Multilingual Demographic Dictionary, second unified edition, English volume

Provisional (PROVISIONAL)

Translation
Section	English 136	Arabic 136	Czech 136	German 136	Spanish 136	French 136	Italian 136	Japanese 136	Portuguese 136	Russian 136	Chinese 136
136-1	provisional	بيانات وقتية	předběžný	vorläufig —provisorisch	provisionales	provisoire	provvisori	暫定的	preliminares	Предварительные (данные)	临时性
136-2	final	بيانات نهائية	definitivní	endgültig —definitiv	definitivos	définitif	definitivi	確定的	definitivos	Окончательные (данные)	最终
136-3	provisional rate	معدلات وقتية	předběžný ukazatel	vorläufige Ziffer	tasas provisionales	taux provisoire	quozienti provvisori	暫定率	taxas preliminares	Предварительные коэффициенты —Коэффициенты предварительные	临时性率
136-4	final rates	معدلات نهائية	definitivní ukazatel	endgültige Ziffern	tasas definitivas	taux définitif	quozienti definitivi	確定率	taxas definitivas	Окончательные коэффициенты	最终率
136-5	revised rate	معدل منقح	ukazatel revidovaný	revidierte Ziffer —berichtigte Ziffer	tasas revisadas —tasas rectificadas	taux révisé —taux rectifié	quozienti riveduti —quozienti rettificati	改訂率	taxas revisadas	Пересмотренные коэффициенты	修订率
136-6	corrected rate	معدل المصحح—معدل مصحح لكذا من الظواهر	ukazatel zpřesněný	bereinigte Ziffer —korrigierte Ziffer	tasas corregidas —tasa corregida de	taux corrigé —taux corrigé de ...	quozienti corretti —quozienti depurati —quoziente corretto rispetto a	補正率	taxas corrigidas	Исправленные коэффициенты	校正率
136-7	standardized rate —adjusted rate —corrected rate	معدل قياسي—معدل مقارنة	srovnávací ukazatel	standardisierte Ziffer	tasa comparativa —tasa tipificada	taux comparatif	quoziente comparativo —quoziente standardizzato —quoziente normalizzato	標準化率 —調整率 —補正率	taxas padronizadas —taxas ajustadas —taxa corrigida	Стандартизированные коэффиценты —Коэффициенты стандартизованные	标准化率 —调整率 —校正率
136-8	crude rate	معدل أولي—معدل خام	hrubý ukazatel	rohe Ziffer	tasas brutas	taux brut	quozienti grezzi	粗率(普通率)	taxas brutas	Общие коэффициенты	粗率

Data are called provisional ¹ if they are based on incomplete or insufficiently controlled observations. They are replaced by final ² data when the observations are complete. Rates based on such data are called provisional rates ³ and final rates ⁴ respectively. Where information becomes available after figures have already been published, revised rates ⁵ may be issued. The expression corrected rate ⁶ usually implies that defective data or inappropriate methods have yielded results which are either misleading or of limited value for the purpose in hand and that an effort has been made to correct this, e.g., correction for underenumeration, correction for migration, correction for seasonal movement. Standardized rates ⁷ or adjusted rates ⁷ are designed to make it possible to compare different populations with respect to a variable, e.g. fertility or mortality, where the influence of another variable e.g. age, is held constant. The term corrected rate ⁷ has been used by some demographers as a synonym for standardized rate. When the data do not permit direct estimation of the rates (small population, for example), the use of standard rates ^9★ (cf. 403-6 for example) computed from data of good quality and applied to the real population, provides an indirect estimation of the expected number of events which can be compared with the observed number of events. Unstandardized rates are called crude rates ⁸. Although they may be used to measure actual trends, false inferences may result from their uncritical use when populations with different structures (144-4) are compared. More...