HackerRank: Leonardo's Prime Factors

It's been a while since I have solved a HR problem (last time was pre-pandemic). For this one all you need to do is generate the product of primes <= 10^18. Do it once and store the results in a sorted data structure, such as a sorted list. For each n (1<=n<=10^5) do a lookup into the sorted data structure. Overall execution time then becomes O(N*logM) where N~10^5 and M~10^18. Code is down below, cheers, Another Casual Coder (ACC).

Leonardo's Prime Factors | HackerRank

Leonardo loves primes and created queries where each query takes the form of an integer, . For each , count the maximum number of distinct prime factors of any number in the inclusive range .

Note: Recall that a prime number is only divisible by and itself, and is not a prime number.

Example

The maximum number of distinct prime factors for values less than or equal to is . One value with distinct prime factors is . Another is .

Function Description

Complete the primeCount function in the editor below.

primeCount has the following parameters:

  • int n: the inclusive limit of the range to check

Returns

  • int: the maximum number of distinct prime factors of any number in the inclusive range .

Input Format

The first line contains an integer, , the number of queries.
Each of the next lines contains a single integer, .

Constraints

Sample Input

6
1
2
3
500
5000
10000000000

Sample Output

0
1
1
4
5
10

Explanation

  1. is not prime and its only factor is itself.
  2. has prime factor, .
  3. The number has prime factor, , has and has prime factors.
  4. The product of the first four primes is . While higher value primes may be a factor of some numbers, there will never be more than distinct prime factors for a number in this range.

using System.CodeDom.Compiler;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
using System.Globalization;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Text;
using System;
using System.Numerics;
class Result
{
 private static SortedList maxProductPerN = null;
 /*
 * Complete the 'primeCount' function below.
 *
 * The function is expected to return an INTEGER.
 * The function accepts LONG_INTEGER n as parameter.
 */
 public static int primeCount(long n)
 {
 if(maxProductPerN == null)
 maxProductPerN = (new Result()).MaxNumberProductPrimesLessThanN(BigInteger.Parse("1000000000000000000"));
 
 int previous = 1;
 foreach(long k in maxProductPerN.Keys)
 {
 if(k <= n)
 {
 previous = maxProductPerN[k];
 }
 else break;
 }
 
 return previous;
 }
 
 public SortedList MaxNumberProductPrimesLessThanN(BigInteger N)
 {
 int count = 0;
 SortedList maxProductPerN = new SortedList();
 maxProductPerN.Add(1L, 0);
 BigInteger product = 1;
 BigInteger prime = 2;
 while (product * prime <= N)
 {
 if (IsPrimeMillerRabin(prime))
 {
 product *= prime;
 count++;
 maxProductPerN.Add((long)product, count);
 }
 prime++;
 }
 Console.WriteLine(product);
 return maxProductPerN;
 }
 
 public bool IsPrimeMillerRabin(BigInteger n)
 {
 //It does not work well for smaller numbers, hence this check
 int SMALL_NUMBER = 1000;
 if (n <= SMALL_NUMBER)
 {
 return IsPrime(n);
 }
 int MAX_WITNESS = 100;
 for (long i = 2; i <= MAX_WITNESS; i++)
 {
 if (IsPrime(i) && Witness(i, n) == 1)
 {
 return false;
 }
 }
 return true;
 }
 public BigInteger SqRtN(BigInteger N)
 {
 /*++
 * Using Newton Raphson method we calculate the
 * square root (N/g + g)/2
 */
 BigInteger rootN = N;
 int count = 0;
 int bitLength = 1;
 while (rootN / 2 != 0)
 {
 rootN /= 2;
 bitLength++;
 }
 bitLength = (bitLength + 1) / 2;
 rootN = N >> bitLength;
 BigInteger lastRoot = BigInteger.Zero;
 do
 {
 if (lastRoot > rootN)
 {
 if (count++ > 1000) // Work around for the bug where it gets into an infinite loop
 {
 return rootN;
 }
 }
 lastRoot = rootN;
 rootN = (BigInteger.Divide(N, rootN) + rootN) >> 1;
 }
 while (!((rootN ^ lastRoot).ToString() == "0"));
 return rootN;
 }
 public bool IsPrime(BigInteger n)
 {
 if (n <= 1)
 {
 return false;
 }
 if (n == 2)
 {
 return true;
 }
 if (n % 2 == 0)
 {
 return false;
 }
 for (int i = 3; i <= SqRtN(n) + 1; i += 2)
 {
 if (n % i == 0)
 {
 return false;
 }
 }
 return true;
 }
 private int Witness(long a, BigInteger n)
 {
 BigInteger t, u;
 BigInteger prev, curr = 0;
 BigInteger i;
 BigInteger lln = n;
 u = n / 2;
 t = 1;
 while (u % 2 == 0)
 {
 u /= 2;
 t++;
 }
 prev = BigInteger.ModPow(a, u, n);
 for (i = 1; i <= t; i++)
 {
 curr = BigInteger.ModPow(prev, 2, lln);
 if ((curr == 1) && (prev != 1) && (prev != lln - 1)) return 1;
 prev = curr;
 }
 if (curr != 1) return 1;
 return 0;
 }
}
class Solution
{
 public static void Main(string[] args)
 {
 TextWriter textWriter = new StreamWriter(@System.Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("OUTPUT_PATH"), true);
 int q = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine().Trim());
 for (int qItr = 0; qItr < q; qItr++)
 {
 long n = Convert.ToInt64(Console.ReadLine().Trim());
 int result = Result.primeCount(n);
 textWriter.WriteLine(result);
 }
 textWriter.Flush();
 textWriter.Close();
 }
}

Comments

Post a Comment

[フレーム]

Popular posts from this blog

Quasi FSM (Finite State Machine) problem + Vibe

Not really an FSM problem since the state isn't changing, it is just defined by the current input. Simply following the instructions should do it. Using VSCode IDE you can also engage the help of Cline or Copilot for a combo of coding and vibe coding, see below screenshot. Cheers, ACC. Process String with Special Operations I - LeetCode You are given a string  s  consisting of lowercase English letters and the special characters:  * ,  # , and  % . Build a new string  result  by processing  s  according to the following rules from left to right: If the letter is a  lowercase  English letter append it to  result . A  '*'   removes  the last character from  result , if it exists. A  '#'   duplicates  the current  result  and  appends  it to itself. A  '%'   reverses  the current  result . Return the final string  result  after processing all char...

Shortest Bridge – A BFS Story (with a Twist)

Here's another one from the Google 30 Days challenge on LeetCode — 934. Shortest Bridge . The goal? Given a 2D binary grid where two islands (groups of 1s) are separated by water (0s), flip the fewest number of 0s to 1s to connect them. Easy to describe. Sneaky to implement well. 🧭 My Approach My solution follows a two-phase Breadth-First Search (BFS) strategy: Find and mark one island : I start by scanning the grid until I find the first 1 , then use BFS to mark all connected land cells as 2 . I store their positions for later use. Bridge-building BFS : For each cell in the marked island, I run a BFS looking for the second island. Each BFS stops as soon as it hits a cell with value 1 . The minimum distance across all these searches gives the shortest bridge. πŸ” Code Snippet Here's the core logic simplified: public int ShortestBridge(int[][] grid) { // 1. Mark one island as '2' and gather its coordinates List<int> island = FindAndMark...

Classic Dynamic Programming IX

A bit of vibe code together with OpenAI O3. I asked O3 to just generate the sieve due to laziness. Sieve is used to calculate the first M primes (when I was using Miller-Rabin, was giving me TLE). The DP follows from that in a straightforward way: calculate the numbers from i..n-1, then n follows by calculating the min over all M primes. Notice that I made use of Goldbach's Conjecture as a way to optimize the code too. Goldbach's Conjecture estates that any even number greater than 2 is the sum of 2 primes. The conjecture is applied in the highlighted line. Cheers, ACC. PS: the prompt for the sieve was the following, again using Open AI O3 Advanced Reasoning: " give me a sieve to find the first M prime numbers in C#. The code should produce a List<int> with the first M primes " Minimum Number of Primes to Sum to Target - LeetCode You are given two integers  n  and  m . You have to select a multiset of  prime numbers  from the  first   m  pri...