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problems/前序/什么是核心代码模式,什么又是ACM模式?.md
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| # 什么是核心代码模式,什么又是ACM模式? | ||
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| 现在很多企业都在牛客上进行面试,**很多录友和我反馈说搞不懂牛客上输入代码的ACM模式**。 | ||
| 很多录友刷了不少题了,到现在也没有搞清楚什么是 ACM模式,什么是核心代码模式。 | ||
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| 什么是ACM输入模式呢? 就是自己构造输入数据格式,把要需要处理的容器填充好,OJ不会给你任何代码,包括include哪些函数都要自己写,最后也要自己控制返回数据的格式。 | ||
| 平时大家在力扣上刷题,就是 核心代码模式,即给你一个函数,直接写函数实现,例如这样: | ||
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| **这里给大家推荐ACM模式练习网站**:[kamacoder.com](https://kamacoder.com),把上面的题目刷完,ACM模式就没问题了。 | ||
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| 而ACM模式,是程序头文件,main函数,数据的输入输出都要自己处理,例如这样: | ||
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| 而力扣上是核心代码模式,就是把要处理的数据都已经放入容器里,可以直接写逻辑,例如这样: | ||
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| ```CPP | ||
| class Solution { | ||
| public: | ||
| int minimumTotal(vector<vector<int>>& triangle) { | ||
| 大家可以发现 右边代码框什么都没有,程序从头到尾都需要自己实现,本题如果写完代码是这样的: (细心的录友可以发现和力扣上刷题是不一样的) | ||
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| } | ||
| }; | ||
| ``` | ||
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| **如果大家从一开始学习算法就一直在力扣上的话,突然切到牛客网上的ACM模式会很不适应**。 | ||
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| 因为我上学的时候就搞ACM,在POJ(北大的在线判题系统)和ZOJ(浙大的在线判题系统)上刷过6、7百道题目了,对这种ACM模式就很熟悉。 | ||
| **如果大家从一开始学习算法就一直在力扣上的话,突然切到ACM模式会非常不适应**。 | ||
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| 接下来我给大家讲一下ACM模式应该如何写。 | ||
| 知识星球里也有很多录友,因为不熟悉ACM模式在面试的过程中吃了不少亏。 | ||
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| 这里我拿牛客上 腾讯2020校园招聘-后台 的面试题目来举一个例子,本题我不讲解题思路,只是拿本题为例讲解ACM输入输出格式。 | ||
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| 题目描述: | ||
| <div align="center"><img src='https://code-thinking-1253855093.file.myqcloud.com/pics/20230727163624.png' width=500 alt=''></img></div> | ||
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| 由于业绩优秀,公司给小Q放了 n 天的假,身为工作狂的小Q打算在在假期中工作、锻炼或者休息。他有个奇怪的习惯:不会连续两天工作或锻炼。只有当公司营业时,小Q才能去工作,只有当健身房营业时,小Q才能去健身,小Q一天只能干一件事。给出假期中公司,健身房的营业情况,求小Q最少需要休息几天。 | ||
| <div align="center"><img src='https://code-thinking-1253855093.file.myqcloud.com/pics/20230727163938.png' width=500 alt=''></img></div> | ||
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| 输入描述: | ||
| 第一行一个整数 表示放假天数 | ||
| 第二行 n 个数 每个数为0或1,第 i 个数表示公司在第 i 天是否营业 | ||
| 第三行 n 个数 每个数为0或1,第 i 个数表示健身房在第 i 天是否营业 | ||
| (1为营业 0为不营业) | ||
| <div align="center"><img src='https://code-thinking-1253855093.file.myqcloud.com/pics/20230727164042.png' width=500 alt=''></img></div> | ||
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| 输出描述: | ||
| 一个整数,表示小Q休息的最少天数 | ||
| <div align="center"><img src='https://code-thinking-1253855093.file.myqcloud.com/pics/20230727164151.png' width=500 alt=''></img></div> | ||
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| 示例一: | ||
| 输入: | ||
| 4 | ||
| 1 1 0 0 | ||
| 0 1 1 0 | ||
| <div align="center"><img src='https://code-thinking-1253855093.file.myqcloud.com/pics/20230727164459.png' width=500 alt=''></img></div> | ||
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| 输出: | ||
| 2 | ||
| ## 面试究竟怎么考? | ||
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| 笔试的话,基本都是 ACM模式。 | ||
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| 这道题如果要是力扣上的核心代码模式,OJ应该直接给出如下代码: | ||
| 面试的话,看情况,有的面试官会让你写一个函数实现就可以,此时就是核心代码模式。 | ||
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| ```CPP | ||
| class Solution { | ||
| public: | ||
| int getDays(vector<int>& work, vector<int>& gym) { | ||
| // 处理逻辑 | ||
| } | ||
| }; | ||
| ``` | ||
| 有的面试官会 给你一个编辑器,让你写完代码运行一下看看输出结果,此时就是ACM模式。 | ||
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| 以上代码中我们直接写核心逻辑就行了,work数组,gym数组都是填好的,直接拿来用就行,处理完之后 return 结果就完事了。 | ||
| 有的录友想,那我平时在力扣刷题,写的是核心代码模式,我也可以运行,为啥一定要用ACM模式。 | ||
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| 那么看看ACM模式我们要怎么写呢。 | ||
| **大家在力扣刷题刷多了,已经忘了程序是如何运行的了**,力扣上写的代码,脱离力扣环境,那个函数,你怎么运行呢? | ||
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| ACM模式要求写出来的代码是直接可以本地运行的,所以我们需要自己写include哪些库函数,构造输入用例,构造输出用例。 | ||
| 想让程序在本地运行起来,是不是需要补充 库函数,是不是要补充main函数,是不是要补充数据的输入和输出。 那不就是ACM模式了。 | ||
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| 拿本题来说,为了让代码可以运行,需要include这些库函数: | ||
| 综合来看,** ACM模式更考察综合代码能力, 核心代码模式是更聚焦算法的实现逻辑**。 | ||
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| ```CPP | ||
| #include<iostream> | ||
| #include<vector> | ||
| using namespace std; | ||
| ``` | ||
| ## 去哪练习ACM模式? | ||
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| 这里给大家推荐卡码网: [kamacoder.com](https://kamacoder.com/) | ||
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| 然后开始写主函数,来处理输入用例了,示例一 是一个完整的测试用例,一般我们测了一个用例还要测第二个用例,所以用:while(cin>>n) 来输入数据。 | ||
| 你只要能把卡码网首页的25道题目 都刷了 ,就把所有的ACM输入输出方式都练习到位了,不会有任何盲区。 | ||
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| 这里输入的n就是天数,得到天数之后,就可以来构造work数组和gym数组了。 | ||
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| 此时就已经完成了输入用例构建,然后就是处理逻辑了,最后返回结果。 | ||
| 而且你不用担心,题目难度太大,直接给自己劝退,**卡码网的前25道题目都是我精心制作的,难度也是循序渐进的**,大家去刷一下就知道了。 | ||
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| 完整代码如下: | ||
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| ```CPP | ||
| #include<iostream> | ||
| #include<vector> | ||
| using namespace std; | ||
| int main() { | ||
| int n; | ||
| while (cin >> n) { | ||
| vector<int> gym(n); | ||
| vector<int> work(n); | ||
| for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) cin >> work[i]; | ||
| for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) cin >> gym[i]; | ||
| int result = 0; | ||
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| // 处理逻辑 | ||
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| cout << result << endl; | ||
| } | ||
| return 0; | ||
| } | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 可以看出ACM模式要比核心代码模式多写不少代码,相对来说ACM模式更锻炼代码能力,而核心代码模式是把侧重点完全放在算法逻辑上。 | ||
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| **国内企业现在很多都用牛客来进行面试,所以这种ACM模式大家还有必要熟悉一下**,以免面试的时候因为输入输出搞不懂而错失offer。 | ||
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| 如果大家有精力的话,也可以去POJ上去刷刷题,POJ是ACM选手首选OJ,输入模式也是ACM模式。 | ||
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| ----------------------- | ||
| <div align="center"><img src=https://code-thinking.cdn.bcebos.com/pics/01二维码.jpg width=450> </img></div> |
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