POST method not working with Python Request

Question

I have PTZ camera and I'm trying different way to access that camera via CURL. I'm intended to access preset position in the camera via web interface. The logic to access preset of PTZ camera, based on browser debugger is like this:

• Login using POST method
• Select preset position using POST method
• Submit using PUT method

Following is source code using shell script:

echo "Set PTZ"
echo 1ドル #IP address
echo 2ドル #preset
url_login='http://'1ドル'/login/login/'
url_preset='http://'1ドル'/ptz/presets.html'
curl -c cookies.txt -s -X POST $url_login --data "user=admin&pass=admin&forceLogin=on"
curl -b cookies.txt -s -X POST $url_preset --data 'PTZInterface!!ptzPositions='2ドル
curl -b cookies.txt -s -X PUT $url_preset --data 'autobutton=GotoCurrVirtualPreset&object=PTZInterface&id='

I have succeed using shell script, accessing the camera and go to preset.

But my main purpose is to create a program using python. Following is my python using requests:

import requests
URL_LOGIN = "/login/login/"
PARAMS_LOGIN = {"user": "admin", "pass": "admin", "forceLogin": "on"}
URL_PRESET = "/ptz/presets.html"
HEADERS = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:52.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/52.0',
 'Accept': '*/*', 'Accept-Language': 'en-US,en;q=0.5',
 'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8',
 'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest',
 'Connection': 'keep-alive', 'Pragma': 'no-cache', 'Cache-Control': 'no-cache'}
def set_ptz(arg_camera = None, arg_preset = None):
 url_login = "http://" + arg_camera + URL_LOGIN
 url_preset = "http://" + arg_camera + URL_PRESET
 HEADERS['Host'] = arg_camera
 HEADERS['Referer'] = 'http://' + arg_camera + '/'
 params = {}
 params["PTZInterface!!ptzPositions"] = arg_preset
 params_put = {}
 params_put["autobutton"] = "GotoCurrVirtualPreset"
 params_put["object"] = "PTZInterface"
 params_put["id"] = ""
 s = requests.Session()
 r1 = s.post(url_login, data = PARAMS_LOGIN) # Login -> success
 var_cookies = r1.cookies
 r2 = s.post(url_preset, cookies = var_cookies, headers = HEADERS, data = params) # Post preset position -> failed
 r3 = s.put(url_preset, cookies = var_cookies, headers = HEADERS, data = params_put) # Put execution -> success
 print r1.headers
 print var_cookies
 print r2.headers
 print r3.headers
 print r3.text
 print r1.status_code
 print r2.status_code
 print r3.status_code
set_ptz('10.26.1.3.61', 1)

I'm succeed to login and submit using PUT, but failed to POST the preset position. What's wrong in my python code? I thought that the result should be same.

Thank you for help.

Answer 1

requests is escaping the exclamation points in the POST data:

In [1]: import requests
In [2]: requests.post(..., data={"PTZInterface!!ptzPositions": '1'}).request.body
Out[2]: 'PTZInterface%21%21ptzPositions=1'

cURL just sends them as-is. You can pass data directly as a string:

In [3]: requests.post(..., data="PTZInterface!!ptzPositions=1").request.body
Out[3]: 'PTZInterface!!ptzPositions=1'

Or use urllib.parse.urlencode's safe parameter to build it:

In [13]: urllib.parse.urlencode({'PTZInterface!!ptzPositions': 1}, safe='!')
Out[13]: 'PTZInterface!!ptzPositions=1'

• muchtarsp: Nice! It works! Thank you. Sorry for my late reply. So, I was right, the problem was exclamation mark in "PTZInterface!!ptzPositions". But, I don't know if we can pass data directly as string. Thank you. :)