""" Codec for the Punicode encoding, as specified in RFC 3492

Written by Martin v. Löwis.
"""

import codecs

##################### Encoding #####################################

def segregate(str):
 """3.1 Basic code point segregation"""
 base = bytearray()
 extended = set()
 for c in str:
 if ord(c) < 128:
 base.append(ord(c))
 else:
 extended.add(c)
 extended = sorted(extended)
 return bytes(base), extended

def selective_len(str, max):
 """Return the length of str, considering only characters below max."""
 res = 0
 for c in str:
 if ord(c) < max:
 res += 1
 return res

def selective_find(str, char, index, pos):
 """Return a pair (index, pos), indicating the next occurrence of
 char in str. index is the position of the character considering
 only ordinals up to and including char, and pos is the position in
 the full string. index/pos is the starting position in the full
 string."""

 l = len(str)
 while 1:
 pos += 1
 if pos == l:
 return (-1, -1)
 c = str[pos]
 if c == char:
 return index+1, pos
 elif c < char:
 index += 1

def insertion_unsort(str, extended):
 """3.2 Insertion unsort coding"""
 oldchar = 0x80
 result = []
 oldindex = -1
 for c in extended:
 index = pos = -1
 char = ord(c)
 curlen = selective_len(str, char)
 delta = (curlen+1) * (char - oldchar)
 while 1:
 index,pos = selective_find(str,c,index,pos)
 if index == -1:
 break
 delta += index - oldindex
 result.append(delta-1)
 oldindex = index
 delta = 0
 oldchar = char

 return result

def T(j, bias):
 # Punycode parameters: tmin = 1, tmax = 26, base = 36
 res = 36 * (j + 1) - bias
 if res < 1: return 1
 if res > 26: return 26
 return res

digits = b"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789"
def generate_generalized_integer(N, bias):
 """3.3 Generalized variable-length integers"""
 result = bytearray()
 j = 0
 while 1:
 t = T(j, bias)
 if N < t:
 result.append(digits[N])
 return bytes(result)
 result.append(digits[t + ((N - t) % (36 - t))])
 N = (N - t) // (36 - t)
 j += 1

def adapt(delta, first, numchars):
 if first:
 delta //= 700
 else:
 delta //= 2
 delta += delta // numchars
 # ((base - tmin) * tmax) // 2 == 455
 divisions = 0
 while delta > 455:
 delta = delta // 35 # base - tmin
 divisions += 36
 bias = divisions + (36 * delta // (delta + 38))
 return bias


def generate_integers(baselen, deltas):
 """3.4 Bias adaptation"""
 # Punycode parameters: initial bias = 72, damp = 700, skew = 38
 result = bytearray()
 bias = 72
 for points, delta in enumerate(deltas):
 s = generate_generalized_integer(delta, bias)
 result.extend(s)
 bias = adapt(delta, points==0, baselen+points+1)
 return bytes(result)

def punycode_encode(text):
 base, extended = segregate(text)
 deltas = insertion_unsort(text, extended)
 extended = generate_integers(len(base), deltas)
 if base:
 return base + b"-" + extended
 return extended

##################### Decoding #####################################

def decode_generalized_number(extended, extpos, bias, errors):
 """3.3 Generalized variable-length integers"""
 result = 0
 w = 1
 j = 0
 while 1:
 try:
 char = ord(extended[extpos])
 except IndexError:
 if errors == "strict":
 raise UnicodeError("incomplete punicode string")
 return extpos + 1, None
 extpos += 1
 if 0x41 <= char <= 0x5A: # A-Z
 digit = char - 0x41
 elif 0x30 <= char <= 0x39:
 digit = char - 22 # 0x30-26
 elif errors == "strict":
 raise UnicodeError("Invalid extended code point '%s'"
 % extended[extpos])
 else:
 return extpos, None
 t = T(j, bias)
 result += digit * w
 if digit < t:
 return extpos, result
 w = w * (36 - t)
 j += 1


def insertion_sort(base, extended, errors):
 """3.2 Insertion unsort coding"""
 char = 0x80
 pos = -1
 bias = 72
 extpos = 0
 while extpos < len(extended):
 newpos, delta = decode_generalized_number(extended, extpos,
 bias, errors)
 if delta is None:
 # There was an error in decoding. We can't continue because
 # synchronization is lost.
 return base
 pos += delta+1
 char += pos // (len(base) + 1)
 if char > 0x10FFFF:
 if errors == "strict":
 raise UnicodeError("Invalid character U+%x" % char)
 char = ord('?')
 pos = pos % (len(base) + 1)
 base = base[:pos] + chr(char) + base[pos:]
 bias = adapt(delta, (extpos == 0), len(base))
 extpos = newpos
 return base

def punycode_decode(text, errors):
 if isinstance(text, str):
 text = text.encode("ascii")
 if isinstance(text, memoryview):
 text = bytes(text)
 pos = text.rfind(b"-")
 if pos == -1:
 base = ""
 extended = str(text, "ascii").upper()
 else:
 base = str(text[:pos], "ascii", errors)
 extended = str(text[pos+1:], "ascii").upper()
 return insertion_sort(base, extended, errors)

### Codec APIs

class Codec(codecs.Codec):

 def encode(self, input, errors='strict'):
 res = punycode_encode(input)
 return res, len(input)

 def decode(self, input, errors='strict'):
 if errors not in ('strict', 'replace', 'ignore'):
 raise UnicodeError("Unsupported error handling "+errors)
 res = punycode_decode(input, errors)
 return res, len(input)

class IncrementalEncoder(codecs.IncrementalEncoder):
 def encode(self, input, final=False):
 return punycode_encode(input)

class IncrementalDecoder(codecs.IncrementalDecoder):
 def decode(self, input, final=False):
 if self.errors not in ('strict', 'replace', 'ignore'):
 raise UnicodeError("Unsupported error handling "+self.errors)
 return punycode_decode(input, self.errors)

class StreamWriter(Codec,codecs.StreamWriter):
 pass

class StreamReader(Codec,codecs.StreamReader):
 pass

### encodings module API

def getregentry():
 return codecs.CodecInfo(
 name='punycode',
 encode=Codec().encode,
 decode=Codec().decode,
 incrementalencoder=IncrementalEncoder,
 incrementaldecoder=IncrementalDecoder,
 streamwriter=StreamWriter,
 streamreader=StreamReader,
 )