Exception

Lists of Throwable and Exception tree as of 7.2.0
 Error
 ArithmeticError
 DivisionByZeroError
 AssertionError
 ParseError
 TypeError
 ArgumentCountError
 Exception
 ClosedGeneratorException
 DOMException
 ErrorException
 IntlException
 LogicException
 BadFunctionCallException
 BadMethodCallException
 DomainException
 InvalidArgumentException
 LengthException
 OutOfRangeException
 PharException
 ReflectionException
 RuntimeException
 OutOfBoundsException
 OverflowException
 PDOException
 RangeException
 UnderflowException
 UnexpectedValueException
 SodiumException 
Find the script and output in the following links:
https://gist.github.com/mlocati/249f07b074a0de339d4d1ca980848e6a
https://3v4l.org/sDMsv
posted by someone here http://php.net/manual/en/class.throwable.php 

Note that an exception's properties are populated when the exception is *created*, not when it is thrown. Throwing the exception does not seem to modify them.
Among other things, this means:
* The exception will blame the line that created it, not the line that threw it.
* Unlike in some other languages, rethrowing an exception doesn't muck up the trace.
* A thrown exception and an unthrown one look basically identical. On my machine, the only visible difference is that a thrown exception has an `xdebug_message` property while an unthrown one doesn't. Of course, if you don't have xdebug installed, you won't even get that.

Note: this documentation not full, ReflectionObject::export($exception):
<?php
Object of class [ class Exception implements Throwable ] {
 - Properties [7] {
 Property [ protected $message ]
 Property [ private $string ]
 Property [ protected $code ]
 Property [ protected $file ]
 Property [ protected $line ]
 Property [ private $trace ]
 Property [ private $previous ]
 }
 - Methods [11] {
 Method [ final private method __clone ] {
 }
 Method [ public method __construct ] {
 - Parameters [3] {
 Parameter #0 [ $message ]
 Parameter #1 [ $code ]
 Parameter #2 [ $previous ]
 }
 }
 Method [ public method __wakeup ] {
 }
 Method [ final public method getMessage ] {
 }
 Method [ final public method getCode ] {
 }
 Method [ final public method getFile ] {
 }
 Method [ final public method getLine ] {
 }
 Method [ final public method getTrace ] {
 }
 Method [ final public method getPrevious ] {
 }
 Method [ final public method getTraceAsString ] {
 }
 Method [ public method __toString ] {
 }
 }
}
?>

Missed:
 Property [ private $string ]
 Property [ private $trace ]
 Property [ private $previous ]
 Method [ public method __wakeup ] {
 }