1. stable rust toolchains: rustup toolchain install stable
2. nightly rust toolchains: rustup toolchain install nightly --component rust-src
3. (if cross-compiling) rustup target: rustup target add ${ARCH}-unknown-linux-musl
4. (if cross-compiling) LLVM: (e.g.) brew install llvm (on macOS)
5. (if cross-compiling) C toolchain: (e.g.) brew install filosottile/musl-cross/musl-cross (on macOS)
6. bpf-linker: cargo install bpf-linker (--no-default-features on macOS)

Use cargo build, cargo check, etc. as normal. Run your program with:

# sudo -E 保留当前用户的环境变量
cargo run --release --config 'target."cfg(all())".runner="sudo -E"'

Cargo build scripts are used to automatically build the eBPF correctly and include it in the program.

Cross compilation should work on both Intel and Apple Silicon Macs.

export PATH=/tools/musl/aarch64-linux-musl-cross/bin/:$PATH
export ARCH=aarch64
CC=${ARCH}-linux-musl-gcc cargo build --package simple-program --release \
 --target=${ARCH}-unknown-linux-musl \
 --config=target.${ARCH}-unknown-linux-musl.linker=\"${ARCH}-linux-musl-gcc\"

The cross-compiled program target/${ARCH}-unknown-linux-musl/release/simple-program can be copied to a Linux server or VM and run there.