.. module:: syslog :platform: Unix :synopsis: An interface to the Unix syslog library routines.
This module provides an interface to the Unix syslog library routines.
Refer to the Unix manual pages for a detailed description of the syslog
facility.
This module wraps the system syslog family of routines. A pure Python
library that can speak to a syslog server is available in the
:mod:`logging.handlers` module as :class:`SysLogHandler`.
The module defines the following functions:
.. function:: syslog(message) syslog(priority, message) Send the string *message* to the system logger. A trailing newline is added if necessary. Each message is tagged with a priority composed of a *facility* and a *level*. The optional *priority* argument, which defaults to :const:`LOG_INFO`, determines the message priority. If the facility is not encoded in *priority* using logical-or (``LOG_INFO | LOG_USER``), the value given in the :func:`openlog` call is used. If :func:`openlog` has not been called prior to the call to :func:`syslog`, ``openlog()`` will be called with no arguments.
.. function:: openlog([ident[, logoption[, facility]]]) Logging options of subsequent :func:`syslog` calls can be set by calling :func:`openlog`. :func:`syslog` will call :func:`openlog` with no arguments if the log is not currently open. The optional *ident* keyword argument is a string which is prepended to every message, and defaults to ``sys.argv[0]`` with leading path components stripped. The optional *logoption* keyword argument (default is 0) is a bit field -- see below for possible values to combine. The optional *facility* keyword argument (default is :const:`LOG_USER`) sets the default facility for messages which do not have a facility explicitly encoded. .. versionchanged:: 3.2 In previous versions, keyword arguments were not allowed, and *ident* was required. The default for *ident* was dependent on the system libraries, and often was ``python`` instead of the name of the Python program file.
.. function:: closelog() Reset the syslog module values and call the system library ``closelog()``. This causes the module to behave as it does when initially imported. For example, :func:`openlog` will be called on the first :func:`syslog` call (if :func:`openlog` hasn't already been called), and *ident* and other :func:`openlog` parameters are reset to defaults.
.. function:: setlogmask(maskpri) Set the priority mask to *maskpri* and return the previous mask value. Calls to :func:`syslog` with a priority level not set in *maskpri* are ignored. The default is to log all priorities. The function ``LOG_MASK(pri)`` calculates the mask for the individual priority *pri*. The function ``LOG_UPTO(pri)`` calculates the mask for all priorities up to and including *pri*.
The module defines the following constants:
<syslog.h>,
:const:`LOG_AUTHPRIV`.<syslog.h>, :const:`LOG_ODELAY`, :const:`LOG_NOWAIT`, and
:const:`LOG_PERROR`.A simple set of examples:
import syslog
syslog.syslog('Processing started')
if error:
syslog.syslog(syslog.LOG_ERR, 'Processing started')
An example of setting some log options, these would include the process ID in logged messages, and write the messages to the destination facility used for mail logging:
syslog.openlog(logoption=syslog.LOG_PID, facility=syslog.LOG_MAIL)
syslog.syslog('E-mail processing initiated...')
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