Why callback is always passed as last parameter JavaScript

Question

In Javascript, I have seen the callback function is passed as the last parameter I am curious why so? Is it a good practice or standard way?

For example:

var doSomething = function(fname, lname, callback){
 console.log("Your name is :"+ fname +" "+ lname);
 callback();
}
var callback = function(){
 console.log("Your name is printed successfully."):
}
doSomething('Arpit', 'Meena', callback); // callback is last parameter here

I know we can pass it at any position and it works but I just want to know the reason behind this.

Thanks.

• Panther: What makes you think that it is passed last in most cases. Can you give some example
• Panther: May be its most complex or different type of argument , people tend to add in last
• Arpit Kumar: In asynchronous function and mostly in Node js we generally use function(req, res, next){} where next is the callback function.

Answer 1

The reason I do this way and have seen others doing so is because of code readability, when you have a calback as the last argument, you can declare the callback inline without making the code unreadable. For example, if you pass the callback as the first parameter:

var doSomething = function(callback, fname, lname){
 console.log("Your name is :"+ fname +" "+ lname);
 callback();
}

You have to call it like:

doSomething(function callback(){
 console.log('foo');
}, 'Arpit', 'Meena');

However, if you use it as the last argument, things are kept much more clear on the function call:

var doSomething = function(fname, lname, callback){
 console.log("Your name is :"+ fname +" "+ lname);
 callback();
}
doSomething('Arpit', 'Meena', function callback(){
 console.log('foo');
});

Answer 2

It is standard JavaScript convention. Part of the reason it has become standard practice is that it makes things more readable. It's like defining properties at the top of a class - you don't have to but it's standard practice.

Suggested reading: http://technosophos.com/2012/08/22/javascript-callbacks-function-last%E2%80%A6-or-lost.html

http://hancic.info/callback-parameter-should-always-be-last