This entry contributed by Dana Romero
Metrology is the science of measurement. Specifically, metrology laboratories measure the readings of scientific and engineering instruments versus those of more accurate instruments; more accurate in the sense that they are in turn checked against other instruments or standards whose values or readings are ultimately "traceable" back to the United States National Institute for Standards (NIST), formerly known as the National Bureau of Standards, or to the International Bureau of Weights and Measures in France for metric measurements.
References
Klein, H. A. The Science of Measurement: A Historical Survey. New York: Dover, 1989.
Weisstein, E. W. "Books about Metrology." http://www.ericweisstein.com/encyclopedias/books/Metrology.html.
