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写在前面: Retrofit与okhttp共同出自于Square公司,是目前市场上使用最多的联网框架,retrofit是对okhttp做了一层封装,不过封装之后的retrofit上手还是极其复杂,为了解决使用难度问题,本文推荐使用github开源项目RetrofitUtils.
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RetrofitUtils开源项目地址:https://github.com/open-android/RetrofitUtils
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定义我们请求的Api,我们假设是这样的:
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返回服务器的数据
{
"code": 1,
"message": "success",
"result": {
"items": [
{
"detail": "",
"href": "http://www.oschina.net/news/79650/2017-top-programming-languages",
"id": 79650,
"img": "https://static.oschina.net/uploads/cooperation/75410/google-beta-natural-language-api_048424e4-a8c3-41e8-91ef-aa009e3fc559.jpg",
"name": "2017 年热门编程语言排行榜",
"pubDate": "2016-12-06 11:51:24",
"type": 6
},
{
"detail": "",
"href": "https://www.oschina.net/question/2720166_2210842",
"id": 2210842,
"img": "https://static.oschina.net/uploads/cooperation/75323/ubuntu-forum-black-sql_eb9137ea-efb2-49aa-99fd-025a221dcfe7.jpg",
"name": "高手问答 | MySQL 开发和运维规范",
"pubDate": "2016-12-06 15:48:10",
"type": 2
},
{
"detail": "",
"href": "http://www.oschina.net/news/79757/tiobe-12",
"id": 79757,
"img": "https://static.oschina.net/uploads/cooperation/78083/chrome55-save-at-least-35-percent-memory_70ceba24-eb96-4710-99ec-c1cb5a26a3d6.jpg",
"name": "C 语言为何一蹶不振?",
"pubDate": "2016-12-08 15:18:20",
"type": 6
},
{
"detail": "",
"href": "https://www.oschina.net/news/79732/firebug-stop-develope-and-maintain",
"id": 79732,
"img": "https://static.oschina.net/uploads/cooperation/77929/top-income-programming-languages-2016_16e9be1b-2a6b-453f-bafa-442fd043024b.jpg",
"name": "Firebug 宣布不再维护,讲不出再见!",
"pubDate": "2016-12-08 10:56:47",
"type": 6
},
{
"detail": "",
"href": "http://www.oschina.net/news/79673/the-founder-of-cm-was-fired",
"id": 79673,
"img": "https://static.oschina.net/uploads/cooperation/78455/intellij-idea-2016-3-public-preview_63725513-45e4-4fb2-a0bf-c7940a7a87bc.jpg",
"name": "Cyanogen 之父被踢出局",
"pubDate": "2016-12-06 11:48:43",
"type": 6
}],
"nextPageToken": "61AF0C190D6BD629",
"prevPageToken": "3EA621243546C8A5",
"requestCount": 5,
"responseCount": 5,
"totalResults": 5
},
"time": "2016-12-13 10:56:41"}
- 这样一个接口我看看使用RetrofitUtils该如何使用
大家看简单实用只需要new一个request然后发送一个send请求,就能返回服务器的数据,并且压根不需要解析拿到的直接就是各位需要的bean对象.那么我们来看看RetrofitUtils的使用步骤
在project的build.gradle添加如下代码(如下图)
引入当前项目
compile 'com.github.open-android:RetrofitUtils:0.1.9'
在清单文件添加如下权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
新建Application类并且在oncreate方法当中进行初始化: 千万注意Application记得在manifest.xml中注册。
ItheimaHttp.init(this, Urls.getBaseUrl());
eg:请求地址:http://www.oschina.net/action/apiv2/banner?catalog=1
那么baseUrl = http://www.oschina.net RetrofitUtils内部封装了如下使用方法
看一个完整Get和Post请求是如何实现:异步请求(内部使用Gson解析json数据)直接返回实体bean对象
Request request = ItheimaHttp.newGetRequest(apiUrl);//apiUrl格式:"xxx/xxxxx"
Call call = ItheimaHttp.send(request, new HttpResponseListener<Bean>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(Bean bean) {
........
}
/**
* 可以不重写失败回调
* @param call
* @param e
*/
@Override
public void onFailure(Call<ResponseBody> call, Throwable e) {
......
}
});
@param httpResponseListener 回调监听
@param <T> Bean
@return Call可以取消网络请求</span>
添加请求参数
request.putParams(key,value)
.putParams(key,value)
.putParams(key,value);
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put(key,value);
request.putParamsMap(map);
添加请求头
request.putHeader(key,value)
.putHeader(key,value);
如果不需要RetrofitUtils框架自动解析json,那么可以使用如下请求
Call call = ItheimaHttp.getAsync(apiUrl, new HttpResponseListener<String>);
Call call = ItheimaHttp.postAsync(apiUrl, new HttpResponseListener<String>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(String s) {
........
}
});
如果需要RetrofitUtils框架自动解析json,直接获取javabean,那么可以使用如下请求
Call call = ItheimaHttp.getAsync(apiUrl, new HttpResponseListener<Bean>);
Call call = ItheimaHttp.postAsync(apiUrl, new HttpResponseListener<Bean>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(Bean bean) {
........
}
});
文件上传
Request request = ItheimaHttp.newUploadRequest("http://xxx/xxx/xxx", RequestMethod.POST);
request.putUploadFile(uploadFile).putMediaType(MediaType.parse("multipart/form-data"));
ItheimaHttp.upload(request, new UploadListener() {
@Override
public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) {
//上传成功回调
}
@Override
public void onProgress(long progress, long total, boolean done) {
//上传进度回调progress:上传进度,total:文件长度, done:上传是否完成
}
@Override
public void onFailure(Call call, Throwable t) {
//上传失败
}
});
取消网络请求
call.cancel();