Existen dos operadores de string string .
El primero es el operador de concatenación ('.'), que
devuelve la concatenación de sus dos argumentos.
El segundo es el operador de asignación
concatenante (.=). Ver
operadores de asignación
para más detalles.
Ejemplo #1 Concatenación de string
<?php
$a = "Hello ";
$b = $a . "World!"; // $b contiene ahora "Hello World!"
var_dump($b);
$a = "Hello ";
$a .= "World!"; // $a contiene ahora "Hello World!"
var_dump($a);
?>As for me, curly braces serve good substitution for concatenation, and they are quicker to type and code looks cleaner. Remember to use double quotes (" ") as their content is parced by php, because in single quotes (' ') you'll get litaral name of variable provided:
<?php
$a = '12345';
// This works:
echo "qwe{$a}rty"; // qwe12345rty, using braces
echo "qwe" . $a . "rty"; // qwe12345rty, concatenation used
// Does not work:
echo 'qwe{$a}rty'; // qwe{$a}rty, single quotes are not parsed
echo "qwe$arty"; // qwe, because $a became $arty, which is undefined
?>A word of caution - the dot operator has the same precedence as + and -, which can yield unexpected results.
Example:
<php
$var = 3;
echo "Result: " . $var + 3;
?>
The above will print out "3" instead of "Result: 6", since first the string "Result3" is created and this is then added to 3 yielding 3, non-empty non-numeric strings being converted to 0.
To print "Result: 6", use parantheses to alter precedence:
<php
$var = 3;
echo "Result: " . ($var + 3);
?><?php
"{$str1}{$str2}{$str3}"; // one concat = fast
$str1. $str2. $str3; // two concats = slow
?>
Use double quotes to concat more than two strings instead of multiple '.' operators. PHP is forced to re-concatenate with every '.' operator.If you attempt to add numbers with a concatenation operator, your result will be the result of those numbers as strings.
<?php
echo "thr"."ee"; //prints the string "three"
echo "twe" . "lve"; //prints the string "twelve"
echo 1 . 2; //prints the string "12"
echo 1.2; //prints the number 1.2
echo 1+2; //prints the number 3
?>Some bitwise operators (the and, or, xor and not operators: & | ^ ~ ) also work with strings too since PHP4, so you don't have to loop through strings and do chr(ord($s[i])) like things.
See the documentation of the bitwise operators: https://www.php.net/operators.bitwise
<?php var_dump(
('23456787654' ^ 'zVXYYhoXDYP'), // 'Hello_World'
('(!($)^!)@$@' | '@ddhfIvn2H$'), // 'hello_world'
('{}~|o!Wo{|}' & 'Lgmno|Wovmf'), // 'Hello World'
(~'<0-14)(98' & '}}}}}}}}}') // 'AMPLITUDE'
); ?>
Live demo: https://3v4l.org/MnFeb Be careful so that you don't type "." instead of ";" at the end of a line.
It took me more than 30 minutes to debug a long script because of something like this:
<?
echo 'a'.
$c = 'x';
echo 'b';
echo 'c';
?>
The output is "axbc", because of the dot on the first line.