്കപ്പെടുകയായിരുന്നു. വയനാട്ടില് അവശേഷിക്കുന്ന ജൈനകാലഘട്ടത്തിന്റെ പ്രധാനശേഷിപ്പുകളില് ഒന്നാണിത്.
നവീകരണത്തിന്റെ പേരില് ജൈനക്ഷേത്രത്തിന്റെ പാരപ്പറ്റ് തകര്ത്തു
Story Dated: Friday, October 17, 2014 12:55
ബത്തേരി: 12-ാം നൂറ്റാണ്ടിലെ നിര്മ്മിതിയെന്ന് പുരാവസ്തു വകുപ്പ് കണ്ടെത്തിയ ബത്തേരിയിലെ ജൈന ക്ഷേത്രം പുരാവസ്തുവകുപ്പു തന്നെ ഭാഗികമായി പൊളിച്ചുനീക്കി. നവീകരണത്തിന്റെ പേരില് നടത്തിയ നശീകരണ പ്രവര്ത്തിയില് പ്രതിഷേധിച്ച് നാട്ടുകാര് രംഗത്തെത്തി അധികൃതരെ തടഞ്ഞു. ജൈന സംസ്കൃതിയുടെ ചരിത്രശേഷിപ്പുകളില് പ്രധാനപ്പെട്ട ഗണപതിവട്ടത്തെ ജൈനക്ഷേത്രത്തിന്റെ നവീകരണജോലികള് ഇതിന്റെ സമ്പൂര്ണ്ണ നാശത്തിന് കാരണമാകുമെന്നാണ് ഒടുവിലുള്ള ആശങ്ക. ആര്ക്കിയോളജിക്കല് സര്വെ ഓഫ് ഇന്ത്യയുടെ സംരക്ഷണയിലുള്ള ക്ഷേത്രമാണിത്. ചരിത്രസ്മാരകങ്ങളുടെ നവീകരണജോലികളില് പാലിക്കേണ്ട മാനദണ്ഡങ്ങള് അവഗണിച്ച് ജെസിബി പോലുള്ള യന്ത്രങ്ങള് നിയന്ത്രണമില്ലാതെ ഉപയോഗിച്ചാണ് പ്രവൃത്തി നടത്തിയത്. നവീകരണജോലികള് മുന്നോട്ട് നീങ്ങിയാല് ഏത്സമയവും ഈ ചരിത്രസ്മാരകം നിലംപൊത്താമെന്ന സ്ഥിതിയാണ്. ഇത് തിരിച്ചറിഞ്ഞ നാട്ടുകാര് ഇന്നലെ ഉച്ചയോടെ നിര്മ്മാണ ജോലികള് നിര്ത്തിവെപ്പിക്കുകയായിരുന്നു. ഒന്നരകോടി രൂപ മുതല്മുടക്കിലാണ് നവീകരണ ജോലികള് നടത്താന് തീരുമാനിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നതെന്നറിയുന്നു. എന്നാല് പുരാവസ്തു വകുപ്പ് ഓഫീസുകമായി ബന്ധപ്പെട്ടപ്പോള് കൃത്യമായ തുക വെളിപ്പെടുത്താതെ അവര് ഒഴിഞ്ഞുമാറുകയാണ് ചെയ്തത്. ഏകദേശം 15 ദിവസത്തോളമായി ജൈനക്ഷേത്രത്തില് നിര്മാണ പ്രവര്ത്തികള് നടത്തിവരുകയായിരുന്നു. ഇന്നലെ ഹിറ്റാച്ചിയുമായി എത്തി റോഡ് കുത്തിപ്പൊളിച്ചു. ക്ഷേത്രത്തിലെ മുകളിലെ പാരപ്പറ്റ് തകര്ക്കുകയും ചെയ്തു. നടപ്പാതയില് കല്ല് വിരിച്ച് മോടികൂട്ടാനാണ് ഹിറ്റാച്ചി ഉപയോഗിച്ച് നിലം മാന്തിയെതെന്നായിരുന്നു ബന്ധപ്പെട്ടവരുടെ വിശദീകരണം. ജൈനക്ഷേത്ര പരിസരത്തെ പുരാവസ്തുവകുപ്പ് സംരക്ഷിത മേഖലയായി പ്രഖ്യാപിച്ചിട്ടുണ്ട്. 100 മീറ്റര് ചുറ്റളവില് നിര്മാണ പ്രവര്ത്തനങ്ങള് പാടില്ലെന്നാണ് നിര്ദേശം. ഈ സാഹചര്യത്തില് പുരാവസ്തു വകുപ്പ് തന്നെ ക്ഷേത്രത്തിന്റെ ഭാഗങ്ങള് തകര്ക്കാന് തുടങ്ങിയതാണ് പ്രദേശവാസികളെ ചൊടിപ്പിച്ചത്. നാട്ടുകാരുടെ പ്രതിഷേധത്തെ തുടര്ന്ന് പോലീസും റവന്യൂ അധികൃതരും സ്ഥലത്തെത്തി. ക്ഷേത്രത്തിന്റെ പരിസരത്ത് നിന്ന് കുറേ മദ്യകുപ്പികള് കണ്ടെടുത്തു. വിവാദത്തെ തുടര്ന്ന് നവീകരണം നിറുത്തിവെക്കാന് റവന്യൂ അധികൃതര് പുരാവസ്തു വകുപ്പിന് നിര്ദേശം നല്കിയിട്ടുണ്ട്. 2001 ല് ആര്ക്കിയോളജിക്കല് സര്വെ ഓഫ് ഇന്ത്യ നവീകരണ ജോലികള് നടത്തിയ ക്ഷേത്രമാണിത്. അന്ന് പ്രവൃത്തി എളുപ്പത്തില് തീര്ക്കാന് ചട്ടങ്ങള്ക്ക് വിരുദ്ധമായി ക്ഷേത്രത്തിന്റെ മേല്ക്കൂരയില് മണ്ണ് നിരത്തുകയായിരുന്നു. ഇത് ക്ഷേത്രം ചോര്ന്നൊലിക്കാന് കാരണമായി. ഇതിന്റെ പേരിലാണ് നവീകരണം നടത്തുന്നത്. വയനാട്ടില് ജൈനസംസ്കൃതിയുടെ സുവര്ണ്ണകാലത്ത് എഡി 12-13 നൂറ്റാണ്ടുകളില് ഹൊയ്സാല നിര്മ്മാണരീതിയില് പണികഴിപ്പിച്ച ജൈന ബസ്തിയാണിത്. വയല്നാട് രാജാവായിരുന്ന ഇരവിരവിവര്മ്മനും പൂതാടി രാജസ്ഥാനത്തിലെ പടനായരായിരുന്നു രായിരായന് കേളന് എന്നിവരും പലകാലങ്ങളില് ഈ ക്ഷേത്രത്തിന്റെ സംരക്ഷകരായിരുന്നുവെന്ന് വയനാടിന്റെ ചരിത്രകാരന്മാരില് ഒരാളായ മുണ്ടക്കയം ഗോപി പറയുന്നു. 11ാം നൂറ്റാണ്ടുമുതല് ദീര്ഘകാലം സമ്പന്നമായ ജൈനസംസ്ക്കാരത്തിന്റെ വിളനിലമായിരുന്നു ഇന്നത്തെ ബത്തേരി. എന്നരുതുബീഥി എന്നറിയപ്പെട്ട 12 ജനപഥങ്ങളുടെ സംഗമസ്ഥാനമായിരുന്നു ഇതെന്ന് ചരിത്രരേഖകള് സാക്ഷ്യപെടുത്തുന്നു. 18 പട്ടണസ്സാര് എന്ന ജൈനവണിക് സംഘത്തിന്റെ ആസ്ഥാനങ്ങളില് ഒന്നുമായിരുന്നു ഈ പ്രദേശമെന്ന് രേഖലിഖിതങ്ങളുണ്ട്. വരദൂര് ജലധാരാലിഖിതത്തിലും ഈ ക്ഷേത്രത്തെ സംബന്ധിച്ച് പരാമര്ശങ്ങളുണ്ട്. 17ാം നൂറ്റാണ്ടിന്റെ അവസാനത്തോടെയാണ് ഇവിടെനിന്നും ജൈനമതവിശ്വാസികള് പിന്മാറിതുടങ്ങിയത്. ഇതോടെ മൈസൂര് അധിനിവേശത്തിന്റെ പിടിയിലായ പ്രദേശവും ക്ഷേത്രങ്ങളും അവഗണിക്കപ്പെടുകയായിരുന്നു. വയനാട്ടില് അവശേഷിക്കുന്ന ജൈനകാലഘട്ടത്തിന്റെ പ്രധാനശേഷിപ്പുകളില് ഒന്നാണിത്.
Rare & old Photos of Valapattanam Palli
Kakkulangara mosque, Valapattanam
This mosque has one of the oldest existing minarets in Kerala and has the graves of Abubakr ibn Muhammad, grandson of the first Caliph Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (573–634 CE) and his companions who settled in Valapattanam to propagate Islam.The ancient capital of the Mooshika-vansham or Kolathri Kings of Ezhimala, Valapattanam was an important trading town on the banks of the Valapattanam River. The old mosque Kakkulangara Palli was built with laterite that was excavated from nearby, creating the picturesque green pond beside it.
Another version is that Malik Dinar established this moque along with Madayi Mosque
I do not know more details : in question or not available completly. A different version from famous traveller Ibn Bathutha given below.
Ibn Battutha Quote abot this mosque
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Pazhassi Raja Tomb
Pazhassi Raja Tomb, Mananthavady
Pazhassi Raja, a scion of the Kottayam Royal family
was one of the earliest to strike the banner of revolt against British lordship
in this part of India. He remained successful for a remarkably long period until
finally the English brought in heavy reinforcements from Madras and
Bombay.
The memorial of Veera Pazhassi Raja known as the Lion of Kerala who organised guerilla warfare against British East India company is situated at Mananthavady. The Pulpally cave near by is where the Pazhassi took refuge until he was captured by the British. He was downed in a ferocious encounter that took place at Mavilanthode in the last days of 1805. Pazhassi's tomb marks the point where he was cremated. Pazhassi museum is located nearby where a sword, which is believed to be of Pazhassi's era is kept.
The memorial of Veera Pazhassi Raja known as the Lion of Kerala who organised guerilla warfare against British East India company is situated at Mananthavady. The Pulpally cave near by is where the Pazhassi took refuge until he was captured by the British. He was downed in a ferocious encounter that took place at Mavilanthode in the last days of 1805. Pazhassi's tomb marks the point where he was cremated. Pazhassi museum is located nearby where a sword, which is believed to be of Pazhassi's era is kept.
Pazhassi tomb sign board.
Pazhassi Raja Tomb, Mananthavady present.
But there was a huge Tree was there exactly at the place of the Tomb. It was locally called Coly tree, a subspecies of banyan tree. lot of parasitic herbs and other trees are mixed with it and one cannot identify by only checking the leaves of the tree. Because as my wonder the tree has 8 or 9 types of leaves....I played here in my childhood and was attached a lot.
I try to present a chronological order of photos in this blog taken from same position
Pazhassi Raja Tomb- old coly tree
Pazhassi Raja Tomb the tree is going to die -last moments of the tree.
Pazhassi Raja Tomb when tree fell.
Pazhassi Raja Tomb- next 2 or 3 years it remained in this condition
Pazhassi Raja Tomb -occasional renovations only happened - Archaeological department plans to stuff the remains. Under the guidance of Pazhassi Library Mananthavady and WFF, we formed a group of nature lovers.We formed Green lovers under Pazhassi Library. I was the founder Advisor com President and designer of the theme and logo.
Green lovers -last remains of the tree
Pazhassi Raja Tomb Some of my friends joined with me to nourish a new banyan tree at the site. But Government has an another plan.
Green lovers started from this point and our discussions held here in the evenings.
Pazhassi Raja Tomb Renovations on the go.
Pazhassi Raja Tomb-Looks wonderful after the work in rainy day.
Pazhassi Raja Tomb- after some finishing touches. But we lost the shadow and freshness of the old big tree.
Other posts related to Wayanad in this blog
Wayanad Photos- Nostalgia
Jain Temple In Wayanad Long back Picture.
Narayana Gurukulam Gate In Pookode Lake
I stayed there i for long days while i workied in Vythiry TQ Hospital .
I stayed there i for long days while i workied in Vythiry TQ Hospital .
Thirunelli Temple Long ago.
I am frequent visitor from Childhood
I am frequent visitor from Childhood
The water well in deep forest in Ponkuzhy
Made up by tree trunk The tribals drink from it. for generations
Made up by tree trunk The tribals drink from it. for generations
Other posts related to Wayanad in this blog
RESTING PLACE OF PAZHASSIRAJA
In the 1980s, as a young boy, I harbored a fear of our Mathematics teacher and his punitive measures involving a stick. I was an ordinary student at the Government UP School in Mananthavady, commonly referred to as the Board School. Among my peers, there was a widespread belief that carrying a leaf from the Pazhassi tree would exempt us from punishment. Remarkably, this belief proved effective. Consequently, I was drawn to the nearby tomb site, which was in close proximity to our primary classroom, and this initial visit soon turned into an obsession. The site appeared desolate and intimidating to children, attracting only the bravest among us. Surrounded by dense greenery, the area featured a large Banyan tree that enveloped a tomb constructed from red laterite blocks, which could only be discerned upon closer inspection.
I learned my reading skills at this Board School, a generous contribution from the British to this underdeveloped region. The first letters I recognized outside of school were on the large wooden display board of the archaeological department, which briefly details the cremation of Pazhassi. I still recall the text, which was in Malayalam and stated: The valiant heart of Kerala, Veera Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja, rests here. He was killed in battle against the British on November 30, 1805, and his body was transported to Mananthavady by the British in Colonel Baber's palanquin, where it was cremated with full military honors.
An old structure established in 1929, located just down the road from Mananthavady town, served as the Pazhassi Raja Memorial Library. In the 1990s, I held a position as one of the office bearers there. The original building was eventually demolished to make way for a new commercial complex that now houses the library, which has since become one of the finest libraries in Wayanad. Although my college major was Pure Science, I developed a keen interest in local history and explored various books on the subject. I had previously sought out William Logan’s Malabar Manual but was unable to read it until recently.
Years later, I was assigned to Tellichery General Hospital by the government, located near the British factory. I began to view the surroundings with a fresh perspective; the church, fort, and even the playground captivated my interest. I yearned to revisit the historical narrative of the area. Utilizing various online resources and maps, I gathered information about notable locations. With this objective in mind, I explored the historical sites of Tellichery, including its old city and ancient structures, on my motorbike. I observed that, due to our climate's six months of heavy rainfall, many buildings deteriorate rapidly, while new constructions are emerging, providing substantial income for the local populace. I extended my search to Calicut, Beypore Faroke,Kannur, Darmapatanum, Darmodam, Valapatnam, Mahe, Peria, Kottiyoor etc. most of the route are familiar to me before, because I have to travel these areas with work related trips, for example I can travel Tellichery to Mananthavady (My home) through kathiroor, KOTTAYAM, Kannavam, Kottiyoor, Elapedika, Peria, Palchuram etc, all relevant to history. I visited some of the Nambiars houses and spent time with elders to grasp an idea of old days.
And search now continues.
On lunch breaks we frequently goes there, sometimes with the free school made pudding with Amrican Wheat – Upma in Malayalam in a plastic cover. We would place wildflowers on the tomb and made sure to clean the area after our meal, mindful of the warnings from the older boys that Pazhassi might awaken from his slumber if we were too loud. The tree at the site was enormous, featuring a significant fissure on its left side that led to a small cave-like structure within the tomb. A couple of ten-year-old boys could easily fit inside this cave. We frequently observed small snakes and various creatures around the tomb and cave, yet only the overly adventurous, like my friends and me, dared to enter. One day, around 1983-84, while exploring the cave, I discovered two small sword-like objects embedded in the mud within the tomb wall. One measured about two feet in length with a sword-like handle, heavily rusted and covered in dust, while the other was a one-foot-long, thicker object resembling a large knife. Unfamiliar with their significance, we brought them to school and presented them to our headmaster, Mr. Balakrishnan, who agreed to store them in his office. The fate of those artifacts remains unknown to me.
I strongly believe that some Pazhassis followers kept them there.
When I matriculate, and in my early youth, the place is our groups gathering point up to midnights..We saw every portion of society is coming there either to spend an evening or to put flowers in the tomb. We welcomed everyone. The archeological department of local government posted one Manager and one Gardener there. The Gardener was a native of Travencore and seems doesn’t care about his job. We became friends and we couldn’t see the Manager. He used to come once in a month to collect the salary. Government planned to renovate the tomb place and made a small museum and put laterite wall around the tree and planted some local herbs and flowes. But sooner the big tree became dried up within one year and ultimately fell down. Being a nature lover, we feel badly. We the youth made a non governmental organization on environmental issues. We called it Green Lovers and I was the founder Advisor. We decided to plant a same type tree and after long search we got permission and planted the sapling. We put seeds of all available wild trees around the vacant land of the tomb. We also included lots of local seeds of jack fruits, mangoes, figs etc. The aim is to attract birds and small animals when they give fruits. But thanks to governments decision to renovate again the site, they started work and all our efforts were gone in vain. We also separated in course of time to seek a Job. Today Green lovers attached with Pazhassi Library working outstandingly.
An old structure established in 1929, located just down the road from Mananthavady town, served as the Pazhassi Raja Memorial Library. In the 1990s, I held a position as one of the office bearers there. The original building was eventually demolished to make way for a new commercial complex that now houses the library, which has since become one of the finest libraries in Wayanad. Although my college major was Pure Science, I developed a keen interest in local history and explored various books on the subject. I had previously sought out William Logan’s Malabar Manual but was unable to read it until recently.
Years later, I was assigned to Tellichery General Hospital by the government, located near the British factory. I began to view the surroundings with a fresh perspective; the church, fort, and even the playground captivated my interest. I yearned to revisit the historical narrative of the area. Utilizing various online resources and maps, I gathered information about notable locations. With this objective in mind, I explored the historical sites of Tellichery, including its old city and ancient structures, on my motorbike. I observed that, due to our climate's six months of heavy rainfall, many buildings deteriorate rapidly, while new constructions are emerging, providing substantial income for the local populace. I extended my search to Calicut, Beypore Faroke,Kannur, Darmapatanum, Darmodam, Valapatnam, Mahe, Peria, Kottiyoor etc. most of the route are familiar to me before, because I have to travel these areas with work related trips, for example I can travel Tellichery to Mananthavady (My home) through kathiroor, KOTTAYAM, Kannavam, Kottiyoor, Elapedika, Peria, Palchuram etc, all relevant to history. I visited some of the Nambiars houses and spent time with elders to grasp an idea of old days.
And search now continues.
The term displayed on that board left a lasting impression of the British in my childhood mind, radiating significance. Specifically, this individual transported the deceased body of Raja in a palanquin and interred it with due respect and traditional customs. I was struck by the manner in which these foreign individuals honored even their adversaries.
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