The interaction energy is a potential energy of orientation associated with a magnetic torque and is given by
where is the magnetic dipole moment and B is the magnetic field.
Magnetic Dipole Moment, Magnetic Torque
References
Eisberg, R. and Resnick, R. Quantum Physics of Atoms, Molecules, Solids, Nuclei, and Particles, 2nd ed. New York: Wiley, p. 269, 1985.
Griffiths, D. J. Introduction to Electrodynamics, 3rd ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, pp. 241 and 268, 1989.
