String workingDir = System.getProperty("user.dir");

FileSystems.getDefault().getPath("").toAbsolutePath().toString()

Current Working Directory Example

package com.javaguides.javaio.fileoperations.fileexamples;
import java.nio.file.FileSystems;
/**
 * get current working directory. 
 * @author javaguides.net
 *
 */
public class CurrentWorkingDirectory {
	
	/**
	 * getCurrentWorkingDirectoryPath
	 * 
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String getCurrentWorkingDirectoryPath() {
		return FileSystems.getDefault().getPath("").toAbsolutePath().toString();
	}
	/**
	 * getCurrentWorkingDirectoryPath
	 * 
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String getCurrentWorkingDirectory() {
		return System.getProperty("user.dir");
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		System.out.println(getCurrentWorkingDirectory());
		System.out.println(getCurrentWorkingDirectoryPath());
	}
}

C:\Project_Work\workspace\java-io-guide
C:\Project_Work\workspace\java-io-guide