Python Module issues

Question

Im pretty new to python, and have been having a rough time learning it. I have a main file

import Tests
from Tests import CashAMDSale
CashAMDSale.AMDSale()

and CashAMDSale

import pyodbc
import DataFunctions
import automa
from DataFunctions import *
from automa.api import *
def AMDSale():
 AMDInstance = DataFunctions.GetValidAMD()

And here is GetValidAMD

import pyodbc
def ValidAMD(GetValidAMD):
 (short method talking to a database)

My error comes up on the line that has AMDInstance = DataFunctions.GetValidAMD()

I get the error AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'GetValidAMD'

I have looked and looked for an answer, and nothing has worked. Any ideas? Thanks!

• Dan Gittik: Can you post the source code of the DataFunctions module?
• Shikumaru: DataFunctions is the folder i have GetValidAMD in

Answer 1

DataFunctions is a folder, which means it is a package and must contain an __init__.py file for python to recognise it as such.

when you import * from a package, you do not automatically import all it's modules. This is documented in the docs

so for your code to work, you either need to explicitly import the modules you need:

import DataFunctions.GetValidAMD

or you need to add the following to the __init__.py of DataFunctions:

__all__ = ["GetValidAMD"]

then you can import * from the package and everything listen in __all__ will be imported

Answer 2

When you create the file foo.py, you create a python module. When you do import foo, Python evaluates that file and places any variables, functions and classes it defines into a module object, which it assigns to the name foo.

# foo.py
x = 1
def foo():
 print 'foo'

>>> import foo
>>> type(foo)
<type 'module'>
>>> foo.x
1
>>> foo.foo()
foo

When you create the directory bar with an __init__.py file, you create a python package. When you do import bar, Python evaluates the __init__.py file and places any variables, functions and classes it defines into a module object, which it assigns to the name bar.

# bar/__init__.py
y = 2
def bar():
 print 'bar'

>>> import bar
>>> type(bar)
<type 'module'>
>>> bar.y
2
>>> bar.bar()
bar

When you create python modules inside a python package (that is, files ending with .py inside directory containing __init__.py), you must import these modules via this package:

>>> # place foo.py in bar/
>>> import foo
Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
ImportError: No module named foo
>>> import bar.foo
>>> bar.foo.x
1
>>> bar.foo.foo()
foo

Now, assuming your project structure is:

main.py
DataFunctions/
 __init__.py
 CashAMDSale.py
 def AMDSale(): ...
 GetValidAMD.py
 def ValidAMD(GetValidAMD): ...

your main script can import DataFunctions.CashAMDSale and use DataFunctions.CashAMDSale.AMDSale(), and import DataFunctions.GetValidAMD and use DataFunctions.GetValidAMD.ValidAMD().

• Shikumaru: I should have clarified my folder structure, sorry! Its main.py DataFunctions/ __init__.py GetValidAMD.py Tests/ __init__.py CashAMDSale.py

Answer 3

Check out this.

It's the same problem. You are importing DataFunctions which is a module. I expct there to be a class called DataFunctions in that module which needs to be imported with

from DataFunctions import DataFunctions
...
AMDInstance = DataFunctions.GetValidAMD()