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[ Plant part | Family | Aroma | Chemistry | Origin | Etymology | Discussion | Bottom ]

Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.)

Synonyms

pharmaceutical Herba Hyssopi
Albanian Hisop mjekësor, Hisopi mjekësor
Arabic زوفا
زُوفَا
Zufa
Aramaic ܐܝܙܘܒ݂, ܐܣܘܦܘܣ, ܙܘܦ
Ezov, Esopus, Sup
Breton Sikadez
Bulgarian Исоп, Калам
Isop, Kalam
Chinese
(Cantonese) 牛膝草 [ngàu sāt chóu], 神香草 [sàhn hēung chóu]
Ngau sat chou, Sahn heung chou
Chinese
(Mandarin) 牛膝草 [niú xī cǎo], 神香草 [shén xiāng cǎo]
Niu xi cao, Shen xiang cao
Coptic ⲥⲧⲟⲓ
Stoi (?)
Croatian Ljekoviti miloduh
Czech Yzop, Yzop lékařský
Danish Isop
Dutch Hyssop, Ipse, Paddekruid, Ysop
Esperanto Hisopo, Oficina hisopo
Estonian Harilik iisop
Farsi زوفا
Zoufa
Finnish Iisoppi
French Hysope, Herbe sacrée, Hyssope
Gaelic Isop
Galician Hisopo
German Eisop, Joseph, Kirchenseppl, Ysop
Greek Ήσσωπος
Issopos
Greek (Old) Ὕσσωπος
Hyssopos
Hebrew אזוב
אֵזוֹב
Esov, Ezov
Hungarian Izsóp
Icelandic Ísópur
Italian Issopo, Ossopo
Japanese ヒソップ
Hissopu
Korean 하솝, 히서프, 히솝, 우슬초
Hasop, Hiseopu, Hisop, Usulcho
Lao ໄຮຊອບ
Haisop
Latin Hysopum, Ysopus
Latvian Ārstniecības izops
Lithuanian Vaistinis isopas
Norwegian Isop
Polish Hyzop lekarski
Portuguese Hissopo
Provençal Mariarmo
Romanian Isop
Russian Иссоп
Issop
Sanskrit Jufa
Serbian Изоп
Izop
Slovak Yzop lekársky
Slovenian Izop, Ožepek
Spanish Hisopo
Swedish Isop
Turkish Çördük otu, Zufa otu
Ukrainian Ісоп звичайний, Гісоп лікарський
Isop zvichajnyj, Hisop likarski
Urdu زوفہ
Zufa
Vietnamese Cỏ ngưu tất
Co nguu tat
Yiddish אזובֿ
Ezev
Used plant part

All aerial parts of the plant (stem, leaves, flowers) are used together. The dried plant is less aromatic than the fresh one.

Plant family

Lamiaceae (mint family).

Sensory qual­ity

Aromatic and sligh­tly bit­ter.

Main constituents

The content of essential oil is rather low (0.3 to 0.9%); it is mostly composed of cineol, β-pinene and a variety of bicyclic mono­terpene derivatives (L-pino­camphene, isopino­camphone, pino­carvone).
As many other plant of the mint family, hyssop contains rather large amounts of bitter and anti­oxidative tannines: Phenols with a diterpenoid skeleton (carnosol, carnosolic acid), depsides of coffeic acid (= 3,4-dihydroxy­cinnamic acid) and several triterpenoid acids (ursolic and oleanolic acid). Very similar or the same compounds have also been found in sage and rosemary.

For more information on bitter taste, see zedoary.

Origin

Medi­terranean.

Etymology

The Greek plant name hyssopos [ὕσσωπος] is probably derived from Old Hebrew esob [אזוב] (men­tioned in the Bible, see pome­granate), although esob most probably referred to a local variety of marjoram, not the plant called hyssop today. Probably, Arabic az-zufa [الزوفا the hyssop belongs to the same kin; cf. also modern Kurdish zufa [زووفا].

Selected Links

Indian Spices: Hyssop (indianetzone.com) Nature One Health: Hyssop Saskatchewan Herb and Spice Association: Hyssop Ilkas und Ullis Kochecke: Ysop (rezkonv.de via archive.org)


Hyssopus officinalis: Hyssop flower
Hyssop flower Hyssop, an attractive garden plant with dark blue flowers, has only small value as a spice, because the aroma is weak (and reduced to nil after drying), and its taste is rather bitter. It can, however, be used for robust, rustic dishes like potato or bean soup, and it goes well with fat meat; others suggest it to spice up calf and chicken, where it may be an interesting alternative to sage, whom hyssop resembles in its slight bitterness, but not in fragrance. Sometimes, hyssop is added to bouquet garni (see parsley).


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