{-# LANGUAGE Trustworthy #-}{-# LANGUAGE NoImplicitPrelude #-}{-# LANGUAGE TypeOperators #-}------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |-- Module : Control.Monad.Fix-- Copyright : (c) Andy Gill 2001,-- (c) Oregon Graduate Institute of Science and Technology, 2002-- License : BSD-style (see the file libraries/base/LICENSE)-- Maintainer : libraries@haskell.org-- Stability : stable-- Portability : portable---- Monadic fixpoints.---- For a detailed discussion, see Levent Erkok's thesis,-- /Value Recursion in Monadic Computations/, Oregon Graduate Institute, 2002.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------moduleControl.Monad.Fix(MonadFix (mfix ),fix )whereimportData.Either importData.Function (fix )importData.Maybe importData.Monoid (Dual (..),Sum (..),Product (..),First (..),Last (..),Alt (..),Ap (..))importData.Ord (Down (..))importGHC.Base (Monad ,NonEmpty (..),errorWithoutStackTrace ,(.) )importGHC.Generics importGHC.List (head ,tail )importGHC.Tuple (Solo (..))importControl.Monad.ST.Imp importSystem.IO -- | Monads having fixed points with a \'knot-tying\' semantics.-- Instances of 'MonadFix' should satisfy the following laws:---- [Purity]-- @'mfix' ('Control.Monad.return' . h) = 'Control.Monad.return' ('fix' h)@---- [Left shrinking (or Tightening)]-- @'mfix' (\\x -> a >>= \\y -> f x y) = a >>= \\y -> 'mfix' (\\x -> f x y)@---- [Sliding]-- @'mfix' ('Control.Monad.liftM' h . f) = 'Control.Monad.liftM' h ('mfix' (f . h))@,-- for strict @h@.---- [Nesting]-- @'mfix' (\\x -> 'mfix' (\\y -> f x y)) = 'mfix' (\\x -> f x x)@---- This class is used in the translation of the recursive @do@ notation-- supported by GHC and Hugs.class(Monad m )=>MonadFix m where-- | The fixed point of a monadic computation.-- @'mfix' f@ executes the action @f@ only once, with the eventual-- output fed back as the input. Hence @f@ should not be strict,-- for then @'mfix' f@ would diverge.mfix ::(a ->m a )->m a -- Instances of MonadFix for Prelude monads-- | @since 4.15instanceMonadFix Solo wheremfix :: forall a. (a -> Solo a) -> Solo a mfix a -> Solo a f =leta :: Solo a a =a -> Solo a f (Solo a -> a forall {a}. Solo a -> a unSolo Solo a a )inSolo a a whereunSolo :: Solo a -> a unSolo (MkSolo a x )=a x -- | @since 2.01instanceMonadFix Maybe wheremfix :: forall a. (a -> Maybe a) -> Maybe a mfix a -> Maybe a f =leta :: Maybe a a =a -> Maybe a f (Maybe a -> a forall {a}. Maybe a -> a unJust Maybe a a )inMaybe a a whereunJust :: Maybe a -> a unJust (Just a x )=a x unJust Maybe a Nothing =[Char] -> a forall a. [Char] -> a errorWithoutStackTrace [Char] "mfix Maybe: Nothing"-- | @since 2.01instanceMonadFix []wheremfix :: forall a. (a -> [a]) -> [a] mfix a -> [a] f =case([a] -> [a]) -> [a] forall a. (a -> a) -> a fix (a -> [a] f (a -> [a]) -> ([a] -> a) -> [a] -> [a] forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c . [a] -> a forall a. HasCallStack => [a] -> a head )of[]->[](a x : [a] _)->a x a -> [a] -> [a] forall a. a -> [a] -> [a] : (a -> [a]) -> [a] forall a. (a -> [a]) -> [a] forall (m :: * -> *) a. MonadFix m => (a -> m a) -> m a mfix ([a] -> [a] forall a. HasCallStack => [a] -> [a] tail ([a] -> [a]) -> (a -> [a]) -> a -> [a] forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c . a -> [a] f )-- | @since 4.9.0.0instanceMonadFix NonEmpty wheremfix :: forall a. (a -> NonEmpty a) -> NonEmpty a mfix a -> NonEmpty a f =case(NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty a) -> NonEmpty a forall a. (a -> a) -> a fix (a -> NonEmpty a f (a -> NonEmpty a) -> (NonEmpty a -> a) -> NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty a forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c . NonEmpty a -> a forall {a}. NonEmpty a -> a neHead )of~(a x :| [a] _)->a x a -> [a] -> NonEmpty a forall a. a -> [a] -> NonEmpty a :| (a -> [a]) -> [a] forall a. (a -> [a]) -> [a] forall (m :: * -> *) a. MonadFix m => (a -> m a) -> m a mfix (NonEmpty a -> [a] forall {a}. NonEmpty a -> [a] neTail (NonEmpty a -> [a]) -> (a -> NonEmpty a) -> a -> [a] forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c . a -> NonEmpty a f )whereneHead :: NonEmpty a -> a neHead ~(a a :| [a] _)=a a neTail :: NonEmpty a -> [a] neTail ~(a _:| [a] as )=[a] as -- | @since 2.01instanceMonadFix IO wheremfix :: forall a. (a -> IO a) -> IO a mfix =(a -> IO a) -> IO a forall a. (a -> IO a) -> IO a fixIO -- | @since 2.01instanceMonadFix ((->)r )wheremfix :: forall a. (a -> r -> a) -> r -> a mfix a -> r -> a f =\r r ->leta :: a a =a -> r -> a f a a r r ina a -- | @since 4.3.0.0instanceMonadFix (Either e )wheremfix :: forall a. (a -> Either e a) -> Either e a mfix a -> Either e a f =leta :: Either e a a =a -> Either e a f (Either e a -> a forall {a} {b}. Either a b -> b unRight Either e a a )inEither e a a whereunRight :: Either a b -> b unRight (Right b x )=b x unRight (Left a _)=[Char] -> b forall a. [Char] -> a errorWithoutStackTrace [Char] "mfix Either: Left"-- | @since 2.01instanceMonadFix (ST s )wheremfix :: forall a. (a -> ST s a) -> ST s a mfix =(a -> ST s a) -> ST s a forall a s. (a -> ST s a) -> ST s a fixST -- Instances of Data.Monoid wrappers-- | @since 4.8.0.0instanceMonadFix Dual wheremfix :: forall a. (a -> Dual a) -> Dual a mfix a -> Dual a f =a -> Dual a forall a. a -> Dual a Dual ((a -> a) -> a forall a. (a -> a) -> a fix (Dual a -> a forall a. Dual a -> a getDual (Dual a -> a) -> (a -> Dual a) -> a -> a forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c . a -> Dual a f ))-- | @since 4.8.0.0instanceMonadFix Sum wheremfix :: forall a. (a -> Sum a) -> Sum a mfix a -> Sum a f =a -> Sum a forall a. a -> Sum a Sum ((a -> a) -> a forall a. (a -> a) -> a fix (Sum a -> a forall a. Sum a -> a getSum (Sum a -> a) -> (a -> Sum a) -> a -> a forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c . a -> Sum a f ))-- | @since 4.8.0.0instanceMonadFix Product wheremfix :: forall a. (a -> Product a) -> Product a mfix a -> Product a f =a -> Product a forall a. a -> Product a Product ((a -> a) -> a forall a. (a -> a) -> a fix (Product a -> a forall a. Product a -> a getProduct (Product a -> a) -> (a -> Product a) -> a -> a forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c . a -> Product a f ))-- | @since 4.8.0.0instanceMonadFix First wheremfix :: forall a. (a -> First a) -> First a mfix a -> First a f =Maybe a -> First a forall a. Maybe a -> First a First ((a -> Maybe a) -> Maybe a forall a. (a -> Maybe a) -> Maybe a forall (m :: * -> *) a. MonadFix m => (a -> m a) -> m a mfix (First a -> Maybe a forall a. First a -> Maybe a getFirst (First a -> Maybe a) -> (a -> First a) -> a -> Maybe a forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c . a -> First a f ))-- | @since 4.8.0.0instanceMonadFix Last wheremfix :: forall a. (a -> Last a) -> Last a mfix a -> Last a f =Maybe a -> Last a forall a. Maybe a -> Last a Last ((a -> Maybe a) -> Maybe a forall a. (a -> Maybe a) -> Maybe a forall (m :: * -> *) a. MonadFix m => (a -> m a) -> m a mfix (Last a -> Maybe a forall a. Last a -> Maybe a getLast (Last a -> Maybe a) -> (a -> Last a) -> a -> Maybe a forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c . a -> Last a f ))-- | @since 4.8.0.0instanceMonadFix f =>MonadFix (Alt f )wheremfix :: forall a. (a -> Alt f a) -> Alt f a mfix a -> Alt f a f =f a -> Alt f a forall {k} (f :: k -> *) (a :: k). f a -> Alt f a Alt ((a -> f a) -> f a forall a. (a -> f a) -> f a forall (m :: * -> *) a. MonadFix m => (a -> m a) -> m a mfix (Alt f a -> f a forall {k} (f :: k -> *) (a :: k). Alt f a -> f a getAlt (Alt f a -> f a) -> (a -> Alt f a) -> a -> f a forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c . a -> Alt f a f ))-- | @since 4.12.0.0instanceMonadFix f =>MonadFix (Ap f )wheremfix :: forall a. (a -> Ap f a) -> Ap f a mfix a -> Ap f a f =f a -> Ap f a forall {k} (f :: k -> *) (a :: k). f a -> Ap f a Ap ((a -> f a) -> f a forall a. (a -> f a) -> f a forall (m :: * -> *) a. MonadFix m => (a -> m a) -> m a mfix (Ap f a -> f a forall {k} (f :: k -> *) (a :: k). Ap f a -> f a getAp (Ap f a -> f a) -> (a -> Ap f a) -> a -> f a forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c . a -> Ap f a f ))-- Instances for GHC.Generics-- | @since 4.9.0.0instanceMonadFix Par1 wheremfix :: forall a. (a -> Par1 a) -> Par1 a mfix a -> Par1 a f =a -> Par1 a forall p. p -> Par1 p Par1 ((a -> a) -> a forall a. (a -> a) -> a fix (Par1 a -> a forall p. Par1 p -> p unPar1 (Par1 a -> a) -> (a -> Par1 a) -> a -> a forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c . a -> Par1 a f ))-- | @since 4.9.0.0instanceMonadFix f =>MonadFix (Rec1 f )wheremfix :: forall a. (a -> Rec1 f a) -> Rec1 f a mfix a -> Rec1 f a f =f a -> Rec1 f a forall k (f :: k -> *) (p :: k). f p -> Rec1 f p Rec1 ((a -> f a) -> f a forall a. (a -> f a) -> f a forall (m :: * -> *) a. MonadFix m => (a -> m a) -> m a mfix (Rec1 f a -> f a forall k (f :: k -> *) (p :: k). Rec1 f p -> f p unRec1 (Rec1 f a -> f a) -> (a -> Rec1 f a) -> a -> f a forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c . a -> Rec1 f a f ))-- | @since 4.9.0.0instanceMonadFix f =>MonadFix (M1 i c f )wheremfix :: forall a. (a -> M1 i c f a) -> M1 i c f a mfix a -> M1 i c f a f =f a -> M1 i c f a forall k i (c :: Meta) (f :: k -> *) (p :: k). f p -> M1 i c f p M1 ((a -> f a) -> f a forall a. (a -> f a) -> f a forall (m :: * -> *) a. MonadFix m => (a -> m a) -> m a mfix (M1 i c f a -> f a forall k i (c :: Meta) (f :: k -> *) (p :: k). M1 i c f p -> f p unM1 (M1 i c f a -> f a) -> (a -> M1 i c f a) -> a -> f a forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c . a -> M1 i c f a f ))-- | @since 4.9.0.0instance(MonadFix f ,MonadFix g )=>MonadFix (f :*: g )wheremfix :: forall a. (a -> (:*:) f g a) -> (:*:) f g a mfix a -> (:*:) f g a f =((a -> f a) -> f a forall a. (a -> f a) -> f a forall (m :: * -> *) a. MonadFix m => (a -> m a) -> m a mfix ((:*:) f g a -> f a forall {f :: * -> *} {g :: * -> *} {p}. (:*:) f g p -> f p fstP ((:*:) f g a -> f a) -> (a -> (:*:) f g a) -> a -> f a forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c . a -> (:*:) f g a f ))f a -> g a -> (:*:) f g a forall k (f :: k -> *) (g :: k -> *) (p :: k). f p -> g p -> (:*:) f g p :*: ((a -> g a) -> g a forall a. (a -> g a) -> g a forall (m :: * -> *) a. MonadFix m => (a -> m a) -> m a mfix ((:*:) f g a -> g a forall {f :: * -> *} {g :: * -> *} {p}. (:*:) f g p -> g p sndP ((:*:) f g a -> g a) -> (a -> (:*:) f g a) -> a -> g a forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c . a -> (:*:) f g a f ))wherefstP :: (:*:) f g p -> f p fstP (f p a :*: g p _)=f p a sndP :: (:*:) f g p -> g p sndP (f p _:*: g p b )=g p b -- Instances for Data.Ord-- | @since 4.12.0.0instanceMonadFix Down wheremfix :: forall a. (a -> Down a) -> Down a mfix a -> Down a f =a -> Down a forall a. a -> Down a Down ((a -> a) -> a forall a. (a -> a) -> a fix (Down a -> a forall a. Down a -> a getDown (Down a -> a) -> (a -> Down a) -> a -> a forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c . a -> Down a f ))