โธโธ
- ๐ฌ๐ง Mercury
- ๐บ๐ฆ ะ ัััั
- ๐จ๐ณ ๆฑ
- ๐ณ๐ฑ Kwik
- ๐ซ๐ท Mercure
- ๐ฉ๐ช Quecksilber
- ๐ฎ๐ฑ ืืกืคืืช
- ๐ฎ๐น Mercurio
- ๐ฏ๐ต ๆฐด้
- ๐ต๐น Mercúrio
- ๐ช๐ธ Mercurio
- ๐ธ๐ช Kvicksilver
- ๐ท๐บ ะ ัััั
- Mercury isotopes are mainly used in the study of the deposition and emission of Hg in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. In one experiment in Canada three different Hg isotopes (Hg-198, Hg-200 and Hg-202) were used to find out how the route of entry of mercury to an ecosystem affects the amount that becomes accumulated in fish. Several other trials using Hg isotopes are, or have been, undertaken in lakes in the US and Canada. Hg-202 is also used for the production of radioactive Hg-203 which is used for gamma radiation calibration.
Naturally occurring isotopes
| Isotope | Mass / Da | Natural abundance (atom %) | Nuclear spin (I) | Magnetic moment (μ/μN) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 196Hg | 195.965807 (5) | 0.15 (1) | 0 | |
| 198Hg | 197.966743 (4) | 9.97 (20) | 0 | |
| 199Hg | 198.968254 (4) | 16.87 (22) | 1/2 | 0.5058852 |
| 200Hg | 199.968300 (4) | 23.10 (19) | 0 | |
| 201Hg | 200.970277 (4) | 13.18 (9) | 3/2 | -0.560225 |
| 202Hg | 201.970617 (4) | 29.86 (26) | 0 | |
| 204Hg | 203.973467 (5) | 6.87 (15) | 0 |
(่ฟฝ่จ) (่ฟฝ่จใใใพใง)
Radiosotope data
| Isotope | Mass / Da | Half-life | Mode of decay | Nuclear spin | Nuclear magnetic moment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 194Hg | 193.96538 | 520 y | EC to 194Au | 0 | |
| 195Hg | 194.96664 | 9.5 h | EC to 195Au | 1/2 | 0.541475 |
| 197Hg | 196.967195 | 2.672 d | EC to 197Au | 1/2 | 0.527374 |
| 203Hg | 202.972857 | 46.61 d | β- to 203Tl | 5/2 | 0.8489 |
References
- Naturally occurring isotope abundances: Commission on Atomic Weights and Isotopic Abundances report for the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry in Isotopic Compositions of the Elements 1989, Pure and Applied Chemistry, 1998, 70, 217. [Copyright 1998 IUPAC]
- For further information about radioisotopes see Jonghwa Chang's (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) Table of the Nuclides
- Masses, nuclear spins, and magnetic moments: I. Mills, T. Cvitas, K. Homann, N. Kallay, and K. Kuchitsu in Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, UK, 1988. [Copyright 1988 IUPAC]
NMR Properties of mercury
Common reference compound: HgMe2/C6D6.
| Isotope 1 | Isotope 2 | Isotope 3 |
|---|---|---|
| Isotope | 199Hg | 201Hg |
| Natural abundance /% | 16.87 | 13.18 |
| Spin (I) | 1/2 | 3/2 |
| Frequency relative to 1H = 100 (MHz) | 17.910323 | 6.611400 |
| Receptivity, DP, relative to 1H = 1.00 | 0.001 | 0.000197 |
| Receptivity, DC, relative to 13C = 1.00 | 5.73 | 1.13 |
| Magnetogyric ratio, γ (107 rad T‑1 s-1) | 4.8457916 | -1.788769 |
| Magnetic moment, μ (μN) | 0.87621937 | -0.7232483 |
| Nuclear quadrupole moment, Q/millibarn | +674(77) [Mössbauer state] | 387(6) |
| Line width factor, 1056 l (m4) | - | 0.20 |
References
- R.K. Harris in Encyclopedia of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, D.M. Granty and R.K. Harris, (eds.), vol. 5, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK, 1996. I am grateful to Professor Robin Harris (University of Durham, UK) who provided much of the NMR data, which are copyright 1996 IUPAC, adapted from his contribution contained within this reference.
- J. Mason in Multinuclear NMR, Plenum Press, New York, USA, 1987. Where given, data for certain radioactive nuclei are from this reference.
- P. Pyykkö, Mol. Phys., 2008, 106, 1965-1974.
- P. Pyykkö, Mol. Phys., 2001, 99, 1617-1629.
- P. Pyykkö, Z. Naturforsch., 1992, 47a, 189. I am grateful to Professor Pekka Pyykkö (University of Helsinki, Finland) who provided the nuclear quadrupole moment data in this and the following two references.
- D.R. Lide, (ed.), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 1999-2000 : A Ready-Reference Book of Chemical and Physical Data (CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics , CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 79th edition, 1998.
- P. Pyykkö, personal communication, 1998, 204, 2008, 2010.