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OnlinePythonTutor

visualize.html

visualize.html 20.91 KB

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<!--

Online Python Tutor
https://github.com/pgbovine/OnlinePythonTutor/

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

-->

<head>
 <title>Visualize Python, Java, JavaScript, TypeScript, and Ruby code execution</title>

<script type="text/javascript" src="js/d3.v2.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.8.2.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ba-bbq.min.js"></script> 
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.ba-dotimeout.min.js"></script> 
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.jsPlumb-1.3.10-all-min.js "></script> 
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/diff_match_patch.js"></script>

<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.qtip.min.js"></script>
<link type="text/css" href="css/jquery.qtip.css" rel="stylesheet" />

<script type="text/javascript" src="js/ace/src-min-noconflict/ace.js" charset="utf-8"></script>

<script type="text/javascript" src="js/togetherjs/togetherjs-min.js"></script>

<link type="text/css" href="codeopticon/css/jquery.ui.chatbox-LEARNER.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<script type="text/javascript" src="codeopticon/js/jquery.ui.chatbox-LEARNER.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="codeopticon/js/codeopticon-learner.js"></script>

</head>

<body>

<div id="ssDiv">
 <button id="sharedSessionBtn" type="button" class="togetherjsBtn">
 Start shared session
 </button>
 <div style="font-size: 7pt; margin-left: 2px; margin-top: 3px;">
 <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z2TIjNArOK4" target="_blank">What are shared sessions?</a>
 </div>
</div>

<div id="sharedSessionDisplayDiv" style="display: none;">
 <button id="stopTogetherJSBtn" type="button" class="togetherjsBtn">
 End shared session
 </button>

<div style="width: 200px; font-size: 8pt; color: #666; margin-top: 5px;">
 Your chat logs and code may be recorded, anonymized, and analyzed for research.
 </div>
</div>

</td>
<td valign="top">

</td>
</tr>
</table>

<div id="codeInputWarnings">Write code in

<select id="pythonVersionSelector">
 <option value="2">Python 2.7</option>
 <option value="3">Python 3.3</option>
 
 <option value="java">Java 8</option>
 <option value="js">JavaScript ES6</option>
 <option value="ts">TypeScript 1.4</option>
 <option value="ruby">Ruby 2.2</option>
 <option value="c">C (gcc 4.8, C11) EXPERIMENTAL</option>
 <option value="cpp">C++ (gcc 4.8, C++11) EXPERIMENTAL</option>
 </select>

</div>

<div id="someoneIsTypingDiv" style="color: #e93f34; font-weight: bold; display: none;">Someone is typing ...</div>

<p>
<button id="executeBtn" class="bigBtn" type="button">Visualize Execution</button>
<button style="margin-left: 20px;" id="liveModeBtn" class="bigBtn" type="button">Live Programming Mode <font color="#e93f34">(NEW!)</font></button>
</p>

<div id="javaOptionsPane" style="margin-top: 20px;">
[<i>coming soon!</i>] Java options: pass in command-line arguments and feed user input to stdin
</div>

<div id="optionsPane" style="margin-top: 20px; line-height: 150%;">
 <select id="cumulativeModeSelector">
 <option value="false">hide exited frames [default]</option>
 <option value="true">show all frames (Python)</option>
 
 </select>
 <select id="heapPrimitivesSelector">
 <option value="false">inline primitives &amp; nested objects [default]</option>
 <option value="true">render all objects on the heap (Python/Java)</option>
 </select>
 <select id="textualMemoryLabelsSelector">
 <option value="false">draw pointers as arrows [default]</option>
 <option value="true">use text labels for pointers</option>
 </select>

<select id="drawParentPointerSelector" style="display: none;">
 <option value="false">hide environment parent pointers (default)</option>
 
 </select>
 <select id="showOnlyOutputsSelector" style="display: none;">
 <option value="false">show everything (default)</option>
 
 </select>
</div>

<p style="margin-top: 25px;"><a href="#" id="createTestsLink">Create test cases</a></p>

<p>The examples below illustrate some of this tool's visualization
capabilities but are <em>not</em> meant as standalone programming
lessons. For effective learning, people often use this tool as a
supplement to textbooks, lecture notes, and online programming
tutorials.</p>

<p style="margin-top: 25px; font-weight: bold;">Python Examples</p>

<p style="margin-top: 10px;">Basic:

<a class="exampleLink" id="aliasExampleLink" href="#">hello</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="happyExampleLink" href="#">happy</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="tutorialExampleLink" href="#">intro</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="filterExampleLink" href="#">filter</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="strtokExampleLink" href="#">tokenize</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="insSortExampleLink" href="#">insertion sort</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="forElseLink" href="#">for-else</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="rawInputExampleLink" href="#">user input</a>
</p>

<p style="margin-top: 15px;">Math:
<a class="exampleLink" id="factExampleLink" href="#">factorial</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="fibonacciExampleLink" href="#">fibonacci</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="memoFibExampleLink" href="#">memoized fibonacci</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="newtonExampleLink" href="#">square root</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="pwGcdLink" href="#">gcd</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="towersOfHanoiLink" href="#">towers of hanoi</a>
</p>

<p style="margin-top: 15px;">Objects:

<a class="exampleLink" id="oop1ExampleLink" href="#">OOP 1</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="oop2ExampleLink" href="#">OOP 2</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="oopSmallExampleLink" href="#">OOP 3</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="inheritanceExampleLink" href="#">inheritance</a>

</p>

<p style="margin-top: 15px;">Linked Lists:
<a class="exampleLink" id="ll1Link" href="#">LL 1</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="ll2Link" href="#">LL 2</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="sumListLink" href="#">LL sum</a>
</p>

<p style="margin-top: 15px;">Pointer Aliasing:<br/>
<a class="exampleLink" id="aliasing1Link" href="#">aliasing1</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="aliasing2Link" href="#">aliasing2</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="aliasing3Link" href="#">aliasing3</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="aliasing4Link" href="#">aliasing4</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="aliasing5Link" href="#">aliasing5</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="aliasing6Link" href="#">aliasing6</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="aliasing7Link" href="#">aliasing7</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="aliasing8Link" href="#">aliasing8</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="pwSumListLink" href="#">sumList</a>
</p>

<p style="margin-top: 15px;">Higher-Order Functions:<br/>

<a class="exampleLink" id="closure1Link" href="#">closure1</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="closure2Link" href="#">closure2</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="closure3Link" href="#">closure3</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="closure4Link" href="#">closure4</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="closure5Link" href="#">closure5</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="mapExampleLink" href="#">list map</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="sumExampleLink" href="#">summation</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="lambdaParamLink" href="#">lambda param</a>

</p>

<p style="margin-top: 15px;">Advanced:<br/>
<a class="exampleLink" id="listCompLink" href="#">list comp</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="compsLink" href="#">list/set/dict comp</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="decoratorsLink" href="#">decorator</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="genPrimesLink" href="#">generator</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="genExprLink" href="#">genexpr</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="varargsLink" href="#">varargs</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="pwTryFinallyLink" href="#">exception</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="metaclassLink" href="#">metaclass</a>
</p>

<p style="margin-top: 15px;">Python 3 only: <a class="exampleLink" id="tortureLink" href="#">student torture</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="nonlocalLink" href="#">nonlocal</a>
</p>

<p style="margin-top: 25px; font-weight: bold;">Java Examples</p>

<p>
Basic:
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaVarLink" href="#">Variables</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaCFLink" href="#">ControlFlow</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaSqrtLink" href="#">Sqrt</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaExecLimitLink" href="#">ExecLimit</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaStringsLink" href="#">Strings</a>
</p>

<p>
Methods:
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaPassByValLink" href="#">PassByValue</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaRecurLink" href="#">Recursion</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaSOLink" href="#">StackOverflow</a>
</p>

<p>
OOP:
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaRolexLink" href="#">Rolex</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaPersonLink" href="#">Person</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaComplexLink" href="#">Complex</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaCastingLink" href="#">Casting</a>
</p>

<p>
Data structures:
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaLLLink" href="#">LinkedList</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaStackQueueLink" href="#">StackQueue</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaPostfixLink" href="#">Postfix</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaSTLink" href="#">SymbolTable</a>
</p>

<p>
Java features:
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaToStringLink" href="#">ToString</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaReflectLink" href="#">Reflect</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaExceptionLink" href="#">Exception</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaExceptionFlowLink" href="#">ExceptionFlow</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaTwoClassesLink" href="#">TwoClasses</a>
</p>

<p>
Misc:
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaForestLink" href="#">Forest</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaKnapsackLink" href="#">Knapsack</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaStaticInitLink" href="#">StaticInitializer</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaSyntheticLink" href="#">Synthetic</a>
</p>

<p style="margin-top: 5px;">(All Java examples created by <a href="https://github.com/daveagp">David Pritchard</a>)</p>

<p style="margin-top: 25px; font-weight: bold;">JavaScript Examples</p>

<p style="margin-top: 5px;">
 <a class="exampleLink" id="jsFactExLink" href="#">factorial</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="jsDatatypesExLink" href="#">data types</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="jsExceptionExLink" href="#">exception</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="jsClosureExLink" href="#">closure</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="jsShadowingExLink" href="#">shadowing</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="jsConstructorExLink" href="#">constructor</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="jsInhExLink" href="#">inheritance</a>
</p>

<p style="margin-top: 25px; font-weight: bold;">TypeScript Examples</p>

<p style="margin-top: 5px;">
 <a class="exampleLink" id="tsHelloExLink" href="#">hello</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="tsGreeterExLink" href="#">classes</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="tsInheritanceExLink" href="#">inheritance</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="tsGreeterGenericsExLink" href="#">generics</a>
</p>

<p style="margin-top: 25px; font-weight: bold;">Ruby Examples</p>

<p style="margin-top: 5px;">
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyContainersLink" href="#">Containers</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyGlobalsLink" href="#">Globals</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyConstantsLink" href="#">Constants</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyBlocksLink" href="#">Blocks</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyBlocksScopingLink" href="#">Block scoping</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyBlocksScoping3Link" href="#">More block scoping</a>
 <p/>
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyProcLink" href="#">Proc & Lambda</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyProcScopingLink" href="#">Proc scoping</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyProcReturnLink" href="#">Proc return</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyLambdaScopingLink" href="#">Lambda scoping</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyInheritanceLink" href="#">Inheritance</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubySymbolsLink" href="#">Symbols</a>
 <p/>
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyPrivateProtectedLink" href="#">Protected & private</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyInstClassVarsComplexLink" href="#">Class & instance vars</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyToplevelLink" href="#">Toplevel defs</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyMegagreeterLink" href="#">Megagreeter</a>
</p>

<p style="margin-top: 25px; font-weight: bold;">C Examples</p>

<p style="margin-top: 5px;">
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cMengThesisLink" href="#">Thesis</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cGlobalsLink" href="#">Globals</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cStructLink" href="#">Structs</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cNestedStructLink" href="#">Nested structs</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cArrOverflowLink" href="#">Array overflow</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cArrParamLink" href="#">Array param</a>
 <p/>
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cStringRevLink" href="#">String reverse</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cPtrLevelsLink" href="#">Pointer levels</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cPtrChainLink" href="#">Pointer chain</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cPtrWildLink" href="#">Pointers wild</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cTypedefLink" href="#">Typedef</a>
</p>

<p style="margin-top: 25px; font-weight: bold;">C++ Examples</p>

<p style="margin-top: 5px;">
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cppFirstLink" href="#">Basic</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cppPassRefLink" href="#">Pass by ref</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cppClassLink" href="#">Class</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cppClassPtrLink" href="#">Class pointer</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cppDateLink" href="#">Date class</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cppInheritLink" href="#">Inheritance</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cppVirtualLink" href="#">Virtual method</a>
</p>

</div>

<p>
 <button id="genUrlBtn" class="smallBtn" type="button">Generate permanent link</button> <input type="text" id="urlOutput" size="70"/>
</p>

<p>Click the button above to create a permanent link to your
visualization. To report a bug, paste the link along with a brief error
description in an email addressed to philip@pgbovine.net</p>

<div id="embedLinkDiv">
<p>
 <button id="genEmbedBtn" class="smallBtn" type="button">Generate embed code</button> <input type="text" id="embedCodeOutput" size="70"/>
</p>

<p>To embed this visualization in your webpage, click the 'Generate
embed code' button above and paste the resulting HTML code into your
webpage. Adjust the height and width parameters and
change the link to <b>https://</b> if needed.</p>
</div>

<p style="margin-top: 25px;">
<a href="http://pythontutor.com/">Python Tutor</a> (<a href="https://github.com/pgbovine/OnlinePythonTutor">code on GitHub</a>) supports seven
languages (despite its name!):</p>

<p>1. Python <a href="http://www.python.org/doc/2.7/">2.7</a> and <a
href="http://www.python.org/doc/3.3.0/">3.3</a> with limited module
imports and no file I/O.
The following modules may be imported: 
bisect,
collections,
copy,
datetime,
functools,
hashlib,
heapq,
itertools,
json,
math,
operator,
random,
re,
string,
time,
io/StringIO.
<a
href="https://github.com/pgbovine/OnlinePythonTutor/tree/master/v3">Backend source code</a>.
</p>

<p>2. Java using Oracle's Java 8. The original <a
href="http://cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca/java_visualize/">Java
visualizer</a> was created by <a href="https://github.com/daveagp">David Pritchard</a> and Will Gwozdz.
It supports
<code><a href="http://introcs.cs.princeton.edu/java/stdlib/javadoc/StdIn.html">StdIn</a></code>, 
<code><a href="http://introcs.cs.princeton.edu/java/stdlib/javadoc/StdOut.html">StdOut</a></code>, 
most other <a href="http://introcs.cs.princeton.edu/java/stdlib"><tt>stdlib</tt> libraries</a>,
<a href="http://introcs.cs.princeton.edu/java/43stack/Stack.java.html"><tt>Stack</tt></a>,
<a href="http://introcs.cs.princeton.edu/java/43stack/Queue.java.html"><tt>Queue</tt></a>,
and <a href="http://introcs.cs.princeton.edu/java/44st/ST.java.html"><tt>ST</tt></a>.
(To access Java's built-in <tt>Stack</tt>/<tt>Queue</tt> classes, write
<tt>import java.util.Stack;</tt> &mdash; note, <tt>import
java.util.*;</tt> won't work.)
<a
href="https://github.com/pgbovine/OnlinePythonTutor/tree/master/v4-cokapi/backends/java">Backend
source code</a>.</p>

<p>3. JavaScript running in Node.js v6.0.0 with limited support for ES6. <a
href="https://github.com/pgbovine/OnlinePythonTutor/tree/master/v4-cokapi/backends/javascript">Backend
source code</a>.</p>

<p>4. <a href="http://www.typescriptlang.org">TypeScript</a> 1.4.1 running in Node.js v6.0.0. <a
href="https://github.com/pgbovine/OnlinePythonTutor/tree/master/v4-cokapi/backends/javascript">Backend
source code</a>.</p>

<p>5. Ruby 2 using MRI 2.2.2. <a
href="https://github.com/pgbovine/OnlinePythonTutor/tree/master/v4-cokapi/backends/ruby">Backend
source code</a>.</p>

<p>6. C using gcc 4.8, C11, and Valgrind Memcheck.
<a href="https://github.com/pgbovine/opt-cpp-backend">Backend source code</a>.</p>

<p>7. C++ using gcc 4.8, C++11, and Valgrind Memcheck.
<a href="https://github.com/pgbovine/opt-cpp-backend">Backend source code</a>.</p>

<p style="margin-top: 30px;">Privacy Policy: By using Online Python
Tutor, your visualized code, options, user interactions, text chats, and
IP address are logged on our server and may be analyzed for research
purposes. Nearly all Web services collect this basic information from
users. However, the Online Python Tutor website (pythontutor.com) does
not collect any personal information or session state from users, nor
does it issue any cookies.</p>

</div>

<div id="chat_div"></div>

</body>
</html>

一键复制编辑原始数据按行查看历史

Philip Guo 提交于 2016年06月24日 07:05 +08:00 . updated and cleaned-up website text

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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<!--

Online Python Tutor
https://github.com/pgbovine/OnlinePythonTutor/

Copyright (C) Philip J. Guo (philip@pgbovine.net)

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

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<head>
 <title>Visualize Python, Java, JavaScript, TypeScript, and Ruby code execution</title>

 <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/>

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<body>

<table id="experimentalHeader">
<tr>
<td valign="top">

<div id="ssDiv">
 <button id="sharedSessionBtn" type="button" class="togetherjsBtn">
 Start shared session
 </button>
 <div style="font-size: 7pt; margin-left: 2px; margin-top: 3px;">
 <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z2TIjNArOK4" target="_blank">What are shared sessions?</a>
 </div>
</div>

<div id="sharedSessionDisplayDiv" style="display: none;">
 <button id="stopTogetherJSBtn" type="button" class="togetherjsBtn">
 End shared session
 </button>

 <div style="width: 200px; font-size: 8pt; color: #666; margin-top: 5px;">
 Your chat logs and code may be recorded, anonymized, and analyzed for research.
 </div>
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</td>
<td valign="top">

<div id="togetherjsStatus"></div>

<div id="surveyHeader"></div>

</td>
</tr>
</table>


<div id="pyInputPane">

<div id="codeInputWarnings">Write code in

 <select id="pythonVersionSelector">
 <option value="2">Python 2.7</option>
 <option value="3">Python 3.3</option>
 <!--<option value="2crazy">Py 2.crazy</option>-->
 <option value="java">Java 8</option>
 <option value="js">JavaScript ES6</option>
 <option value="ts">TypeScript 1.4</option>
 <option value="ruby">Ruby 2.2</option>
 <option value="c">C (gcc 4.8, C11) EXPERIMENTAL</option>
 <option value="cpp">C++ (gcc 4.8, C++11) EXPERIMENTAL</option>
 </select>

</div>

<div id="someoneIsTypingDiv" style="color: #e93f34; font-weight: bold; display: none;">Someone is typing ...</div>

<div id="codeInputPane"></div> <!-- populate with a CodeMirror or Ace code editor instance -->
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<div id="surveyPane"></div>

<p>
<button id="executeBtn" class="bigBtn" type="button">Visualize Execution</button>
<button style="margin-left: 20px;" id="liveModeBtn" class="bigBtn" type="button">Live Programming Mode <font color="#e93f34">(NEW!)</font></button>
</p>


<div id="javaOptionsPane" style="margin-top: 20px;">
[<i>coming soon!</i>] Java options: pass in command-line arguments and feed user input to stdin
</div>


<div id="optionsPane" style="margin-top: 20px; line-height: 150%;">
 <select id="cumulativeModeSelector">
 <option value="false">hide exited frames [default]</option>
 <option value="true">show all frames (Python)</option>
 <!-- <option value="holistic">holistic mode (experimental)</option> -->
 </select>
 <select id="heapPrimitivesSelector">
 <option value="false">inline primitives &amp; nested objects [default]</option>
 <option value="true">render all objects on the heap (Python/Java)</option>
 </select>
 <select id="textualMemoryLabelsSelector">
 <option value="false">draw pointers as arrows [default]</option>
 <option value="true">use text labels for pointers</option>
 </select>

 <!-- hide these for now -->
 <select id="drawParentPointerSelector" style="display: none;">
 <option value="false">hide environment parent pointers (default)</option>
 <!--<option value="true">show environment parent pointers</option>-->
 </select>
 <select id="showOnlyOutputsSelector" style="display: none;">
 <option value="false">show everything (default)</option>
 <!--<option value="true">show only outputs</option>-->
 </select>
</div>


<p style="margin-top: 25px;"><a href="#" id="createTestsLink">Create test cases</a></p>

<div id="testCasesPane"></div>

<p>The examples below illustrate some of this tool's visualization
capabilities but are <em>not</em> meant as standalone programming
lessons. For effective learning, people often use this tool as a
supplement to textbooks, lecture notes, and online programming
tutorials.</p>

<p style="margin-top: 25px; font-weight: bold;">Python Examples</p>

<p style="margin-top: 10px;">Basic:

<a class="exampleLink" id="aliasExampleLink" href="#">hello</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="happyExampleLink" href="#">happy</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="tutorialExampleLink" href="#">intro</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="filterExampleLink" href="#">filter</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="strtokExampleLink" href="#">tokenize</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="insSortExampleLink" href="#">insertion sort</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="forElseLink" href="#">for-else</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="rawInputExampleLink" href="#">user input</a>
</p>

<p style="margin-top: 15px;">Math:
<a class="exampleLink" id="factExampleLink" href="#">factorial</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="fibonacciExampleLink" href="#">fibonacci</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="memoFibExampleLink" href="#">memoized fibonacci</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="newtonExampleLink" href="#">square root</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="pwGcdLink" href="#">gcd</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="towersOfHanoiLink" href="#">towers of hanoi</a>
</p>


<p style="margin-top: 15px;">Objects:

<a class="exampleLink" id="oop1ExampleLink" href="#">OOP 1</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="oop2ExampleLink" href="#">OOP 2</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="oopSmallExampleLink" href="#">OOP 3</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="inheritanceExampleLink" href="#">inheritance</a>

</p>

<p style="margin-top: 15px;">Linked Lists:
<a class="exampleLink" id="ll1Link" href="#">LL 1</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="ll2Link" href="#">LL 2</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="sumListLink" href="#">LL sum</a>
</p>

<p style="margin-top: 15px;">Pointer Aliasing:<br/>
<a class="exampleLink" id="aliasing1Link" href="#">aliasing1</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="aliasing2Link" href="#">aliasing2</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="aliasing3Link" href="#">aliasing3</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="aliasing4Link" href="#">aliasing4</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="aliasing5Link" href="#">aliasing5</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="aliasing6Link" href="#">aliasing6</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="aliasing7Link" href="#">aliasing7</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="aliasing8Link" href="#">aliasing8</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="pwSumListLink" href="#">sumList</a>
</p>

<p style="margin-top: 15px;">Higher-Order Functions:<br/>

<a class="exampleLink" id="closure1Link" href="#">closure1</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="closure2Link" href="#">closure2</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="closure3Link" href="#">closure3</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="closure4Link" href="#">closure4</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="closure5Link" href="#">closure5</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="mapExampleLink" href="#">list map</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="sumExampleLink" href="#">summation</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="lambdaParamLink" href="#">lambda param</a>

</p>

<p style="margin-top: 15px;">Advanced:<br/>
<a class="exampleLink" id="listCompLink" href="#">list comp</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="compsLink" href="#">list/set/dict comp</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="decoratorsLink" href="#">decorator</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="genPrimesLink" href="#">generator</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="genExprLink" href="#">genexpr</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="varargsLink" href="#">varargs</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="pwTryFinallyLink" href="#">exception</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="metaclassLink" href="#">metaclass</a>
</p>

<p style="margin-top: 15px;">Python 3 only: <a class="exampleLink" id="tortureLink" href="#">student torture</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="nonlocalLink" href="#">nonlocal</a>
</p>

<p style="margin-top: 25px; font-weight: bold;">Java Examples</p>

<p>
Basic:
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaVarLink" href="#">Variables</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaCFLink" href="#">ControlFlow</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaSqrtLink" href="#">Sqrt</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaExecLimitLink" href="#">ExecLimit</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaStringsLink" href="#">Strings</a>
</p>

<p>
Methods:
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaPassByValLink" href="#">PassByValue</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaRecurLink" href="#">Recursion</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaSOLink" href="#">StackOverflow</a>
</p>

<p>
OOP:
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaRolexLink" href="#">Rolex</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaPersonLink" href="#">Person</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaComplexLink" href="#">Complex</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaCastingLink" href="#">Casting</a>
</p>

<p>
Data structures:
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaLLLink" href="#">LinkedList</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaStackQueueLink" href="#">StackQueue</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaPostfixLink" href="#">Postfix</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaSTLink" href="#">SymbolTable</a>
</p>

<p>
Java features:
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaToStringLink" href="#">ToString</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaReflectLink" href="#">Reflect</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaExceptionLink" href="#">Exception</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaExceptionFlowLink" href="#">ExceptionFlow</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaTwoClassesLink" href="#">TwoClasses</a>
</p>

<p>
Misc:
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaForestLink" href="#">Forest</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaKnapsackLink" href="#">Knapsack</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaStaticInitLink" href="#">StaticInitializer</a> |
<a class="exampleLink" id="javaSyntheticLink" href="#">Synthetic</a>
</p>

<p style="margin-top: 5px;">(All Java examples created by <a href="https://github.com/daveagp">David Pritchard</a>)</p>

<p style="margin-top: 25px; font-weight: bold;">JavaScript Examples</p>

<p style="margin-top: 5px;">
 <a class="exampleLink" id="jsFactExLink" href="#">factorial</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="jsDatatypesExLink" href="#">data types</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="jsExceptionExLink" href="#">exception</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="jsClosureExLink" href="#">closure</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="jsShadowingExLink" href="#">shadowing</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="jsConstructorExLink" href="#">constructor</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="jsInhExLink" href="#">inheritance</a>
</p>

<p style="margin-top: 25px; font-weight: bold;">TypeScript Examples</p>

<p style="margin-top: 5px;">
 <a class="exampleLink" id="tsHelloExLink" href="#">hello</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="tsGreeterExLink" href="#">classes</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="tsInheritanceExLink" href="#">inheritance</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="tsGreeterGenericsExLink" href="#">generics</a>
</p>

<p style="margin-top: 25px; font-weight: bold;">Ruby Examples</p>

<p style="margin-top: 5px;">
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyContainersLink" href="#">Containers</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyGlobalsLink" href="#">Globals</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyConstantsLink" href="#">Constants</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyBlocksLink" href="#">Blocks</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyBlocksScopingLink" href="#">Block scoping</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyBlocksScoping3Link" href="#">More block scoping</a>
 <p/>
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyProcLink" href="#">Proc & Lambda</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyProcScopingLink" href="#">Proc scoping</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyProcReturnLink" href="#">Proc return</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyLambdaScopingLink" href="#">Lambda scoping</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyInheritanceLink" href="#">Inheritance</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubySymbolsLink" href="#">Symbols</a>
 <p/>
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyPrivateProtectedLink" href="#">Protected & private</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyInstClassVarsComplexLink" href="#">Class & instance vars</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyToplevelLink" href="#">Toplevel defs</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="rubyMegagreeterLink" href="#">Megagreeter</a>
</p>

<p style="margin-top: 25px; font-weight: bold;">C Examples</p>

<p style="margin-top: 5px;">
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cMengThesisLink" href="#">Thesis</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cGlobalsLink" href="#">Globals</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cStructLink" href="#">Structs</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cNestedStructLink" href="#">Nested structs</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cArrOverflowLink" href="#">Array overflow</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cArrParamLink" href="#">Array param</a>
 <p/>
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cStringRevLink" href="#">String reverse</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cPtrLevelsLink" href="#">Pointer levels</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cPtrChainLink" href="#">Pointer chain</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cPtrWildLink" href="#">Pointers wild</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cTypedefLink" href="#">Typedef</a>
</p>

<p style="margin-top: 25px; font-weight: bold;">C++ Examples</p>

<p style="margin-top: 5px;">
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cppFirstLink" href="#">Basic</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cppPassRefLink" href="#">Pass by ref</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cppClassLink" href="#">Class</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cppClassPtrLink" href="#">Class pointer</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cppDateLink" href="#">Date class</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cppInheritLink" href="#">Inheritance</a> |
 <a class="exampleLink" id="cppVirtualLink" href="#">Virtual method</a>
</p>

</div>


<div id="pyOutputPane">
</div>

<div id="footer">

<p>
 <button id="genUrlBtn" class="smallBtn" type="button">Generate permanent link</button> <input type="text" id="urlOutput" size="70"/>
</p>

<p>Click the button above to create a permanent link to your
visualization. To report a bug, paste the link along with a brief error
description in an email addressed to philip@pgbovine.net</p>

<div id="embedLinkDiv">
<p>
 <button id="genEmbedBtn" class="smallBtn" type="button">Generate embed code</button> <input type="text" id="embedCodeOutput" size="70"/>
</p>

<p>To embed this visualization in your webpage, click the 'Generate
embed code' button above and paste the resulting HTML code into your
webpage. Adjust the height and width parameters and
change the link to <b>https://</b> if needed.</p>
</div>

<p style="margin-top: 25px;">
<a href="http://pythontutor.com/">Python Tutor</a> (<a href="https://github.com/pgbovine/OnlinePythonTutor">code on GitHub</a>) supports seven
languages (despite its name!):</p>

<p>1. Python <a href="http://www.python.org/doc/2.7/">2.7</a> and <a
href="http://www.python.org/doc/3.3.0/">3.3</a> with limited module
imports and no file I/O.
The following modules may be imported: 
bisect,
collections,
copy,
datetime,
functools,
hashlib,
heapq,
itertools,
json,
math,
operator,
random,
re,
string,
time,
io/StringIO.
<a
href="https://github.com/pgbovine/OnlinePythonTutor/tree/master/v3">Backend source code</a>.
</p>

<p>2. Java using Oracle's Java 8. The original <a
href="http://cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca/java_visualize/">Java
visualizer</a> was created by <a href="https://github.com/daveagp">David Pritchard</a> and Will Gwozdz.
It supports
<code><a href="http://introcs.cs.princeton.edu/java/stdlib/javadoc/StdIn.html">StdIn</a></code>, 
<code><a href="http://introcs.cs.princeton.edu/java/stdlib/javadoc/StdOut.html">StdOut</a></code>, 
most other <a href="http://introcs.cs.princeton.edu/java/stdlib"><tt>stdlib</tt> libraries</a>,
<a href="http://introcs.cs.princeton.edu/java/43stack/Stack.java.html"><tt>Stack</tt></a>,
<a href="http://introcs.cs.princeton.edu/java/43stack/Queue.java.html"><tt>Queue</tt></a>,
and <a href="http://introcs.cs.princeton.edu/java/44st/ST.java.html"><tt>ST</tt></a>.
(To access Java's built-in <tt>Stack</tt>/<tt>Queue</tt> classes, write
<tt>import java.util.Stack;</tt> &mdash; note, <tt>import
java.util.*;</tt> won't work.)
<a
href="https://github.com/pgbovine/OnlinePythonTutor/tree/master/v4-cokapi/backends/java">Backend
source code</a>.</p>

<p>3. JavaScript running in Node.js v6.0.0 with limited support for ES6. <a
href="https://github.com/pgbovine/OnlinePythonTutor/tree/master/v4-cokapi/backends/javascript">Backend
source code</a>.</p>

<p>4. <a href="http://www.typescriptlang.org">TypeScript</a> 1.4.1 running in Node.js v6.0.0. <a
href="https://github.com/pgbovine/OnlinePythonTutor/tree/master/v4-cokapi/backends/javascript">Backend
source code</a>.</p>

<p>5. Ruby 2 using MRI 2.2.2. <a
href="https://github.com/pgbovine/OnlinePythonTutor/tree/master/v4-cokapi/backends/ruby">Backend
source code</a>.</p>

<p>6. C using gcc 4.8, C11, and Valgrind Memcheck.
<a href="https://github.com/pgbovine/opt-cpp-backend">Backend source code</a>.</p>

<p>7. C++ using gcc 4.8, C++11, and Valgrind Memcheck.
<a href="https://github.com/pgbovine/opt-cpp-backend">Backend source code</a>.</p>

<p style="margin-top: 30px;">Privacy Policy: By using Online Python
Tutor, your visualized code, options, user interactions, text chats, and
IP address are logged on our server and may be analyzed for research
purposes. Nearly all Web services collect this basic information from
users. However, the Online Python Tutor website (pythontutor.com) does
not collect any personal information or session state from users, nor
does it issue any cookies.</p>

<p style="margin-top: 25px;">
Copyright &copy; <a href="http://www.pgbovine.net/">Philip Guo</a>. All rights reserved.
</p>

</div>

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