Synthesis Imaging Errors -- from Eric Weisstein's World of Physics

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Synthesis Imaging Errors

Additive errors satisfy

and include cross-talk, interference, and baseline-dependent errors (correlator offsets, sun, receiver noise). Convolution errors satisfy

and include primary beam effects, incorrect convolution for re-sampling before an FFT. Multiplicative error include

and include atmospheric and ionospheric phase errors, calibration errors (either amplitude or phase), and closure errors.

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